Alterations in cardiac oxygen consumption under chronic pressure overload

Summary Hypertension and resulting left ventricular hypertrophy was induced in young male Wistar rats (60 to 70 days old) by narrowing of one renal artery (Goldblatt II). 8 and 24 weeks after operation, myocrdial oxygen consumption was measured on a modified in situ heart-lung preparation with nearly isovolumetric left ventricular contractions. Measured myocardial oxygen consumption was related to left ventricular wall stress. The myosin isoenzyme pattern of each heart was determined with pyrophosphate gel electrophoresis.Oxygen consumption related to wall stress averaged over the entire heart cycle amounted to 15 moles O₂/g·min 8 weeks after operation, and 24.4 moles O₂/g·min in age-matched controls ( 38%, p<0.0005). When wall stress was averaged over systole, oxygen consumption of the hypertrophied hearts amounted to 0.112 moles O₂/g·beat, and 0.149 moles O₂/g·beat in the controls ( 25%, p<0.05). The proportion of VM-3 (the cardiac myosin isoenzyme of lowest ATPase activity) increased from 26.3% in the controls to 30.1% in the Goldblatt hearts ( 14%, n.s.).24 weeks after operation, oxygen consumption related to wall stress averaged over the entire heart cycle amounted to 16.1 moles O₂/g·min, in age-matched controls 20.5 moles O₂/g·min ( 21%, p<0.05). When wall stress was averaged over systole, oxygen consumption of the Goldblatt hearts amounted to 0.080 moles O₂/g·beat, and in the controls 0.107 moles O₂/g·beat ( 25%, p<0.005). The proportion of VM-3 increased from 33.5% in the controls to 43.2% in the hypertrophied hearts ( 29%, p<0.05).The present findings indicate that the reduced oxygen consumption of the pressure-loaded heart should be attributed to a redistribution of myosin isoenzymes. The transformation of myocardium into a slower, but more efficiently working muscle due to an increase in VM-3 can be interpreted as an adaptational process.Supported by the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft     

脑梗死患者心电图与血浆肌酸激酶-同工酶活性变化

目的探讨不同部位大脑半球脑梗死患者心电图与血浆肌酸激酶-同工酶(CK-MB)活性的变化.方法检测156例首发急性大脑半球脑梗死患者的心电图和血浆CK-MB活性,分析比较不同部位大脑半球梗死患者的心电图和血浆CK-MB活性变化.结果右侧岛叶脑梗死患者快速心律失常和QTc延长发生率显著增加,左侧岛叶脑梗死患者ST段上升或下降显著增加,其他各种心电图改变各组间无明显区别.血浆CK-MB活性升高亦主要见于岛叶梗死患者,血浆CK-MB活性升高者心电图异常发生率明显增加,预后更差.结论造成心电图异常和血浆CK-MB活性升高的大脑半球脑梗死部位主要是岛叶,对影响到岛叶的脑硬死患者应加强心肌保护和心脏监护.     

Human, rabbit, bovine, and porcine creatine kinase isoenzymes are glycoproteins

Human, rabbit, bovine, and porcine creatine kinase (CK) isoenzyme preparations were extensively purified by isoelectric focusing and high-performance liquid chromatography and tested for the presence of carbohydrate. In this study, all the CK isoenzymes demonstrated positive periodic acid-Schiff (PAS) reactions, indicating the presence of carbohydrate. It is concluded that CK is a glycoprotein as a carbohydrate, associated with the M subunit of human, rabbit, bovine, and porcine isoenzymes. Also, carbohydrate is an integral part of the B subunit of both rabbit brain and porcine heart CK. Loss of carbohydrate may be important in enzyme catabolism, yielding a pool of circulating modified CK protein that, to date, has remained undetected by traditional methods.     

手足口病患儿治疗前后超敏C反应蛋白和肌酸激酶同工酶的变化及临床意义

目的观察手足口病患儿治疗前后超敏C反应蛋白(hs-CRP)的变化并探讨其临床意义。方法分别检测30例健康儿童、89例手足口病患儿治疗前和治疗7d后hs-CRP和肌酸激酶同工酶(CK-MB)水平。结果手足口病患儿组与健康对照组比较,治疗前hs-CRP和CK-MB升高差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。经综合治疗7d后hs-CRP下降明显,与治疗前比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.01),而CK-MB变化无统计学意义。结论 hs-CRP是手足口病敏感而非特异的早期诊断指标,治疗前后检测对比可指导临床疗效判断。     

曲美他嗪对非体外循环冠脉搭桥术患者CK—MB、cTnI及hs—CRP的影响

【目的】观察曲美他嗪对非体外循环冠状动脉旁路移植术（OPCAB）患者肌酸激酶同工酶（CK—MB）以及心肌肌钙蛋白I（cTnI）和超敏C-反应蛋白（hs—CRP）的影响。【方法】将本院103择期行0PCAB的冠心病患者随机分为曲美他嗪组（52例）和对照组（51例）。分别于术前、术后6h、术后12h和术后24h抽取静脉血,测定血清CK—MB、cTnI及hs—CRP。【结果】两组患者临床特征及桥血管情况差异无统计学意义。两组术前CK—MB、cTnI及hs—CRP比较,差异无统计学意义。曲美他嗪组cK—MB、cTnI在术后6h、12h、24h明显低于对照组（P〈0．01）。曲美他嗪组hs—CRP在术后12h和24h明显低于对照组（P〈0．01或P〈0．05）。【结论】曲美他嗪可明显降低OPCAB患者CK—MB、cTnI和hs—CRP的释放。     

Genetic structuring and differentiation of Echinococcus multilocularis in Slovakia assessed by sequencing and isoenzyme studies

Summary Nucleotide sequencing of the mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase subunit 1 (CO1) gene and isoenzyme analysis were used to survey the genetic variability in Echinococcus multilocularis populations from Slovakia. A sample of 12 isolates acquired from 10 different districts from red foxes exhibited identical sequences. Compared with the previously described E. multilocularis variants, one base substitution was consistently observed relative to the M1 variant (detected in China, Alaska, North America, Japan) and three base substitutions were recorded relative to the M2 variant (detected in Germany) in the CO1 fragment. These data, along with the recently gathered data from French isolates, are indicative of a genetically unique population occurring in Central and Western Europe. Electrophoretic examination of enzymes produced by 14 gene loci revealed intraspecific polymorphism only with the glucose-phosphate isomerase (two distinct patterns) and the mannosephosphate isomerase (four genotypes composed of three alleles) enzyme systems. To allow a fast species differentiation of E. multilocularis and E. granulosus (specifically, the G7 genotype occurring in Slovakia), discriminative electrophoretic characters between the species were obtained by isoenzyme analysis. Fixed genetic differences between the species were detected in the glucose-phosphate isomerase, esterase and aldolase systems, and partial differences were detected in four additional systems.     

Geographic and temporal genetic patterns of Aedes aegypti populations in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil

Rio de Janeiro is considered as the most important entry point for dengue viruses in Brazil. Using isoenzyme markers, we investigated the genetic structure of the mosquito vector Aedes aegypti sampled at three-month intervals in 14 districts in Rio de Janeiro from December 2002 to December 2003. We detected high levels of genetic differentiation (i.e. high F(ST) values and significant P values), which tended to persist throughout the year. The species does not take advantage of routes and railways to disperse. Genetic structuring was higher in the rainy season, suggesting low dispersion of Ae. aegypti at this time of year when all dengue epidemics have been reported in the city.     

血清ALP和LDH两种同工酶在不同组织学类型胃癌时的变化

本文对不同组织学类型的胃癌的血清标本进行了碱性磷酸酶（ALP）同工酶实验研究。结果表明：管状腺癌和乳头状腺癌患者血清有异常的碱性磷酸酶同工酶表达，并发现血清中乳酸脱氢酶（LD）同工酶的LD3和LD5的升高与胃癌的淋巴结转移和肝转移密切相关。     

甲乙型肝炎血清MAO同工酶活性变化研究

用荧光分光光度法检测了血清单胺氧化酶（ＭＡＯ）同工酶Ａ（ＭＡＯ－Ａ）和同工酶Ｂ（ＭＡＯ－Ｂ）活性，结果表明血清ＭＡＯ－Ｂ活性急性期甲肝组较正常对照组显著升高，慢性期乙肝极显著升高；二型肝炎组的ＭＡＯ－Ａ活性升高程度无统计学意义。二型肝炎ＭＡＯ同工酶活性改变与其它肝功生化指标无明显相关性，表现血清ＭＡＯ同工酶活性与肝功损害程度不相关。     

小柴胡汤及其寒热减方对结肠癌细胞增殖、脂肪及碱性磷酸酶的影响

目的:观察小柴胡汤及其寒热减方对HCT116结肠癌细胞增殖、脂肪及碱性磷酸酶的影响,探讨其作用机制。方法:分别取小柴胡汤、小柴胡汤去柴胡、小柴胡汤去黄芩、小柴胡汤去半夏、小柴胡汤去生姜煎液不同质量浓度(0.5,1.0,1.5 g·L-1)培养HCT116细胞,另设不加药空白组和秋水仙碱(1.0,2.5,10.0μmol·L-1)组。采用噻唑蓝(MTT)比色法检测HCT116细胞的增殖活力,苏丹红Ⅳ染色法检测脂肪,碱性磷酸酶试剂盒检测酶活性,热稳定实验区分组织特异性碱性磷酸酶和组织非特异性碱性磷酸酶(TNAP),肠型碱性磷酸酶特异抑制剂(L-苯丙氨酸)抑制实验,区分组织特异性碱性磷酸酶中的肠碱性磷酸酶(IAP)。结果:与空白组比较,小柴胡汤及其寒热减方对HCT116结肠癌细胞增殖均有不同程度的抑制作用,小柴胡汤的抑制作用更明显,秋水仙碱组细胞抑制作用最为明显。空白组脂肪累积细胞率显著高于小柴胡汤及其寒热减方5组(P0.01),小柴胡汤组脂肪累积细胞率最低(P0.05),小柴胡汤去柴胡组脂肪累积细胞率显著低于小柴胡汤去半夏组和小柴胡汤去生姜组(P0.01),小柴胡汤去黄芩组脂肪累积细胞率显著低于小柴胡汤去半夏组和小柴胡汤去生姜组(P0.01),秋水仙碱组无脂肪累积。小柴胡汤及其寒热减方5组细胞内IAP酶活性高于TNAP活性(P0.01);培养液中TNAP酶活性高于IAP酶活性(P0.01)。小柴胡汤去柴胡组细胞内IAP酶活性高于小柴胡汤去半夏组和小柴胡汤去生姜组,小柴胡汤去黄芩组细胞内IAP酶活性高于小柴胡汤去半夏组和小柴胡汤去生姜组(P0.01);在培养液中,小柴胡汤去半夏组和小柴胡汤去生姜组TNAP酶活性均高于小柴胡汤去柴胡组(P0.05)和小柴胡汤去黄芩组。结论:小柴胡汤及其寒热减方均抑制HCT116癌细胞增殖,小柴胡汤寒热并用全方抑制作用最强。寒药减方与热药减方对脂肪累积和碱性磷酸酶的影响不同。小柴胡汤中寒药和热药并用,分别作用于TNAP和IAP,调节脂肪转运代谢,从而抑制癌细胞生长。