左房粘液瘤9例诊断与外科治疗体会

目的:探讨心脏粘液瘤的诊断和外科治疗。方法:9例心脏粘液瘤通过病史、体征、心电图、超声心动图进行诊断,体外循环下行瘤体切除。在全麻体外循环下手术摘除粘液瘤,同期行二尖瓣成形2例。结果:全组无死亡病例.结论:术中应注意麻醉诱导与插管方法,选择恰当的手术径路,防止瘤体破碎、脱落造成栓塞,切除粘液瘤要彻底。     

Right atrial myxoma in an asymptomatic child. Echocardiographic diagnosis

Tumours of the heart in children are rare, particularly myxomas.A case of right atrial myxoma is described in an asymptomaticyoung boy aged seven years. The diagnosis was made by M-Modeechocardiography which was recorded because of a cardiac murmur.Two-dimensional echocardiography confirmed the diagnosis andgave further information (size, morphology of tumour and stalk)which was confirmed by pathological examination. Today, two-dimensionalechocardiography is of great value for visualizing tumours ofthe right side of the heart, and offers the possibility of referringpatients for surgical excision without cardiac catheterization.     

A FAMILIAL SYNDROME OF CARDIAC MYXOMAS, MYXOID NEUROFIBROMATA, CUTANEOUS PIGMENTED LESIONS, AND ENDOCRINE ABNORMALITIES

Abstract A family syndrome of cardiac myxomas, myxoid neurofibromata, cutaneous pigmented lesions, and endocrine abnormalities is described. Three cases from a family of four are presented. All had cutaneous pigmented lesions. The mother had left and right atrial myxomata, her daughter a left ventricular myxoma, subcutaneous myxoid neurofibromata, and mammary fibroadenosis, and her son has no evidence of cardiac myxoma. Elevated circulating levels of insulin-like growth factors in the one family member tested raises the possibility of abnormal stimulation of somatic growth and may be linked to development of soft tissue neoplasms in these patients.     

Mucin gene expression in cardiac myxoma

Myxoma is the most common benign neoplasm of the heart. This work is the first to present an unusual left atrium and mitral valve cardiac myxoma which cannot be completely resected. This cardiac myxoma was also associated with abundant mucopolysaccharidic matrix, including mucin. Mucin gene expression is cell- and tissue-specific, with variations during cell differentiation and inflammation, and is altered during carcinogenesis. The expression of mucin genes in cardiac myxoma has never been elucidated previously. Detailed immunohistochemical analysis of MUC1, MUC2 and MUC5AC has been performed in this left atrium and mitral valve myxoma. Notably, the expressions of mucins in cardiac myxoma must be further evaluated.     

超声误诊阑尾低级别黏液性肿瘤1例

阑尾低级别黏液性肿瘤（Low- grade appendiceal mucinous neoplasm，LAMN）是阑尾黏液性肿瘤的一种少见类型，发生率占阑尾切除病例的0.2%~ 0.7%［1］，属于交界性或低度恶性肿瘤，破裂后易形成低级别腹膜假黏液瘤（PMP），临床症状个体差异大。LAMN起源于阑尾腺上皮，特点是由于粪石或者慢性炎症导致管腔狭窄，黏液物质聚积引起管腔扩张，黏液呈“推挤性”模式进入阑尾壁内或壁外［2］。超声表现：典型特征为“洋葱皮”样征象，大部分表现为囊实性包块，分隔纤细，部分病例内部回声呈胶冻状［3］，合并PMP时常伴有腹水。     

心脏黏液瘤的临床及超声特点探讨

目的探讨心脏黏液瘤的临床及超声特点。方法选取11例心脏黏液瘤患者,男5例、女6例,行多普勒超声检查,均经手术和病理证实,分析患者的临床特点及超声特点。结果 11例患者的临床表现包括胸闷、心悸、发热、晕厥、脑梗死、心律失常等,体征包括舒张期杂音、双期杂音、肿瘤扑落音等。11例患者均为单发,左房多见,超声表现为心房内稍高回声团块,边界清晰,部分呈分叶状,大部分内部回声较均匀,多数瘤体有蒂附着于房间隔上,随心动周期规律摆动,同时并发心房增大,下腔静脉增宽等。结论心脏黏液瘤临床表现个体差异极大,但超声表现较为典型,可以作为该病的首选检查方式。     

Left atrial thrombus masquerading as a myxoma in a patient with mitral stenosis

The preoperative differentiation of a thrombus from a myxoma is important but not always easy. Clinical and echocardiographic characteristics of myxoma and thrombi are not diverse enough to always reliably distinguish the two. We report the case of a patient who was found to have a left atrial appendage thrombus that was misdiagnosed as a myxoma on the basis of its imaging characteristics on cardiac magnetic resonance in addition to the detection of dense neovascularization on coronary angiography. This case highlights the unusual features of an organized thrombus that can mimic many of the distinguishing characteristics of a myxoma.     

A case of mimicking left atrial myxoma demanding emergency surgery

Despite the considerable mortality and morbidity in metastasis cardiac mass, antemortem diagnosis is unusual. Here we report a case of a left atrial mass echocardiographically mimicking myxoma, in a patient with lung carcinoma. The mass was pathologically confirmed to be metastatic carcinoma, which had entered the left pulmonary vein, illustrating the potential for unusual routes of tumor spread into tissue diagnosis in such cases atrium via direct invasion of left superior the heart and the importance of obtaining a