Cerebral oxygenation monitor during head-up and -down tilt using near-infrared spatially resolved spectroscopy

Reflectance near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) has become a suitable and easily manageable method to monitor cerebral oxygenation changes in presyncopal and syncopal symptoms caused by postural changing or standing. A new clinical tissue oxygenation monitor has been recently developed which measures absolute tissue haemoglobin saturation (Tissue Oxygenation Index, TOI) utilizing spatially resolved spectroscopy (SRS). The present study examined the effects of postural changes on cerebral oxygenation as reflected in SRS-NIRS findings. Cerebral oxyhaemoglobin (O2Hb), deoxyhaemoglobin (HHb), and the TOI were recorded from both sides of the forehead in five healthy male subjects (age range, 28-40 years) during 90 degrees head-up tilt (HUT) and -6 degrees head-down tilt (HDT). Three series of measurements were carried out on separate days. O2Hb was decreased during HUT. TOI was significantly lower in HUT than in the supine position (SUP). There was no significant change in TOI during HDT. A significant session effect was observed in the left forehead TOI during SUP, but not in the right. SRS-NIRS measurements confirmed sub-clinical alterations of cortical oxygenation during HUT. NIRS data from the left side of the forehead, which may vary with cognitive or emotional activation, were more variable than those from the right side.     

均匀设计法对大承气汤泻下作用的实验研究

用均匀设计分析大承气汤的配伍规律,发现大黄、芒硝和厚朴是其泻下作用的主要成分,枳实在诸多方面作用不强。大黄和厚朴可明显增加小鼠排便数并明显提高大鼠大肠的推进速率。厚朴、芒硝可明显提高小鼠肠套叠的解除率,大黄作用相对弱些。大黄芒硝可明显减少小鼠有形粪便排出量,但却明显提高大鼠大肠推进速率,增加腹泻小鼠的数量,并明显扩张小鼠小肠容积     

乳香诱导急性非淋巴细胞白血病细胞凋亡中对Bcl-2基因调节

研究乳香诱导急性非淋巴细胞白血病细胞凋亡中对Bcl-2基因蛋白的影响。采用DNA片段百分率及免疫组化法检测30例急性非淋巴细胞白血病细胞及白血病细胞株HL60细胞经100μg/ml乳香处理前、后Bcl-2基因蛋白表达水平。结果：乳香具有诱导急性非淋巴细胞白血病细胞及HL60细胞凋亡^[1]及下调Bcl-2基因蛋白表达水平。结论：乳香具有诱导急性非淋巴细胞白血病细胞及HL60细胞凋亡作用及下调Bcl-2基因蛋白。Bcl-2基因蛋白表达水平下调可能是乳香提取物诱导急性非淋巴细胞白血病细胞凋亡重要机制之一。     

生长激素促分泌素受体基因敲除小鼠胚胎干细胞的建立

目的建立生长激素促分泌素受体（ghrelin receptor，GHS-R）基因敲除小鼠胚胎干细胞（ES细胞）杂合子模型，为研究GHS—R基因的功能奠定基础。方法用TK-neo置换原X-pPNT载体的PGK—neo构建目标载体。以小鼠基因组DNA为模板，用PCR方法扩增2条同源臂，将其按照一定方向装入含有TK—neo的X—pPNT载体，并测序鉴定。载体线性化及纯化后电穿孔转染小鼠ES细胞，用G418和更昔洛韦（Gancyclovir）对电穿孔转染后的ES细胞进行正、负筛选培养，得到双药抗性ES细胞，克隆后抽提基因组DNA，分别用PCR方法鉴定2条同源臂，并测序确定成功同源重组的ES细胞克隆。结果改建X—pPNT载体成功，PCR获得2条同源臂片段，测序正确，并按一定方向装入打靶载体，ES细胞转染后经双药筛选得到328个阳性ES细胞克隆，PCR及测序鉴定证实3个克隆发生同源重组。结论本研究成功获得了GHS-R（-／＋）杂合子小鼠ES细胞克隆，为进一步通过显微注射及杂交育种获得GHS—R基因敲除小鼠打下了基础。     

21d头低位卧床对人体左心舒张功能的影响

目的观察模拟失重条件对人体左心舒张功能的影响 ,探讨其在航天后心血管功能失调中的作用。方法采用超声多谱勒技术观察了 6名健康青年男性在 2 1d - 6°头低卧位模拟失重前、实验第 1 0、2 1天及实验后左心舒张功能变化 ,同时检查其卧床前后的立位耐力改变。结果被试者左心舒张功能指标 :经二尖瓣血流E峰最大流速 (PEV)、A峰最大流速 (PAV)、E峰血流速度积分 (VTIE)指标在实验第1 0、2 1天均较实验前有明显的降低 (P <0 .0 5 ) ;而A峰血流速度积分 (VTIA) ,峰值血流速度比值 (A/E)及血流速度积分比值 (VTIA/E)的下降则未达到显著水平 (P >0 .0 5 )。 6名被试者均未能通过立位耐力检查。结论模拟失重可引起人体左心舒张功能的显著下降     

头低位卧床对眼内压、近视力、视野的影响及其中药防护

目的观察头低位卧床模拟失重对人体眼压、视野、近视力的影响 ,及中药对抗模拟失重的效果。方法 1 0名被试者随机分成对照组和中药组 ,用头低位 - 6° 2 1d卧床模拟失重 ,分别于卧床前、中、后测量两组被试者眼内压、近视力及视野。结果眼内压及近视力在卧床期间呈波动下降趋势 ,两者间存在一定相关性 ;中心视野变化无显著性 ;服中药可在一定程度上防止近视力下降。结论 1 )头低位卧床可引起眼压、近视力下降 ;2 )服中药可在一定程度上对抗模拟失重对近视力的不良影响     

小鼠Leydig肿瘤细胞膜受体LHR减量调节中受体基因转录变化及其机制

膜受体的减量调节是受体在转导跨膜信号的同时，其数目呈进行性下降的一种细胞生物学行为。本文运用ＲＴＣＲ、放免分析及“ｒｕｎｏｎ”等技术研究小鼠Ｌｅｙｄｉｇ 细胞株ＬＨ 受体（ＬＨＲ） 减量调节过程中ＬＨＲ ｍＲＮＡ 水平变化及其调控机制。结果揭示，在ｈＣＧ作用后ＬＨＲ 减量调节的过程中，ＬＨＲｍＲＮＡ 水平发生了“升高降低”的变化，这种变化是ＬＨＲ基因转录活性的变化决定的，与ＬＨＲｍＲＮＡ 的降解无关，ｃＡＭＰ 以“正相关”的方式调控着ＬＨＲ基因的转录速率。     

Altered ischemic cerebral injury in mice lacking αIE subunit of the voltage—dependent Ca^2＋ channel

Abstract:Abstract: Objective ①To set up a stable and reproducible focal cerebral infarct model in mice;②To examine theinolvement of aIE subunit of voltage-dependent Ca~(2+ )channel in cerebral ischemic injury. Methods Male C57BL/6J Jclmice 8 -12w and F4-F6α_(IE )subunit of Ca~(2+) channel mutant mice were both used in this study. All animals were allowedto freely access to food and water before and after operation. Animals were anesthetized with pentobarbital sodium 60mg/kg,ip. Rectal temperature was continuously monitored before, during and after operation, and maintained at (36.6±