Effects of sulglycotide on endogenous prostaglandin synthesis in human antral mucosa

The effect of sulglycotide, a polysulphated glycopeptide isolated from pig duodenum, on PGE2, 6-ketoPGF1 alpha and TxB2 production from isolated biopsy specimens of human antral mucosa was investigated in vitro, in comparison with carbenoxolone. In addition to a tendency toward increased PGE2 production just short of statistical significance, both sulglycotide and carbenoxolone significantly increased 6-ketoPGF1 alpha accumulation in the incubation medium. TxB2 levels were not significantly modified by the two drugs. Therefore, changes in the prostanoid production by human antral mucosa could, at least partially account for the cytoprotective effects of sulglycotide in man.     

Oral mucosal desquamation caused by two toothpaste detergents in an experimental model

Sodium lauryl sulfate (SLS), the most widely used detergent in toothpastes, has been reported to cause adverse effects on oral soft tissues. This double-blind cross-over study describes the oral mucosal effects of SLS-containing toothpastes and pastes containing a zwitterionic detergent, cocoamidopropyl-betaine (CAPB) in an experimental model in 28 healthy females. Seven toothpastes, differing only in detergent concentration and/or type, were used: SLS (0.5, 1.0, 1.5%), CAPB (0.64, 1.27, 1.90%) and a placebo. Each participant applied 1 cm of assigned test toothpaste via a cap splint to the teeth and the mucosa of the upper jaw. The splints were used twice daily for 2 min during a period of 4 d, after which the participants were examined for oral desquamation. No other oral hygiene was allowed during the test periods. Ten days brushing with a detergent-free toothpaste was performed between each test period. Forty-five desquamative reactions were observed in 21 of 27 subjects (one was excluded) during the trial. Forty-two reactions were recorded during the SLS periods and the remaining three during the CAPB periods. The detergent-free toothpaste did not result in oral desquamation. SLS in toothpastes significantly increased the incidence of desquamation of the oral mucosa compared with toothpastes containing the detergent CAPB. The model used is not directly relevant to normal toothbrushing with toothpaste, but indicates that sensitive patients may contract mucosal irritation through SLS in toothpastes. Less toxic detergents, e.g. CAPB, are desirable in oral hygiene products.     

Effect of long-term sucralfate ingestion on antral and fundic epithelial proliferation in the rat

Sucralfate accelerates the healing of chronic gastric ulcers, but its mechanism is not well understood. We studied the effect of long-term administration of sucralfate on gastric epithelial proliferation in the rat by means of tritiated thymidine autoradiography. Rats were treated perorally with 500 mg/kg sucralfate once a day. After 28 days, rats were injected with tritiated thymidine 1µCi/g body weight and sacrificed 1 hr later. Autoradiographs from antral and fundic mucosae were prepared and a number of proliferative measurements were made. Long-term sucralfate administration produced an increase in tritiated thymidine labeling of epithelial cells and expansion of the proliferative zone in antral mucosa. These results indicate that long-term sucralfate ingestion stimulates gastric antral epithelial proliferation in the rat. In light of the fact that chronic gastric ulcers are usually located in the antral region in humans, this enhanced epithelial proliferation may contribute to the beneficial effect of sucralfate in accelerating the healing of gastric ulcers.     

“鼻炎一号”滴鼻剂对慢性鼻炎下鼻甲粘膜血流影响的初步观察

本文为探讨“鼻炎一号”滴鼻剂对慢性鼻炎下鼻甲粘膜血流有无影响及影响状态，用石家在医用电子仪器厂产ＨＢ－３ＩＭＥ型血流图仪以及作者改装的绝缘针形电极插入慢性鼻炎患者下鼻甲粘膜内，进行用药前、后观察，发现该药有扩张下鼻甲粘膜血管及增加血流量的作用。认为慢性鼻炎与鼻粘膜微循环异常有关。用该药有改善鼻粘膜微循环的作用。     

门脉高压性胃粘膜损害出血的细胞动力学

探讨肝硬变门脉高压性胃粘膜损害出血的机制。应用放射自显影技术观察肝硬变门脉高压大鼠在饥饿１２－３６ｈ后的胃粘膜上皮细胞标记指数变化及其与胃粘膜出血的关系。结果：１；ＬＣ－ＰＨＴ鼠平均ＬＩ氏于对照，出血灶局部２ＬＩ低于周围相对正常粘膜。２．随饥饿持续时间延长ＬＩ呈降低趋势，而出血率及严重程度呈增加趋势，尤以严重程度增加为著。３．当出血为０－３级时与ＬＩ呈显著负相关；为３－４级时两者间呈正相关但未达显     

直肠癌旁移行粘膜电镜观察

对１６例直肠癌旁０～５ｃｍ粘膜采用粘蛋白组织化学与电镜的方法对比观察。结果表明，移行区细胞有早期亚微结构的病理改变，杯状细胞及未分化细胞增多，有轻度异形性，并出现“双重特征”细胞。证明癌旁移行粘膜细胞成熟迟缓，应视为潜在癌前期改变。     

应用人自体血清培养人口腔黏膜上皮的实验研究

目的 研究人自体血清培养人口腔黏膜移植生长的生物学特性，为组织工程化尿道提供新材料。方法 将人自体血清培养黏膜移植于裸鼠体内，分别于移植后2、3、4、6周观察培养黏膜生长与转归，应用anti—HLA免疫荧光鉴定成活黏膜组织属性，应用抗人Ⅳ型胶原及抗人层黏蛋白为基底膜形成指标。结果 裸鼠体内移植培养黏膜成活生长分化良好，anti—HLA免疫荧光证实为移植的培养人黏膜组织；免疫组化发现移植后3周开始形成基底膜，4周形成完整的基底膜。结论 自体血清培养的人口腔黏膜可形成功能完整的上皮组织。     

胆汁返流性胃炎胃粘膜超微结构研究

为探讨胆汁返流性胃炎的发病机理和应用中药治疗此病的效果，作者进行了胃粘膜超微结构观察。在治疗前、后取胃粘膜做光、电镜检查，发现本病胃粘膜变化突出的特点是淋巴细胞侵入腺细胞内，溶解腺细胞，破坏细胞间联接装置，使腺腔破溃，腺管萎缩。以上变化可占全部病例的８７．５％。另一特点是腺细胞内出现微囊（８例中有４例），这在慢性胃炎尚未见有电镜观察报道。作者认为胆汁返流性胃炎可以是慢性萎缩性胃炎的前驱，而腺体萎缩的原因是由于淋巴细胞的浸润破坏；这为由细胞介导引起的胃腺细胞损伤提供了形态学依据。     

肠易激综合征患者结肠粘膜扫描电镜观察

应用扫描电镜观察１０例肠易激综合征（ＩＢＳ）患者降结肠粘膜的超微结构并和２例正常者进行比较性研究，结果发现ＩＢＳ组结肠粘膜上皮细胞表面微绒毛有局灶性破坏，破坏区微绒毛排列不整齐，数量稀少或缺如，结肠腺数量明显增多，腺窝开口大。腺窝处见有大量粘液分泌物和数量显著增多的杯状细胞。作者认为，ＩＢＳ并非是消化迫功能性疾病，而是有结肠粘膜超微结构改变的器质性疾病     

Oral manifestation of chronic mucocutaneous candidiasis: seven case reports

BACKGROUND: Chronic mucocutaneous candidiasis (CMC) is a rare disorder characterized by persistent or recurrent candidal infections of the skin, nails and mucous membranes or by a variable combination of endocrine failure as well as immunodeficiency. Oral clinicopathological features of CMC have seldom been described in detail. METHODS: Seven patients with CMC were reported in the study. The clinical and histological findings, etiological Candida species, immunological evaluation, and therapeutic pattern of oral lesions, were analyzed. RESULTS: Long-standing whitish hyperplastic and nodule-like lesions with exaggerated deep fissure were the typical and characteristic oral manifestations presented by all patients. The tongue was the most common site affected. Histologically, no obvious distinction was found between CMC and other forms of candidal infection. Abnormal proportions of T-lymphocyte subsets and positive titers of autoantibody were observed in three subjects (42.9%) and one patient (14.3%) respectively. Meanwhile, four subjects (57.1%) showed decreased albumin and increased globulin, three cases (42.9%) had high levels of ESR. But no iron deficiency was found. Candida albicans was the microorganism isolated from these patients. CONCLUSIONS: Multiple and widespread candidal infectious lesions can be observed on the oral cavity of CMC patients. Hyperplastic and nodule-like lesion with irremovable whitish patches and deep fissure are the most common oral manifestations of these patients. Dentists, otolaryngologists and pediatricians should be familiar with the clinical appearances of CMC to make an accurate diagnosis. Potential systemic disorders should be concerned to avoid the reoccurrence of oral candidiasis.