Human middle latency auditory evoked magnetic fields

Summary The magnetic equivalents of SN10, Po, Na, Pa, Nb and Pb (SN10m, Pom, Nam, Pam, Nbm and Pbm) in short and middle latency auditory evoked potentials were measured with a 7-channel DC superconducting quantum interference device (SQUID). The sources of Pom, Nam, Pam, Nbm and Pbm responses were estimated to be located in the auditory cortex, while the source of SN10m was considered to be in a deeper part of the brain. In addition, the source of Pam was estimated to be in the vicinity of the moving N100m source. The source of Pbm was considered to be in a separate area, anterior to the source of Pam and N100m, which suggested that the source of Pam was located in the primary auditory cortex, while the source of Pbm was located in the secondary auditory cortex. The source of N100m was considered to spread from the primary auditory cortex to the secondary auditory cortex.     

浅析M波潜伏期及波幅变化在Bell麻痹中的意义

目的：研究面神经运动诱发电位（ M波）潜伏期及波幅对Bell麻痹的诊断价值。方法对65例Bell麻痹患者在发病10 d内进行患侧和健侧面神经M波检测,比较两侧M波潜伏期及波幅的变化,并进行M波潜伏期与波幅的相关性分析。结果面神经颧支 M 波潜伏期健患侧分别是（1.71±0.06）ms 和（1.86±0.05）ms（P ﹥0.05）,波幅健患侧分别是（4.55±0.10）μV和（3.40±0.20）μV（P﹤0.01）;颊支M波潜伏期健患侧分别是（1.92±0.08）ms和（2.17±0.09）ms（P﹤0.05）,波幅健患侧分别是（3.78±0.24）μV和（2.93±0.24）μV（P﹤0.05）。M波潜伏期与波幅相关性分析：颧支患侧r＝     

The comparison of effects of processed Aconiti tuber, U50488H and MK-801 on the antinociceptive tolerance to morphine

In the previous studies, we demonstrated that an oriental herbal medicine, processed Aconiti tuber (PAT), at subanalgesic doses could inhibit or reverse the antinociceptive tolerance to morphine. In the present study, we compared the effect of PAT, trans-(+/-)-3,4-dichloro-N-methyl-N-(2-(1-pyrrolidin)cyclohexyl)-benzeneacetamide methane sulfonate hydrate (U50488H), a selective kappa opioid receptor (KOR) agonist, and (-)-5-methyl-10,11-dihydro-5H-dibenzo[a,d]cyclohepten-5,10-imine-maleate (MK-801), a N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor antagonist, on the antinociceptive tolerance to morphine in the same experimental condition. Mice received subcutaneous morphine (10 mg/kg), and oral PAT at a subanalgesic dose (0.3 g/kg for mechanical or 1.0 g/kg for thermal test), or intraperitoneal U50488H at a subanalgesic dose (3 mg/kg), or MK-801 at a subanalgesic dose (0.1 mg/kg) once daily for 14 days. The mechanical nociceptive threshold was measured before, and at 60 min by tail pressure testing, and thermal nociceptive latency was measured before, and at 30 min by hot plate testing, after daily morphine injections. PAT and U50488H could not only inhibit the development of morphine tolerance but also reverse the already-developed morphine tolerance, while MK-801 could only inhibit the development of morphine tolerance but not reverse the already-developed morphine tolerance, in both mechanical and thermal nociceptive tests. These data suggested that PAT, an indirect-acting KOR agonist, share the common pharmacological property of KOR agonists on morphine tolerance, and that PAT may be superior to some NMDA receptor antagonists which do not reverse already-developed morphine tolerance.     

蚓状肌-骨间肌法对腕管综合征的诊断作用

目的:探讨蚓状肌-骨间肌法对腕管综合征(CTS)的诊断作用.方法:临床症状和体征符合CTS的患者55例(84侧)和年龄性别匹配的正常对照组50例(50侧).采用蚓状肌-骨间肌法测定蚓状肌(2L)和骨间肌(Ⅰ)潜伏期(DML)及其差值(2LIDMLD),并与正常对照组比较.此外常规记录患者正中神经和尺神经的感觉、运动传导速度.结果:正常对照组和CTS组2LIDMLD平均值及范围分别为0.13±0.07ms、1.07±0.55ms,CTS组与正常对照组比较,差异有显著性意义(P<0.01).蚓状肌-骨间肌法和常规的正中神经感觉传导速度(SCV)检测CTS,阳性率分别为85.71%和63.09%.结论:2LIDMLD是诊断CTS的敏感的的电生理指标,蚓状肌-骨间肌法为一种快捷方便、诊断敏感的神经电生理检测方法.     

抑郁症患者关联性负变(CNV)实验研究

目的: 探讨抑郁症患者关联性负变(CNV)的特点,为探讨抑郁症的发病机制及抑郁症患者的诊断提供电生理依据.方法: 应用NeuroScan公司32导ERP工作站,记录10例抑郁症患者和17例正常人的CNV.结果: ①抑郁症患者反应时间比正常对照组明显延长;②抑郁症组CNV潜伏期A点较正常对照组延迟,CNV平均波幅和PINV平均波幅均显著低于正常对照组;③抑郁症组P2波幅较正常对照组明显增高.结论: 本研究结果从脑电生理方面支持了抑郁症的认知理论,为探讨抑郁症患者诊断的客观指标提供了依据.     

慢性乙醇中毒大鼠中枢氨基酸类递质及行为学改变的研究

目的观察慢性乙醇中毒对大鼠海马、小脑氨基酸类神经递质及行为学改变的影响,以探讨慢乙醇中毒对中枢群经系统损害的机制。方法雄性Wistar大鼠28只,随机分为对照组和实验组。实验组用60％（V／V）白酒灌胃12周,第1周每天给酒5ml／kg,1次灌胃,第2周至第3周每天给酒10ml／kg,分2次灌胃,第4周每天给酒15ml／kg,分3次灌胃,至第12用,同时给子低浓度（体积分数0．1—0．2）的乙醇随意饮用;对照组用等量生理盐水灌胃。采用高效液相色谱法和Morris水迷宫法分别检测大鼠小脑和海马中谷氨酸（glutamic acid,Glu）和γ-氨基丁酸（gamma aminobutyric acid,GABA）含量的变化以及逃逸潜伏期（escape latency,EL）的变化。结果实验组大鼠小脑和海马中Glu的含量较对照组明显降低（P〈0．01）,小脑的GABA的含量明显减少（P〈0．05）,海马的GABA含量显著减少（P〈0．01）,且小脑和海马中Glu和GABA的比值分别显著升高（P〈0．01）和明显升高（P〈0．05）。对照组和实验组大鼠的EL值随水迷宫测试次数的增加而逐渐缩短,但实验组大鼠的EL值明显长于对照组（P〈0．05）。结论慢性乙醇中毒引起行为学改变可能与小脑和海马氨基酸类神经递质改变有关。     

儿童胫后神经刺激的体感诱发电位正常值及其特点

探讨儿童体感诱发电位的正常值。对３０例８－１４岁健康儿童记录和测量了刺激胫扣神经引起的脊髓和皮层ＳＥＰｓ正常值，并计算出胫后神经４ 传导速度。结果１．ＳＥＰＳ各波潜伏期与身高均呈高度正线怀相关，与年龄，体重亦呈正相关，而潜伏期与年龄，体重的正相关是由身高引起的。２．Ｐ４０－Ｎ２０波间期与身高，年龄，体重均无显著相关关系。结论，ＳＥＰＳ潜伏期正常值应按其与身高的回归方程确定，Ｐ４０－Ｎ２０波间期正常     

原发性开角型与闭角型青光眼彩色图形翻转视觉诱发电位的差异

目的：探讨彩色图形翻转视觉诱发电位（color pattern reversal visual evoked potential,CPR-VEP）在原发性开角型及闭角型青光眼中的表现差异。方法：采用法国Metro Vision公司生产的Vision Monitor视觉电生理仪对12例（17眼）原发性开角型青光眼患者（primary open angle glaucoma,POAG）、41例（56眼）原发性闭角型青光眼患者（primary angle closure glaucoma,PACG）和13例健康者（26只眼）在不同时间频率（1,2,4,8,16及32 Hz）及色彩刺激（黑/白,红/绿,蓝/黄）下记录CPR-VEP的变化,比较P100波波幅值和潜伏期值。结果：3组研究对象在3种色彩刺激下CPR-VEP P100波幅随着时间频率的增加而下降;不同色彩刺激下P100潜伏期随着时间频率的增加而逐渐延长。CPR-VEP P100波幅值排列均为：PACG组>NC组>POAG组;黑/白>蓝/黄>红/绿。POAG组和PACG组P100潜伏期值均较NC组延长,但POAG组和PACG组间无统计学差异。结论：PACG和POAG患者的CPR-VEP P100波幅-时间频率曲线具有各自的特点,P100波幅值PACG者较高而POAG者较低,潜伏期均较正常延长。     

纳洛酮对血管性痴呆大鼠学习与记忆能力影响的研究

目的：研究纳洛酮对血管性痴呆大鼠学习与记忆能力的影响。方法：采用结扎大鼠双侧颈总动脉方法，制备血管性痴呆模型后随机分为模型组和治疗组，另设假手术组。治疗组大鼠连续7天腹腔注射纳洛酮后分组对动物进行Morris水迷宫训练。结果：（1）在Morris水迷宫隐匿平台 训练中，假手术组动物的逃避潜伏期最短，治疗组动物 的逃避潜伏期比模型组明显缩短（P＜0．05）；（2）探索实验中假手术组穿越次数最多，治疗组穿越次数又多于模型组（P＜0．05）；（3）可见平台学习中，三组动物 的逃避潜伏期无明显组间差别（P＞0．05）。结论：纳洛酮可明显改善血管性痴呆大鼠的学习记忆能力。     

未足月妊娠胎膜早破的潜伏期、终止妊娠时机及分娩方式对母儿预后的影响

目的探讨分析未足月妊娠胎膜早破的潜伏期、终止妊娠时机及分娩方式对母儿预后的影响。方法回顾性分析该院于2012年4月—2013年8月收治的160例(28~36)+6周为未足月妊娠胎膜早破孕妇的病历资料,依据孕周分为小孕周组和大孕周组,其中小孕周的孕周为(28~34)+6周未足月妊娠胎膜早破孕妇,大孕周为(34~36)+6周未足月妊娠胎膜早破孕妇。结果小孕周组未足月妊娠胎膜早破孕妇新生儿并发症发生率明显高于大孕周未足月妊娠胎膜早破孕妇新生儿并发症的发生率。小孕周组未足月妊娠胎膜早破孕妇的潜伏期时间大于大孕周组未足月妊娠胎膜早破孕妇潜伏期,小孕周组和大孕周组新生儿的并发症发生率和孕妇未足月妊娠胎膜早破的潜伏期进行比较,P<0.05,差异有统计学意义。小孕周组和大孕周组未足月妊娠胎膜早破孕妇的产褥感染发生率以及产后的出血量进行比较,P>0.05,差异无统计学意义,具有可比性。同时未足月妊娠胎膜早破孕妇新生儿的分娩方式对新生儿预后无明显差异。结论未足月妊娠胎膜早破孕妇的孕周一旦<35周,应及时的治疗,同时>35周的未足月妊娠胎膜早破孕妇应积极的终止妊娠,未足月妊娠胎膜早破孕妇新生儿的分娩方式应对产科常规加以遵循。