Malignant Struma Ovarii: Two Case Reports and a Review of the Literature

Struma ovarii consists of thyroid tissue derived from germ cells in a mature teratoma. Malignant transformation is very rare, with clinically evident metastatic disease reported in approximately 20 cases. The rarity of this disease renders evaluation of treatment modalities difficult. There is evidence that these tumors behave like their thyroid counterparts, and cytoreductive surgery followed by ablation with radioactive iodine has been advocated. We report the diagnosis and treatment of 2 patients with metastatic malignant struma ovarii treated with a combination of surgery and radiation therapy.     

TGF-β_1在PCOS卵巢间质纤维化形成中的作用

目的:探讨TGF-β1在PCOS大鼠卵巢间质纤维化、包膜硬化形成中的作用。方法:利用脱氢表雄酮(DHEA)皮下注射的方法建立PCOS病理模型大鼠20只,用微粒子酶免分析法测定血清性激素E2、T、LH、FSH、LH/FSH、空腹胰岛素(FINS)水平,及光镜下观察PCOS大鼠卵巢的病理结构,透射电镜观察细胞超微结构来验证模型。采用免疫组化法检测PCOS组(n=20)卵巢细胞因子TGF-β1的表达,并与20只正常大鼠相比照。结果:TGF-β1在PCOS组各阶段卵泡卵母细胞、颗粒细胞的表达强度与对照组相比,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。而在窦状卵泡膜细胞和卵巢间质细胞中的表达,PCOS组显著高于对照组(P<0.01,P<0.05)。结论:多囊卵巢中TGF-β1表达异常,可能是导致多囊卵巢间质纤维化、包膜增厚的原因之一,TGF-β1也参与PCOS卵泡发育、闭锁的调控。     

Assessment of neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio,C-reactive protein,mean platelet volume in obese,and nonobese patients with polycystic ovary syndrome

Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is associated with low-grade chronic inflammation.This was a retrospective case–control study.In the present study, the risk coefficients of neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio (NLR), high-sensitive C-reactive protein (hs-CRP), and mean platelet volume (MPV) in obese patients with PCOS were determined. This study was designed to investigate NLR, hs-CRP, and MPV levels in 68 obese patients with PCOS and 44 nonobese patients with PCOS, and our study group was matched with 47 obese and 43 nonobese controls, respectively.PCOS group had higher MPV, NLR, insulin, glucose, and HOMA-IR rates than those of the controls. Subgroup analyses revealed that the obese PCOS group had higher NLR, hs-CRP, and MPV levels compared to those of controls. The obese PCOS group had higher NLR, hs-CRP, and MPV levels compared to those of the nonobese PCOS group. The odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals of those variables (NLR, hs-CRP, MPV) were found significant (P < .05). NLR, hs-CRP, and MPV variables were found statistically significant in the analysis of receiver operating characteristics.Our study demonstrated that NLR, hs-CRP, and MPV levels are increased in patients with obese PCOS.     

胰高血糖素样肽-1受体激动剂治疗多囊卵巢综合征患者有效性与安全性的Meta分析

目的 评价胰高血糖素样肽-1(glucagon like peptide-1,GLP-1)受体激动剂与二甲双胍治疗多囊卵巢综合征(polycystic ovarian syndrome,PCOS)的有效性与安全性.方法 计算机检索英文数据库PubMed、CENTRAL(2020年第3期)、EMbase;中文数据库Wan...     

经阴道或直肠彩色多普勒超声在多囊卵巢综合征中的临床应用

目的:观察经阴道或直肠彩色多普勒超声在多囊卵巢综合征中的诊断价值。方法:经阴道或经直肠行彩色多普勒超声检查,显示双侧卵巢内部结构,记录最多切面卵泡数,测量最大切面卵巢径线,计算卵巢体积,选用面积测量软件包测量卵巢面积(TA)、髓质面积(SA),然后计算SA/TA,并记录。启动彩色多普勒和频谱多普勒测量卵巢间质动脉搏动指数(PI)、阻力指数(RI)值。所有数据均测量3次并取平均值。结果:多囊卵巢综合征组患者卵巢体积增大(>10mL),双侧卵巢呈多囊样改变,多见10个以上小囊,小囊直径约4～6mm。卵巢间质回声增强,面积增大,间质面积比例较对照组显著增大,P<0.05,卵巢间质血流较丰富,卵巢间质动脉血流RI、PI与对照组比较,差异有统计学意义。结论:经阴道或经直肠彩色多普勒超声,可更直观准确显示卵巢特征。最多切面卵巢小卵泡数目、间质面积比、卵巢间质动脉阻力指数相结合对诊断多囊卵巢综合征(PCOS)有很重要的临床价值。     

大豆异黄酮对初老大鼠卵巢Bcl-2基因和Caspase-3基因mRNA表达的影响

目的观察大豆异黄酮(soy isoflavones,SI)对初老大鼠卵巢Bcl-2、Caspas e-3 mRNA表达及氧自由基含量的影响。方法利用自然衰老的雌性大鼠建立初老动物模型,连续灌胃给药8周后,采用逆转录-聚合酶链反应(RT-PCR)检测卵巢Bcl-2和Caspase-3 mRNA表达,采用硫代巴比妥酸和黄嘌呤氧化法分别检测卵巢丙二醛(MDA)含量和超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性。结果与初老组相比,各SI处理组卵巢Bcl-2 mRNA表达量和SOD的活性均明显增高、Caspase-3表达量明显下降,中剂量(158 mg.kg-1)和高剂量(500 mg.kg-1)SI处理组MDA含量也显著降低(P<0.05或P<0.01)。结论大豆异黄酮上调卵巢Bcl-2、下调Caspase-3表达、抑制氧自由基生成并增强SOD活性,可能是其改善衰老卵巢功能的机制之一。