Increased infection risk after hip hemiarthroplasty in institutionalized patients with proximal femur fracture

In patients undergoing hip hemiarthroplasty (HHA) secondary to proximal femur fracture, acute periprosthetic joint infection (PJI) is one of the most important complications. We have detected an increased risk of PJI in chronic institutionalized patients (CIPs), and a higher number of early postoperative infections are caused by Gram-negative bacteria (GNB), not covered by the current prophylaxis (cefazolin in noninstitutionalized patients (NIPs) and cotrimoxazole in CIPs). We sought to compare infection characteristics between NIPs and CIPs, analyzing predisposing factors, causative pathogens, and antibiotic prophylaxis-related microbiological characteristics. We performed a retrospective review of our prospective institutional database to identify all patients consecutively admitted for HHA to treat proximal femur fracture at our centre between 2011 and 2013. PJI was diagnosed in 21 of 381 (5.51%) patients, with 10 of 105 (9.52%) in the CIP group and 11 of 276 (3.99%) in the NIP group, and statistical significance was achieved. GNB accounted for PJI in 14 (66.67%) patients. We detected a single case of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) infection in the NIP group.We confirm a higher risk of acute PJI among institutionalized patients, commonly caused by Gram-negative microorganisms, which are not covered by the current prophylaxis. New prophylactic strategies should be investigated in order to reduce this problem.     

人工肱骨头置换与肱骨近端锁定钢板治疗老年复杂肱骨近端骨折的近期临床疗效分析

[摘要] 目的 对比分析人工肱骨头置换术和肱骨近端锁定钢板治疗老年复杂肱骨近端骨折的近期疗效。方法 回顾性分析本院骨科2012年1月~2014年6月采用人工肱骨头置换术和肱骨近端锁定钢板治疗的老年（年龄>65岁）NeerⅢ、Ⅳ部分肱骨近端骨折患者54例，人工肱骨头置换治疗（置换组）30例，肱骨近端锁定钢板内固定治疗（内固定组）24例。比较分析两组手术时间、术中出血量、随访Neer评分及Constant-Murley评分来评定两组临床疗效。结果 两组随访时间相仿，平均随访时间为19.5个月（12~36个月）。内固定组手术时间（101±13）分钟，术中出血量（237.9±32.4）mL，Neer评分（82.5±3.2），Constant-Murley评分（71.7±5.0）；置换组手术时间（98±11）分钟，术中出血量（246.0±39.8）mL，Neer评分（82.9±4.5），Constant-Murley评分（73.5±5.0）。两组手术时间、术中出血量、随访Neer及Constant-Murley评分比较差异均无统计学意义（P＞0.05）。内固定组有1例出现肩关节半脱位，肱骨头置换组有2例出现肩关节半脱位，通过三角巾悬吊后关节脱位均得到纠正。有1例四部分骨折患者，行内固定术后出现内固定松动、肱骨头坏死，改行人工肱骨头置换术。结论 人工肱骨头置换术和肱骨近端锁定钢板治疗老年肱骨近端复杂骨折的近期临床疗效相似，对不可修复的肱骨近端骨折宜行肱骨头置换术。     

锁定钢板与人工肱骨头置换治疗成人肱骨近端骨折疗效的Meta分析

目的对采取锁定钢板与人工肱骨头置换治疗成人肱骨近端骨折的临床疗效进行Meta分析,探讨两种手术方式的治疗效果。方法通过计算机检索中国生物医学文献数据库(CBM)、中文万方数据库、维普数据库(VIP)、中国知网(CNKI)及外文PubMed、Science Direct等数据库2004年1月至2013年12月期间发表的相关治疗肱骨近端骨折的各种对照研究,进行Meta分析。结果共纳入符合标准的文献9篇,采用Review Manager 5.2软件进行Meta分析,结果显示:锁定钢板与人工肱骨头置换比较Neer评分优良率方面差异无统计学意义(OR=0.84,95%CI:0.33~2.14,P=0.72),在ASES评分优良率方面无显著差异(OR=0.80,95%CI:0.26~2.44,P=0.69)。结论目前认为锁定钢板与人工肱骨头置换对特定骨折类型各有利弊。对于高龄粉碎性的肱骨近端骨折患者,多数倾向于人工肱骨头置换。对于老年粉碎性的肱骨近端骨折的患者,现有文献中没有足够的对照试验证明人工肱骨头置换的优越性。     

Hemiarthroplasty in rotator cuff tear arthropathy

Rotator cuff tear arthropathy results in a painful glenohumeral joint with poor function. Loss of the stabilizing effect of the rotator cuff allows superior subluxation of the humeral head. The poor mechanical advantage of the deltoid muscle creates a weak, poorly functioning shoulder. Hemiarthroplasty with a large humeral head component can relieve pain and retain some of the mechanical advantage of the deltoid by lateralizing the center of rotation of the humeral head and regaining deltoid length. A larger-than-anatomic humeral head decreases the risk of further superior subluxation of the humeral head by decreasing wear. Stability is regained by retensioning the deltoid muscle envelope. This article reviews the technique of large head hemiarthroplasty in this difficult reconstructive problem.     

Hemiarthroplasty vs Total Hip Arthroplasty for the Management of Displaced Neck of Femur Fractures: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

BackgroundDisplaced femoral neck fractures (DFNF) are common and can be treated with osteosynthesis, hemiarthroplasty (HA), or total hip arthroplasty (THA). There is no consensus as to which intervention is superior in managing DFNF.MethodsStudies were identified through a systematic search of the MEDLINE database, EMBASE database, and Cochrane Controlled Trials. Included studies were randomized or controlled trials (1966 to August 2018) comparing THA with HA for the management of DFNF. (https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/PROSPERO Identifier: CRD42018110057).ResultsSeventeen studies were included totaling 1364 patients (660 THA and 704 HA). THA was found to be superior to HA in terms of risk of reoperation, Harris Hip Score and Quality of Life (Short Form 36). Overall, the risk of dislocation was greater in THA group than HA in the first 4 years, after which there was no difference. There was no difference between THA and HA in terms of mortality or infection.ConclusionOverall, THA appears to be superior to HA. THA should be the recommended intervention for DFNF in patients with a life expectancy >4 years and in patients younger than 80 years. However, both HA and THA are reasonable interventions in patients older than 80 years and with shorter life expectancy.