逍遥散加减方对高催乳激素血症大鼠卵巢颗粒细胞增殖和细胞周期的影响

目的:探讨以肝脾为核心,运用逍遥散加减方治疗高催乳素血症(HPRL)模型大鼠,观察逍遥散加减方对体外培养HPRL大鼠卵巢颗粒细胞增殖及细胞周期的影响。方法:选用SD雌性大鼠120只,随机分为正常组、模型组、阳性药溴隐亭组(1 mg·kg^-1)、逍遥散加减方高、中、低剂量组(55,22.5,13.75 g·kg^-1)。采用ip甲氧氯普胺,制作HPRL大鼠模型。给药30 d后,采用MTT检测各组细胞培养24,48,72,96 h细胞增殖情况;采用流式细胞仪分析细胞周期各时相的变化及细胞凋亡指数。结果:与正常组比较,模型组24,48,72,96 h大鼠卵巢颗粒细胞增殖明显降低,细胞凋亡指数显著增高,S期的细胞增殖明显降低,G₀/G₁期细胞相对比例明显增加(P<0.05);与模型组比较,溴隐亭组、逍遥散加减方高、中、低剂量组明显增加大鼠卵巢颗粒细胞增殖(P<0.05),逍遥散加减方高剂量组降低卵巢细胞凋亡指数,使S期的细胞增殖显著增多,G₀/G₁期细胞相对比例减少(P<0.05),其中加味逍遥散高剂量组的作用与溴隐亭组相近。结论:逍遥散加减方促进卵巢颗粒细胞增殖,降低细胞凋亡指数,其作用机制可能是通过促进颗粒细胞从G₀期向S期转化,増加S期细胞比例完成。     

利培酮合并小剂量阿立哌唑治疗女性精神分裂症对照研究

目的：探讨利培酮联合小剂量阿立哌唑治疗女性精神分裂症的疗效及对泌乳素的影响。方法：70例女性精神分裂症患者随机分为利培酮联合小剂量阿立哌唑治疗组和利培酮治疗组。治疗前及治疗后第2、4、8周末采用PANSS评定临床疗效。采用TESS评定药物不良反应。结果：利培酮联合小剂量阿立哌唑治疗组有效率为85.7%,利培酮组治疗有效率为88.6%,无显著性差异;两组不良反应（包括高泌乳素血症相关的泌乳、闭经）差异无统计学意义。结论：利培酮联合小剂量阿立哌唑治疗女性精神分裂症疗效及耐受性均好,未出现高泌乳血症相关症状,利培酮治疗女性精神分裂症时不必要预防应用阿立哌唑。     

Hyperprolactinemia and hypogonadism in the human female.

Prolactin is a mammotropic hormone essential for the initiation of lactation. It also influences ovarian function; during hyperprolactinemia hypogonadism occurs. This is true for pathological forms of hyperprolactinemia but also for the early puerperium when there is physiological hyperprolactinemia. Amenorrhea is a better parameter of hyperprolactinemia than galactorrhea. The mechanisms by which prolactin disrupts ovarian function are not as yet fully understood; it probably alters hypothalamic neurotransmitter content through a direct feedback mechanism resulting in a decrease of Gn-RH. However, the direct effect of prolactin-producing pituitary tumors on the capacity of the gonadotrophs or a direct interference of prolactin at the gonadal level are also possibilities. Hyperprolactinemia can be treated very effectively with bromocriptine and this drug appears to have become the favorite form of treatment. In the case of obvious tumors hypophysectomy is indicated. When there are smaller tumors irradiation of the pituitary gland previous to bromocriptine treatment may prevent expansion of the gland during subsequent pregnancy.     

A Weaver-like syndrome with endocrinological abnormalities in a boy and his mother

A boy and his mother had dysmorphic features and accelerated growth of prenatal onset suggestive of the Weaver syndrome. Both had endocrinologic abnormalities. The boy had very low, hGH, which did not respond to stimulation. The mother had low, non-stimulate hGH hyperprolactinemia with secondary amenorrhea and galactorrhea. This is the first report of a mother to son transmission of the condition.     

坤安冲服剂对高泌乳素血症小鼠模型子宫发育的影响

目的:观察坤安冲服剂对高泌乳素血症(HPRL)小鼠模型血清泌乳素(PRL)及子宫发育的影响。方法:将40只小鼠随机分为正常对照组10只、模型组30只。模型组以皮下注射灭吐灵的方法造成HPRL小鼠模型,造模成功后将模型组随机分为中药低剂量组和中药高剂量组,分别予不同剂量的坤安冲服剂治疗,治疗结束后于眼眶静脉采血检测造模前后及治疗前后血清PRL水平的变化情况,进行自身前后比较。称取动物体重并处死,观察子宫、卵巢重量指数。结果:模型组造模前后比较,PRL明显上升,差异有非常显著性意义(P<0.01);治疗后中药高剂量组与中药低剂量组血清PRL水平比较,均明显下降,差异有显著性意义(JD<0.05)。模型组小鼠子宫重量指数明显低于正常对照组,中药高剂量组子宫重量指数明显高于中药低剂量组,差异均有显著性意义(P<0.05)。结论:坤安冲服剂可明显降低高HPRL小鼠模型血清PRL水平,提高模型小鼠的子宫重量指数,且治疗效果呈剂量依赖性。     

Melatonin Effects on Prolactin Secretion in Pituitary-Grafted Male Rats

Melatonin influences prolactin (PRL) secretion through unknown mechanisms. This work was undertaken to study the effects of melatonin administration on PRL secretion in pituitary-grafted male rats. Melatonin administration 5 hours before dark resulted in a marked decrease of previously high basal plasma PRL levels in pituitary-grafted rats, whereas a marked increase was detected in sham-operated animals. Vehicle treatment did not modify basal PRL values in grafted or sham-operated animals. Luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone (LHRH) administration resulted in a marked decrease of plasma PRL levels in vehicle-treated, sham-operated or grafted rats, as well as in melatonin-treated sham-operated rats. An increase in PRL levels was shown in grafted rats treated with melatonin. Estradiol benzoate (EB) administration resulted in an increase in plasma PRL levels both in sham-operated and grafted vehicle-treated rats. No PRL response could be detected in sham-operated, melatonin-treated animals after EB administration. In pituitary-grafted animals given melatonin, PRL response to EB administration was slight and delayed. From these data, melatonin appears to modify PRL secretion through multiple complex mechanisms that may depend on the physiological status (hormonal and neurotransmitter) of the animals. A direct effect at the pituitary level altering lactotroph sensitivity seems to be one plausible explanation for the current findings, although an hypothalamic site of action cannot be excluded.     

Cardio-Facio-Cutaneous Syndrome with Precocious Puberty,Growth Hormone Deficiency and Hyperprolactinemia

Cardio-facio-cutaneous (CFC) syndrome is a rare disorder characterized by craniofacial dysmorphia, ectodermal abnormalities, cardiac malformations, as well as growth and developmental delay. Although some endocrine abnormalities have been reported in this syndrome, very little is known about CFC syndrome-related endocrine disorders. A 7.5-year-old boy was admitted to our endocrinology clinic with the complaint of short stature. He had a height of 103 cm [-4 standard deviation (SD)], a weight of 16 kg (<3^th percentile, -1.7 SD), a facial appearance typical for the CFC syndrome, optic nerve hypoplasia and pulmonary stenosis. Genetic investigation revealed a heterozygous mutation in exon 3 of the MEK1 gene, c.389A>G (p. Y130C). During his long-term follow-up, the patient developed a variety of endocrine disorders including precocious puberty, growth hormone deficiency and hyperprolactinemia.     

58周期高泌乳素血症体外受精-胚胎移植的临床研究

目的　探讨高泌乳素对体外受精 -胚胎移植的影响。方法　回顾性分析 5 8周期高泌乳素血症及 5 0周期输卵管因素不孕患者的取卵数、受精率、卵裂率、胚胎种植率、妊娠率及流产率等。结果　两组患者取卵数、受精率、卵裂率、胚胎种植率、妊娠率及流产率均无显著性差异。结论　高泌乳素血症不影响卵巢超促排卵反应 ;与输卵管不孕比较 ,高泌乳素对体外受精 -胚胎移植结果无明显不良影响     

Effect of long-term hyperprolactinemia on the prolactin receptor content of the rat ventral prostate

The rat ventral prostate contains prolactin receptors, and during sexual maturation prolactin stimulates the growth of this gland. The aim of the present investigation was to evaluate whether prolactin is involved in the regulation of the number of its own receptor sites in the rat ventral prostate. To this end, the content of prolactin receptors was estimated in prostate membranes of control and chronically hyperprolactinemic rats both before and after in vitro desaturation with 4 M MgCl2. Hyperprolactinemia resulted in a 40% increase in the number of available prolactin receptors (P less than 0.05). In vitro desaturation of receptors resulted in loss of 84% of protein and 36 +/- 6% and 52 +/- 6% of prolactin receptors from ventral prostate membranes of control and hyperprolactinemic rats respectively (P less than 0.05). We have concluded that the rat ventral prostate membranes are not suited to in vitro desaturation of prolactin receptors with MgCl2. From the increase in the number of available prolactin receptors after hyperprolactinemia we have concluded that prolactin is involved in the regulation of the number of its own receptors in the rat ventral prostate.