5种胰岛自身抗体在糖尿病患者血清中检测的临床意义

目的观察酪氨酸磷酸酶抗体(IA-2A)、谷氨酸脱羧酶抗体(GADA)、胰岛细胞抗体64KD(ICA-64KD)、胰岛细胞抗体40KD(ICA-40KD)、胰岛素抗体(IAA)在1型糖尿病(T1DM)、2型糖尿病(T2DM)和健康人群中的阳性检出率并探讨其临床意义。方法采用免疫印迹法检测22例T1DM(T1DM组)、160例T2DM(T2DM组)及20例健康人群(健康对照组)血清中的IA-2A、GADA、ICA-64KD、ICA-40KD和IAA的阳性检出率,并对其结果进行分析。结果 T1DM组IA-2A、GADA、ICA-64KD、ICA-40KD和IAA这5种胰岛自身抗体阳性检出率分别为45.5%、72.7%、45.5%、9.1%和9.1%;T2DM组阳性检出率依次为23.8%、28.8%、8.8%、3.8%、3.8%,健康对照组的这5种胰岛自身抗体阳性检出率均为0%。IA-2A阳性检出率T1DM组高于健康对照组(P=0.002),GADA阳性检出率T1DM组和T2DM组均高于健康对照组(P0.01,P=0.005),T1DM组高于T2DM组(P0.01),ICA-64KD阳性检出率T1DM组高于健康对照组(P=0.002)和T2DM组(P0.01),其余各组间比较差异无统计学意义(P0.017)。结论 GADA和IA-2A对T1DM有诊断价值,GADA对T2DM也有诊断意义,GADA和ICA-64KD对T1DM和T2DM具有鉴别诊断意义。     

Isolation and characterization of Tha p 1, a major allergen from the pine processionary caterpillar Thaumetopoea pityocampa

BACKGROUND: Pine processionary caterpillars induce dermatitis by a toxic-irritative mechanism. The existence of true allergic reactions to allergens from these caterpillars has been recently demonstrated by positive immediate skin prick tests and specific IgE determination by immunoblotting using crude larval extracts. The aim of this work was to purify allergens from the crude larval extract in order to characterize IgE-binding proteins from these caterpillars. METHODS: Allergens were separated by ethanol gradient fractionation and reversed phase HPLC. The N-terminal amino acid sequence of a selected allergen was obtained after SDS-PAGE and transfer. The clinical relevance of this allergen was measured using sera from patients allergic to caterpillar. RESULTS: An allergen with a molecular weight close to 15 kDa was purified. It was recognized by 9 out of 11 allergic patients (82%). Its N-terminal amino acid sequence had no homologies to any other protein already described in data bases. For this reason, no information about its biological function could be obtained. CONCLUSIONS: This 15-kDa IgE-binding protein is a major caterpillar allergen and shows no homologies to other insect allergens already described.     

The heat shock response of Fusobacterium nucleatum

The heat-shock response of the oral Gram-negative bacterium Fusobacterium nucleatum was examined. Different strains of F. nucleatum were grown at 37 C. 42 degrees C and 48 C in the presence of [35S]methionine. Cellular proteins synthesised after shifts to higher temperatures were analysed by SDS-PAGE and autoradiography. Strains ATCC 10953, F1, F3 and Fev1 exhibited heat-shock response, and major proteins were observed at 60, 70 and 90 kDa. but increased protein synthesis was also observed for other proteins. Immunoblot analysis, using a panel of antibodies directed to epitopes on different known heat-shock proteins revealed cross-reactive proteins, indicating homology between Escherichia coli, Mycobacterium leprae and F. nucleatum heat shock proteins.     

高血压左心室肥厚的心率变异与动态血压变异关系探讨

目的 探讨高血压病左心室肥厚的心率变异与动态血压变异的关系，观察自主神经功能改变对高血压预后的影响。方法 应用动态心电图与动态血压监测仪则同时记录患者２４小时的心率与血压变化，并设正常组作对照。结果 相关分析发现高血压病左室肥厚组（以下简称ＬＶＨ组）２４小时正常Ｒ－Ｒ间期的标准差（ＳＤＮＮ）明显减低，与２４小时收缩压变异系数（ＡＢＰＶｓ）呈正相关，相邻正常Ｒ－Ｒ间期差值的均方根值（ｒＭＳＳＤ）减低     

Autoantibodies to DNA topoisomerase II in juvenile rheumatoid arthritis.

Sera from 58 children with juvenile rheumatoid arthritis were examined for the presence of antibodies to DNA topoisomerase II. Eight sera were reactive in immunoblotting with purified human topoisomerase II and a protein encoded by a cloned cDNA expressed in Escherichia coli which represents the carboxy-terminal domain of the human enzyme. In addition, the sera detect topoisomerase II in mitotic chromosomes and chromosome scaffolds. Five of the sera bind to the native enzyme in solution and deplete such solutions of the active enzyme. All eight sera also contain antibodies to nuclear antigens other than topoisomerase II.     

Identification of phosphorylcholine containing antigens of Fasciola hepatica—successful tolerization against this epitope in experimental animals

Phosphorylcholine containing antigens have been identified in the parasite Fasciola hepatica by immunoblotting and ELISA. Immunoblots probed with polyclonal and monoclonal antibodies indicate that the majority of antigens identified in both the immature and mature parasite contain both phosphorylcholine and non-phosphorylcholine epitopes. One antigen of 58 kDa appears to contain predominantly PC epitopes or at least this epitope is the major one responded to by host animals. Successful immunotolerization against the epitope PC was achieved by injecting the PC conjugate, ovalbumin PC, into neonatal rats. Immunotolerization against PC resulted in a 25% reduction in worm burden upon subsequent infection with Fasciola hepatica.     

单克隆抗体J28免疫印渍与花生凝集素印渍检测胚胰腺泡蛋白的比较

20例胚胎胰腺、5例胰腺癌、4例正常胰腺提取物行聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳(SDS-PAGE)、单克隆抗体J28免疫印渍和花生凝集素印渍,结果发现考马斯亮蓝染色后胚胎胰腺和胰腺癌提取物有一相同条带,分子量约为110000,这一条带即是胚胰腺泡蛋白(FAP,它可与单克隆抗体J28和花生凝集素结合,正常胰腺无此条带。花生凝集素还可以和胰腺癌组织中分子量更小的糖蛋白结合,说明FAP分子上有单克隆抗体J28和花生凝集素的不同位点。     

Immunoreactivity to M2 proteins in antimitochondrial antibody-negative patients with primary biliary cirrhosis

Abstract Although antimitochondrial auto-antibodies are characteristically present in the serum of patients with primary biliary cirrhosis (PBC), there is a discrepancy between the positivity for antimitochondrial antibody (AMA) and that for anti-M2 auto-antibody. In an attempt to explain the discrepancy, this study investigates the relationship between the AMA titre, determined by indirect immunofluorescence, and immunoreactivity to four inner mitochondrial membrance proteins (M2 proteins) with molecular weights of 70, 50, 47, and 40 kDa in 129 patients with PBC. Antimitochondrial antibody positivity was identified in 114 (88%) of 129 patients with clinically and histologically confirmed PBC. There were no significant differences between the AMA-negative and AMA-positive groups in clinical characteristics or histologically determined disease stage. Immunoblot analysis showed that all patients had anti-M2 auto-antibodies to one or more of the four M2 proteins. Nine (60%) of the 15 AMA-negative patients had antibodies to only one M2 protein (either 70 or 47 kDa). In contrast, 34 (53%) of the 64 patients with high AMA titres ( 1: 320) had antibodies to all four M2 proteins. There was a significant rank correlation between the AMA titre and the number of antibodies to M2 proteins ( P < 0.01). These findings indicate that the AMA titre is not influenced by the immunogenicity of M2 protein but by the number of M2 proteins that elicit an antibody response and that decreased immunoreactivity to M2 proteins may induce AMA negativity in PBC serum samples.