A new species of <Emphasis Type="Italic">Moaciria</Emphasis> (Nematoda,Heterakidae) and other helminths in the red Mawatta frog, <Emphasis Type="Italic">Hylophorbus</Emphasis> cf. <Emphasis Type="Italic">rufescens</Emphasis> (Anura,Microhylidae) from Papua New Guinea

Moaciria moraveci sp. nov. (Nematoda, Heterakidae) from the large intestine of Hylophorbus cf. rufescens from Papua New Guinea is described. Moaciria moraveci sp. nov. represents the 9th species assigned to the genus and the 5th from the Australo-Papuan region. It is distinguished from congeners by the distribution pattern of the caudal papillae of the male, spicule length and vulvar position.     

A new species of Trichostrongylus (Nematoda, Trichostronglyoidea) parasitizing the subterranean rodent Ctenomys talarum (Rodentia, Octodontidae) from Mar de Cobo, Argentina

A new nematode species, Trichostrongylus duretteae sp. nov., found in the small intestine of Ctenomys talarum from Argentina is described. The new species more closely resembles T. suis lwanitsky, 1930 a parasite of Sus scrofa in the USSR. However, the new species can be distinguished by the morphology of male genital bursa: Rays 6 distant from rays 8 and a larger dorsal ray in relation to the length of rays 2 to 8. The present finding is the first record of the genus Trichostronglyus in rodents of the family Octodontidae.     

一株新菌的发现及定位研究

从胆囊炎败血症患者血中分离出一株新菌,该菌为兼性厌氧G~-球菌,无鞭毛、无芽胞、无荚膜,发酵葡萄糖产气,还原硝酸盐成亚硝酸盐,氧化酶试验阴性,不具有氨基酸脱羧酶,对绝大多数糖不利用,具有β半乳糖苷酶,不产生吲哚,甲基红试验阳性,利用丙二酸盐,不利用枸橼酸盐。电镜表明该菌为芽殖细菌,G C含量为47.58mol％。16S rRNA序列测定结果经计算机检索基因库所有序列进行比较表明和目前所有菌序列都不同,根据相似性和表型特征选择最接近的15个种16S rRNA序列得出全连锁聚类分析树状谱,亲缘关系相差甚远。结果表明该菌不属于已知的科、属,根据该菌发酵代谢和特有的芽殖特点,应建立新科。拟定为发酵芽殖菌科(Fermentobadaceae fam.nov.),命名Guhaiyingella gen.nov.guhaiyingii sp.nov。 该菌已收藏在中国微生物菌种保藏中心,CGMCC No.0205~T(T=type strain)。     

Epidermomyces gen. nov. statt Epidermophyton Sab. nom. illegit./Epidermomyces gen. nov. replacing Epidermophyton Sab. nom. illegit

Zusammenfassung: Der gültige Gattungsname Epidermophyton Mégnin 1881, Typus E. gallinae Mégnin, wurde seit Jahrzehnten nicht mehr benutzt und gilt heute als Synonym zu Microsporum Gruby 1843.
Epidermophyton Sabouraud 1907 ist als jüngeres Homonym illegitim und muß verworfen werden. Ersetzt wird die Gattung durch Epidermomyces gen. nov.; Typusart Epidermomyces floccosus (Harz) comb, n., Basionym Trichothecium floccosum Harz 1870, zweite Species Epidermomyces stockdaleae (Prochacki et Engelh.-Zas.) comb, n., Basionym Epidermophyton stockdaleae Prochacki et Engelhardt-Zasada 1974.
Epidermophyton Lang 1879 ("Epidermidophyton") ex Sartory 1922, Typus Epidermophyton repens (Eklund) Sartory, Basionym Lepocolla repens Eklund 1883, hatte 1922 einen nomenklatorischen Status erhalten, ist aber wegen des älteren Homonyms Epidermophyton Mégnin 1881 illegitim und muß verworfen werden; das Taxon betrifft Eubacteria.
Summary: The valid genus name Epidermophyton Mégnin 1881, type species E. gallinae Mégnin, has not been used since several decennia. It is now generlly considered a synonym of Microsporum Gruby 1843.
Epidermophyton Sabouraud 1907, type E. inguinale Sab., is a younger homonym and must be rejected. The genus is now replaced by Epidermomyces gen. nov., type species Epidermomyces floccosus (Harz) comb, n., basionym Trichothecium floccosum Harz 1870, second species of the genus Epidermomyces stockdaleae (Prochacki et Engelh.-Zas.) comb, n., basionym Epidermophyton stockdaleae Prochacki et Engelhardt-Zasada 1974.
Epidermophyton Lang 1879 ("Epidermidophyton") ex Sartory 1922, type species Epidermophyton repens (Eklund) Sartory, basionym Lepocolla repens Eklund 1883, obtained its nomenclaturel state as late as 1922 and is to be rejected as a younger homonym of Epidermophyton Mégnin. Epidermophyton Lang ex Sart. is an eubacterial taxon.     

冬虫夏草和中国拟青霉对小鼠免疫性肝损伤的保护作用

 目的研究冬虫夏草(CS)和中国拟青霉(CN80-2)对小鼠免疫性肝损伤的保护作用。方法小鼠分别尾静脉注射BCG+LPS造模,当日ig给予CS,CN80-2,每天1次,连续10d。10d后,检测其血清ALT和AST活性及肝脾重量指数,并用硫代巴比妥酸法测定血清与肝组织中LPO含量,用1929细胞为靶细胞检测血清中TNFa的活性。结果CS,CN80-2(1.0g·kg^-1·d^-1,10d)抑制小鼠血清ALT,AST活性,降低其血清与肝组织中LPO含量,并减轻其增大的肝、脾重量指数,降低血清中的TNF水平。结论CS,CN80-2预防性给药对BCG+LPS诱导的小鼠免疫性肝损伤具有一定的保护作用。     

高效液相色谱法分析广西八角莲中的鬼臼毒素

用ＨＰＬＣ法测定广西八角莲中鬼臼毒素的含量，并研究提取其根茎粗粉中鬼臼毒素的条件。     

海绵共附生放线菌Saccharopolyspora sp.nov中抗肿瘤活性成分的研究

羽毛山海绵（Mycale plumose）来源的糖多孢菌（Saccharopolyspora sp.nov SP2-10）具有诱导肿瘤细胞坏死的活性。本文对其发酵产物的活性部位乙酸乙酯层进行活性追踪分离．共得到7个化合物；利用理化性质和波谱学方法鉴定它们的结构分别为胆甾醇、邻苯二甲酸二异丁酯、4（2，4-二羟基苯甲酰氨基）苯甲酸、苯丙胺酸、脱氧鸟苷、鸟苷和N-乙酰酪胺I并初步评价上述化合物的抗肿瘤活性，结果表明，邻苯二甲酸二异丁酯显示强细胞毒活性。     

Mycobacterium shigaense sp. nov., a novel slowly growing scotochromogenic mycobacterium that produced nodules in an erythroderma patient with severe cellular immunodeficiency and a history of Hodgkin's disease

A novel slow‐growing scotochromogenic mycobacterium was isolated from skin biopsies from a patient with a history of Hodgkin’s disease and severe cellular immunodeficiency as an opportunistic pathogen. Clinical characterization of these lesions revealed papules and nodules with pathological granuloma formation. Genotypic analysis using 16S rRNA misidentified this isolate as Mycobacterium simiae. However, multiple gene analysis using the internal transcribed spacer between the 16S and 23S rRNA genes, and the rpoB and hsp65 genes revealed the presence of a novel mycobacterium. The antimicrobial susceptibility of this isolate was completely different from that of M. simiae. On the basis of these findings, we propose naming this new species Mycobacterium shigaense sp. nov., and conclude that multiple gene analysis is required for the appropriate diagnosis and treatment of non‐tuberculous mycobacterial infections.     

贡菊的化学成分及分析方法研究进展

贡菊化学成分以挥发油、黄酮类为主,质量控制研究以生药学、成分检查、薄层色谱鉴别、指纹图谱、含量测定为主。早晚贡菊在口感和黄酮的含量上有明显的差异。根据文献资料,综述近10年来关于贡菊化学成分、质量控制方面的研究,并重点比较了早贡菊和晚贡菊的异同点。优质贡菊质量标准研究还有待进一步深入。     

Trematodes from Red Sea fishes: Pachycreadium lethrini sp. nov. (Opecoelidae Ozaki, 1925) and Pseudometadena aegyptensis sp. nov. (Cryptogonimidae Ward, 1917), with a review of their genera

Specimens of the fishes Lethrinus nebulosus Forsskål (Lethrinidae) and Diplodus noct Valenciennes (Sparidae) were caught in the Red Sea off the coast of Sharm El-Sheikh, South Sinai, Egypt. Ten (33%) and 12 (24%) of these fishes, respectively, were found to harbour intestinal trematodes. L. nebulosus was parasitised by Pachycreadium lethrini sp. nov. (Opecoelidae) and D. noct by Pseudometadena aegyptensis sp. nov. (Cryptogonimidae). P. lethrini sp. nov. is unique in having distinctly unequal testes, contiguous gonads arranged obliquely in the right side of hindbody and a small egg size. However, it differs from each of the other three species of the genus in several other features: from P. gastrocotylum (Manter, 1940) Manter, 1954 in having a smaller sucker ratio and vitelline follicles terminating anteriorly at the level of intestinal bifurcation; from P. carnosum (Rudolphi, 1819) Cortini et Ferretti, 1959 in having a smaller body, a smaller sucker ratio, a genital pore situated ventrally to the anterior border of pharynx, a pretesticular ovary and vitelline follicles extending anteriorly to the level of intestinal bifurcation; and from P. lerneri Sogandares-Bernal, 1959 in having a larger body, a smaller sucker ratio and an unlobed ovary. P. angolensis Aleshkina et Gaevskaya, 1985 is considered an invalid species in Pachycreadium. P. aegyptensis sp. nov. is similar to P. celebesensis Yamaguti, 1952, but mainly differs in having a larger pharynx, a much shorter oesophagus, extensive vitelline acini and a shorter seminal vesicle. Pachycreadium Manter, 1954 and Pseudometadena Yamaguti, 1952 are briefly reviewed.