胎肝细胞输注对癌症病人化疗中外周血白细胞变化干预的序贯试验研究

本文自１９９１年１月以来．进行了静脉输注胎肝细胞悬液干扰化疗药物降白副反应的医学序贯试验。实验组病人静脉输注４～６月胎龄胎肝细胞悬液１６００～４０００ｍｌ（浓度５～７×１０９个／Ｌ），对照组按常规方法升白。通过２８例病人的序贯试验发现化疗期间输注胎肝细胞悬液的病人骨髓抑制发生延迟，持续时间短，程度减轻，从而为化疗正常进行提供基本条件。结论；胎肝细胞悬液输注可干扰化疗药物降白副反应的发生。     

病理性损伤因素对肾小管上皮细胞表型转化的影响

目的 :观察低血清、高糖、高蛋白刺激下肾小管上皮细胞向间叶性细胞的表型转化 ,探讨损伤的肾小管上皮细胞在肾小管间质纤维化中的作用。方法 :以体外培养的人近端肾小管上皮细胞为对象 ,分别用含低血清(0 .2mol·L-1小牛血清 )、高葡萄糖 (4.5 g·L-1)、高白蛋白 (15 g·L-1)的培养液培养 7d ,透射电镜检测细胞形态变化 ;免疫组化和Westernblot检测细胞表型改变 ,包括CK、Vimentin、α SMA、Ⅰ和Ⅲ型胶原 ,原位杂交检测Ⅰ型胶原mRNA表达 ,同时检测细胞TGFβ1蛋白表达。 结果 :低血清、高糖、高蛋白直接刺激下 ,肾小管上皮细胞出现明显形态学改变 ,包括细胞变为长梭形 ;透射电镜下细胞内线粒体明显减少 ,粗面内质网明显增加 ,并出现actin样微丝。免疫组化染色和Westernblot显示CK表达明显减弱 ,Vimentin、Ⅰ、Ⅲ型胶原、α SMA和TGFβ1表达增强。原位杂交显示Ⅰ型胶原mRNA表达增强。结论 :低血清、高糖、高蛋白可直接引起人近端肾小管上皮细胞TGFβ1表达增加 ,并发生向间叶性细胞的表型转化     

人骨髓间充质干细胞体外分化为雪旺样细胞的方法

目的 :建立人骨髓间充质干细胞体外向雪旺样细胞定向诱导分化的方法。方法 :取健康人骨髓血标本 ,利用percoll(密度为 1.0 73 g·ml-1)分离骨髓单个核细胞 ,在DMEM LG + 10 % (体积分数 )FBS中培养 ,通过流式细胞术对培养细胞进行表型测定 ,对第 2、3、5、8代间充质干细胞进行定向诱导分化 ,用单抗S 10 0、神经胶质纤维酸性蛋白 (glialfibrillargacidicprotein ,GFAP) ,通过免疫组化方法对诱导的细胞进行鉴定。 结果 :经 percoll分离的间充质干细胞可传 16代 ,细胞数增加了大约 6× 10 7倍。流式细胞术结果显示 :percoll分离出来的未经培养的细胞 ,其CD2 9+CD4 4 +CD3 4 -CD4 5 -细胞数为 3 2 .4 7%± 3 .4 9% ,而培养后贴壁细胞中CD2 9+CD4 4 +CD3 4 -CD4 5 -细胞数为 94 .3 8%± 1.5 0 %。诱导后免疫组化染色结果显示 :由 β ME +bFGF预诱导、β ME +bFGF诱导的S 10 0阳性细胞最多 ,可达 90 %± 4 % ,GFAP阳性细胞为 2 1%± 5 %。结论 :人骨髓中间充质干细胞能定向诱导分化成雪旺样细胞。     

Experimental Studyon Anti－tumor Effect of SplenocytesInduced by Anti－CD3McAb，PHA and IL－2

（沈张悦）（邵静芳）（王晓林）（朱慧芬）ＥｘｐｅｒｉｍｅｎｔａｌＳｔｕｄｙｏｎＡｎｔｉ－ｔｕｍｏｒＥｆｆｅｃｔｏｆＳｐｌｅｎｏｃｙｔｅｓＩｎｄｕｃｅｄｂｙＡｎｔｉ－ＣＤ３ＭｃＡｂ，ＰＨＡａｎｄＩＬ－２￥ＳＨＥＮＧｕａｎ－ｘｉｎ，ＷＡＮＧＸｉａｏ－ｌｉ...     

Neue Entwicklungen in der systemischen Psoriasistherapie

The current standard systemic therapeutic modalities for psoriasis have many potential side effects. Progress made in the understanding of the pathophysiology of psoriasis as a T‐cell‐mediated dermatosis provide options for new more precise therapeutic approaches. These immunological therapeutic strategies involve the inhibition/depletion of activated T‐lymphocytes, the inhibition of antigen presentation and thus the regulation of T‐cell activation, the inhibition of adhesion of inflammatory cells, the inhibition of effects of proinflammatory mediators and the administration of antiinflammatory cytokines. This article summarizes these new systemic therapeutic approaches. Clinical results in the early studies have been mixed. In the next years further results of phase II‐ and phase III‐studies may be expected, which should allow better assessment of the potential of those particular approaches. Some of these approaches could lead to the approval of new drugs to treat psoriasis and to enhance or replace already existing therapeutic options. Furthermore results of therapeutic experiments should contribute to a better understanding of the disease. As we learn which mechanisms are more or less important for the disease, we will be better able to plan intervention strategies.     

Natural killer cell activity and CSF monoamine metabolites in suicide attempters

The aim of this study was to investigate markers of serotonin and immune function in suicidal patients. Cytotoxic activity of natural killer cells (NK) and CD16 lymphocytes were studied in 28 suicide attempters and 26 healthy controls, and related in patients to 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid (5-HIAA) in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). Patients with CSF 5-HIAA below the median had significantly lower NK cell activity than other patients. CD16 cell frequency was significantly lower in patients than in controls, and patients also tended to have lower NK cell cytotoxicity than healthy controls. There were no statistically significant correlations between 4-hydroxy-3methoxyphenyl glycol (HMPG), homovanillic acid (HVA), CSF cortisol and NK cell activity. The results support the hypothesis of compromised immune function in suicidal patients with evidence of disordered serotonin function.     

Antimutagenic activities of naturally occurring polyamines in Chinese hamster ovary cells in vitro

Spermine and spermidine, ubiquitous polyamines present in bacteria and animal cells, are also involved in cell growth. Since they interact with the double helix, they can stabilize the DNA molecule. Recent evidence of the antimutagenic and anticarcinogenic capacity of spermine has focused attention on the mechanism(s) by which such agents can protect cells from induced damages. In the present paper we show the ability of spermine and spermidine to decrease the level of sister chromatid exchanges induced in Chinese hamster ovary cells cultivated in vitro, by treating them with Psoralen + UVA irradiation (able to induce mainly monoadducts and DNA cross-links). Two different mechanisms of polyamine action can be invoked to explain the preservative activity of this class of agents.     

亮氨酸脑啡肽对脂多糖促血管平滑肌细胞增殖效应的抑制作用

观察亮氨酸脑啡肽和脂多糖对血平滑肌细胞增殖的影响，并观察两者之间的相互作用及阿片受体阻滞剂纳洛酮的影响，方法：实验以离体培养的ＳＤ大鼠胸主动脉ＶＳＭＣ为模型。     

Ventrally emigrating neural tube cells migrate into the developing vestibulocochlear nerve and otic vesicle

Virtually all cell types in the inner ear develop from the cells of the otic vesicle. The otic vesicle is formed by the invagination of non-neural ectodermal cells known as the otic placode. We investigated whether a recently described cell population, originating from the ventral part of the hindbrain neural tube known as the ventrally emigrating neural tube (VENT) cells, also contributes cells to the otic vesicle. The ventral hindbrain neural tube cells were labeled with the fluorescent vital dye DiI or replication-deficient retroviruses containing the LacZ gene in chick embryos on embryonic day 2, after the emigration of neural crest from this region. One day later, the labeled cells were detected only in the hindbrain neural tube. Shortly thereafter, the labeled cells began to appear in the eighth (vestibulocochlear) cranial nerve and otic vesicle. From embryonic day 3.5-5, the labeled cells were detected in the major derivatives of the otic vesicle, i.e. the endolymphatic duct, semicircular canals, utricle, saccule, cochlea, and vestibulocochlear ganglion. That the emigrated cells originated from the ventral part of the hindbrain neural tube was confirmed by focal application of DiI impregnated filter paper and with quail chimeras. It is concluded that, in addition to the otic placode cells, the otic vesicle also contains the ventrally emigrating neural tube cells, and that both cell populations contribute to the structures and cell types in the inner ear. It is well known that inductive signals from the hindbrain are required for the morphogenesis of the inner ear. The migration of the hindbrain neural tube cells into the otic vesicle raises the possibility that the inductive effect of the hindbrain might be mediated, at least in part, by the ventrally emigrating neural tube cells and that, therefore, a mechanism exists that involves cells rather than diffusible molecules only.     

Induction of type II collagen-specific antibody production in blood lymphocyte cultures of rhesus monkeys (Macaca mulatta) with collagen-induced arthritis using the immobilized native antigen.

Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) from Rhesus monkeys previously immunized with bovine type II collagen to induce arthritis were cultured with the same antigen. Because the native protein is poorly soluble in culture medium a heating step is often used. The antigen in this form induced PBMC proliferation, but epitopes for the induction of antibody production and arthritis were lost. To keep the native protein intact it was coated on affigel beads. With the immobilized antigen specific antibody production could be induced.