儿童特发性再生障碍性贫血的诊断与治疗

再生障碍性贫血(再障)以全血细胞减少和骨髓增生降低为显著特点。绝大多数病例为特发性,部分为继发性,与辐射、化学物和药物暴露、病毒感染有关。特发性再障发病机制不清,但免疫机制介导的造血干细胞损伤发挥着极为重要的作用。诊断主要依靠典型的临床表现和骨髓形态学检查,注意与其他可导致全血细胞减少的疾病鉴别,尤其是低增生性骨髓增生异常综合征。应综合患者年龄、临床严重程度、有无造血干细胞来源及其种类等因素,制定个体化治疗方案,合理选择联合免疫抑制治疗和造血干细胞移植的类型和时机。重视对症支持治疗措施。     

儿童呼吸道病毒感染与免疫应答

急性呼吸道感染(ARTI)是儿科最为常见的疾病,其中病毒所致的ARTI占半数以上。呼吸道病毒与机体免疫系统之间的相互作用是发病的关键环节。文章介绍了我国常见的呼吸道病毒病原的流行病学、病毒免疫逃逸与进化、机体保护性/病理性抗病毒免疫应答的研究进展,以提高儿科医师对呼吸道病毒感染的认识。     

结直肠癌前病变中医病机探讨

在癌毒病机理论的指导下,提出结直肠癌前病变的共性病机为湿热毒蕴,脾气亏虚.湿、热之邪在脾虚的基础上产生并相互胶结于肠腑,日久内生癌毒.脾气亏虚是结直肠癌前病变发生的根本病机,湿热蕴结是其发展条件,癌毒内生是癌变的关键所在.结合内镜下病理分级,根据癌毒内生与否可将结直肠癌前病变的演变过程分为无癌毒期及癌毒期.癌毒致病的过...     

Bluetongue Virus Infection of Goats: Re-Emerged European Serotype 8 vs. Two Atypical Serotypes

In recent years, numerous atypical Bluetongue virus (BTV) strains have been discovered all around the world. Atypical BTV strains are phylogenetically distinct from the classical BTV serotypes 1–24 and differ in terms of several biological features. For the first time, the atypical strains BTV-25-GER2018 and BTV-33-MNG3/2016 as well as the re-emerged classical strain BTV-8-GER2018 were evaluated comparatively in a pathogenesis study in goats—the natural host of atypical BTV. A substantial number of in-contact animals were included in this study to detect potential contact transmissions of the virus. After infection, EDTA blood, ocular, nasal and oral swab samples as well as serum were collected regularly and were used for virological and serological analyses, respectively. Our study showed differences in the immunological reaction between the two atypical BTV strains (no group-specific antibody detection) and the classical BTV strain BTV-8-GER2018 (group-specific antibody detection). Furthermore, we observed an increase in the total WBC count (neutrophils and lymphocytes) in goats infected with the atypical BTV strains. No horizontal transmission was seen for all three strains. Our study suggests that the atypical BTVs used in the trial differ from classical BTVs in their immunopathogenesis. However, no evidence of direct contact transmission was found.     

慢性阻塞性肺疾病中医发病机制的研究进展

慢性阻塞性肺疾病(COPD),作为世界范围内的常见病、多发病,对人类健康造成严重的危害,由于过高的患病率以及不断增加的病死率受到了世界范围的广泛关注.COPD为社会带来巨大的经济负担,通过文献梳理,从中医角度概述了COPD的病因病机,并阐述了发病机制的研究进展.     

中医药治疗功能性消化不良现状述评

文章从古代著作探讨功能性消化不良（Functional Dyspepsia,FD）的中医病名。FD 的发病与饮食、外邪内居及精神因素有关,病位主要在肝脾胃三脏,肝郁、脾虚及胃气不降为 FD 主要的病机关键,但目前对 FD 的病机演变规律研究深入不足。FD 的治疗有辨证分型、专法专药,以及辨病辨证相结合等,但缺乏严谨有效的评价体系,对患者生活质量也不够重视。     

桂枝汤药物规律性组合及其类方系统结合病机理论探讨“证”内涵(二)

用文献和数据挖掘的方法和方药——病机——证的逆向思维,从桂枝汤的药物规律性组合及其类方系统与证机相关性来探讨"证"的内涵。得出"证"内涵具有如下特性:功能关系性、整体关联性、动态时空性、模型性、多维意象性。     

论朱震亨对中医妇科学的贡献

金元医学四大家之一的朱丹溪,除精于内科外,对妇科亦有较深的造诣.朱氏提出了气帅血配的理论,调经辨证离不开痰热;其治疗崩漏症,历代医家多以清热为法,而丹溪则遵东垣治崩之旨,独辟蹊径,力主祛寒;丹溪认为带下属痰湿为患,治带以燥湿为原则大法;胎前诸疾,主以清热养血,丹溪认为产后多虚,故治以大补气血.     

癌性疼痛的中医理论探讨

文章认为癌性疼痛的病因主要包括六淫邪毒、七情内伤、饮食失调、正气亏虚;而癌毒内郁、痰瘀互结、经络壅塞是癌性疼痛的基本病机,癌毒内郁是病机之关键,痰瘀是主要病理因素,二者因果为患,正气亏虚是癌痛发生的重要内在因素,病位涉及相关脏腑经络,病理性质为本虚标实,标实为主;解毒祛瘀、化痰通络是其基本治疗大法,消癌解毒是治疗关键,化痰祛瘀贯穿治疗始终。