重建股骨距的半髋置换治疗高龄股骨转子间不稳定骨折

目的：探讨重建股骨距半髋置换治疗高龄股骨转子间不稳定骨折的疗效。方法对2006年1月～2013年1月我院行重建股骨距半髋置换治疗的高龄股骨转子间骨折30例患者进行回顾性随访分析,其中男性9例,女性21例;年龄70～93岁,平均78岁。采用Harris评分进行临床疗效评估,股骨近端X线片Singh分级指数判断股骨近端骨质疏松改善程度。结果随访6～72个月,平均22个月,所有患者安全度过围手术期,无感染、深静脉血栓形成、脱位、假体松动、假体周围骨折等并发症发生。 Harris髋关节功能评分由术前（21.2±5.6）提高至（86.6±3.8）,Singh 分级从术前（2.3±0.7）级上升至（3±1.0）级（P＜0.05）,临床疗效满意。结论重建股骨距的半髋置换治疗高龄股骨转子间不稳定骨折是一种安全、有效的手术选择。     

Failure of Closed Reduction After Dislocation of Austin Moore Hemiarthroplasty: An Analysis of Risk Factors : A 6-Year Follow-Up Study

The aim of this study was to determine the factors associated with failure of closed reduction of dislocated Austin Moore hemiarthroplasty for subcapital neck of femur fracture. There were 44 (1.8%) cases of dislocation for a 6-year period. There were 28 females and 12 males, and mean age was 85.6 years. Thirty-two patients (80%) had redislocations, and 13 patients (40%) required 2 or more closed reductions. Twenty-eight patients subsequently had a Girdlestone arthroplasty. Dementia and a previous failed closed reduction were associated with a higher failure rate (P = .03 and .04, respectively). Failed close reduction patients also had a higher 6-month mortality rate (P = .04). Closed reduction after Austin Moore hip dislocation has a higher failure rate significantly in patients with dementia and are associated with a higher mortality rate. We believe closed reduction should be avoided in these groups of patients, and Girdlestone procedure was considered after initial first dislocation.     

Distal Humerus Morphological Analysis of Chinese Individuals: A Statistical Shape Modeling Approach

ObjectiveA detailed analysis of the morphology of distal humeral articulation can help in the creation of anatomic prostheses of hemiarthroplasty. This study used statistical shape modeling to evaluate the 3D morphology of the distal humerus in healthy Chinese individuals and to investigate the proper articular morphology differences.MethodsA statistical shape model (SSM) of the distal humerus was created using CT scans of 106 survey‐confirmed nonpathologic elbows. In addition, the articular components of each principal component (PC) were selected and fitted on the mean mode. The Euclidean point‐to‐mesh distance of articular modes was calculated as a measurement the proper change in the morphology of the articulation.ResultsThe first seven PCs jointly accounted for 80.9% of the total variation (44.4%, 12.2%, 7.9%, 5.9%, 4.1%, 3.4% and 3%, respectively). In the mean model, the distance between the medial and lateral epicondyles was 57.4 mm, the width of the articulation was 42.1 mm, and the angle of the transepicondylar line (TEL) and C line was 4.8°. The articular surface differences of the first PC were significant (RMS: 1.43 mm in the −3 SD model and 2.38 mm in the +3 SD model), whereas under other conditions, the differences were not remarkable despite the maximum deformation not exceeding 1 mm.ConclusionA novel method (SSM) was used to evaluate the 3D morphology of the distal humerus in healthy Chinese individuals and investigate the proper articular shape differences. We found the proper shape of articular surface basically transformed into one variation pattern which was relevant to the bone size, even though the morphology of distal humerus possessed complicated variation modes. The findings of this study can be helpful to design the next generation of elbow hemiarthroplasty in the future.     

Early lateral migration of head after bipolar hemiarthoplasty in a cerebral palsy patient

Migration of the outer head after bipolar hemiarthroplasty within several years after surgery is not a rare complication. We present a patient with cerebral palsy who showed lateral migration of the outer head seven months after bipolar hemiarthroplasty for femoral neck fracture. The patient had no acetabular pathology prior to the fracture, and lacked ambulatory ability in a community setting. She underwent conversion to a total hip arthroplasty and returned to her previous lifestyle.     

Platform systems in shoulder arthroplasty

A platform system for shoulder arthroplasty can include a convertible modular humeral stem and/or a metal-backed glenoid component to facilitate straightforward conversion from either a hemiarthroplasty or anatomic total shoulder arthroplasty to a subsequent anatomic total shoulder arthroplasty, or more frequently, reverse total shoulder arthroplasty without any revision to the stem and/or glenoid baseplate. Recent studies have demonstrated a decreased rate of intraoperative humeral fracture, complications, and blood loss when a platform system is used and the humeral stem is not exchanged during revision arthroplasty. Future studies with larger patient cohorts are necessary to truly evaluate the potential value and limitations of this technology.     

Proximal femoral nail shows better concordance of gait analysis between operated and uninjured limbs compared to hemiarthroplasty in intertrochanteric femoral fractures

PurposeThe purpose of this study was to compare the results of pedobarographic gait analysis between the patients treated by proximal femoral nail or bipolar partial hemiarthroplasty due to intertrochanteric fractures.MethodsThirty-seven patients with a minimum 1-year follow-up who had been operated for intertrochanteric fractures were evaluated clinically, radiologically and with pedobarographic gait analysis. Proximal femoral nail had been performed to 21 patients (group A), whilst 16 patients had been operated by partial bipolar hemiarthroplasty (group B). Pedobarographic analysis was performed by measuring plantar pressure, force and contact area values in both static and dynamic manner. Pedobarographic results of operated limb were compared among groups. Same data's also were compared between operated and uninjured limbs in each group to determine any asymmetry on weight-bearing.ResultsAverage follow-up period in group A and group B was 36 (12–56) and 30 (12–48) months, respectively. There were no statistically significant differences among groups in terms of age, gender, body mass index, type and side of fracture, follow-up period, leg length discrepancy and postoperative hip scores. When the pedobarographic results of operated limb were compared, group B showed much more plantar force and pressure values than group A, on both static and dynamic evaluations. If the evaluation was taken into consideration to comparison of pedobarographic results between operated and uninjured limbs in each group, we found asymmetry in static load bearing, caused by higher load on uninjured limb in both groups. However, there was no statistically significant asymmetry between operated and uninjured limbs in respect to dynamic pedobarographic parameters for patients in group A. On the contrary, operated limbs in group B exposed much more plantar force and pressure values than uninjured limbs, which indicated asymmetric weight-bearing on dynamic evaluation.ConclusionsAssessment of pedobarographic parameters can be another way of measuring the results of treatment in intertrochanteric fractures. Uninjured limbs of patients expose much more loading than operated limbs in postoperative static evaluation for both treatment options. However in dynamic evaluation, there is a better concordance of gait analysis between both limbs in patients operated by proximal femoral nail.     

老年骨质疏松性股骨粗隆间骨折的治疗经验

目的 回顾性分析应用人工股骨头置换及动力髋螺钉系统（dynamic hip screw,DHS）治疗老年骨质疏松性粗隆间骨折,总结该类患者治疗经验。方法选取第四军医大学西京医院骨科2007年1月至2009年12月老年骨质疏松性粗隆间骨折病例103例,其中采用DHS术式71例;采用人工关节置换32例;记录手术时间、术中出血量,术后并发症,骨折愈合情况,术后髋关节Harris功能评分。结果DHS组平均手术时间（96．7±8．6）min,平均出血量（317．7±26．5）ml,术后Harris髋关节功能评分,优32例,良26例,可6例,差7例,优良率81．7％;人工股骨头置换组手术时间平均（107．0±12．8）min,手术出血量平均（335．34-28．1）m1,术后Harris髋关节功能评分：优10例,良14例,可2例,差1例,优良率88．9％。结论结合抗骨质疏松治疗,只要适应证选择恰当,DHS及人工股骨头置换均为老年骨质疏松性粗隆间骨折的有效治疗手段,中短期疗效满意。     

Increased Complications and Cost Associated With Hip Arthroplasty for Femoral Neck Fracture: Evaluation of 576,119 Medicare Patients Treated With Hip Arthroplasty

BackgroundThe benefit of total hip arthroplasty (THA) for treatment of osteoarthritis (OA) and femoral neck fractures (FNFs) in the geriatric population is well established. We compare perioperative complications and cost of THA for treatment of OA to hemiarthroplasty (HA) and THA for treatment of FNF.MethodsData from the Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services were used to identify all patients 65 years and older undergoing primary hip arthroplasty between 2013 and 2017. Patients were divided into 3 cohorts: THA for OA (n = 326,313), HA for FNF (n = 223,811), and THA for FNF (n = 25,995). Generalized regressions were used to compare group mortality, 90-day readmission, thromboembolic events, and 90-day episode costs, controlling for age, gender, race, and comorbidities.ResultsCompared to patients treated for OA, FNF patients were older and had significantly more comorbidities (all P < .001). Even among the youngest age group (65-69 years) without comorbidities, FNF was associated with a greater risk of mortality at 90 days (THA-FNF odds ratio [OR] 9.3, HA-FNF OR 27.0, P < .001), 1 year (THA-FNF OR 7.8, HA-FNF OR 19.0, P < .001) and 5 years (THA-FNF hazard ratio 4.5, HA-FNF hazard ratio 10.0, P < .001). The average 90-day direct cost was $12,479 and $14,036 greater among THA and HA for FNF respectively compared to THA for OA (all P < .001).ConclusionAmong Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services hip arthroplasty patients, those with an FNF had significantly higher rates of mortality, thromboembolic events, readmission, and greater direct cost. Reimbursement models for arthroplasty should account for the distinctly different perioperative complication and resource utilization for FNF patients.