Association of quadriceps angle with plantar pressure distribution,navicular height and calcaneo-tibial angle

ObjectiveThe aim of study was to analyze the association between Quadriceps Angle (QA) and plantar pressure, navicular height (NH), and calcaneo-tibial angle (CTA).MethodsA total of 64 volunteers (mean age: 22.25 ± 2.54 (range:19–33)) participated in this cross sectional study. EMED-m (Novel GmbH, Germany) electronic pedobarograph was employed for dynamic plantar pressure measurement using two step protocol. The angle between the vertical axis of calcaneus and the long axis of Achilles tendon for CTA. The height of navicular tubercle from the ground was measured while the subject was standing on both feet for NH. QA was measured while the subject was standing in a relaxed posture where both feet bearing equal weight.ResultsThere were significant negative correlations between QA and maximum force (MxF) under the 4th. metatarsal head (MH4). The QA was also significantly correlated with MxF and force-time integral (FTI) under the bigtoe (BT). FTI under the 3rd. metatarsal head (MH3), MH4 and 5th. metatarsal head (MH5) were significantly negatively correlated with QA. Pressure-time integral (PTI) under the MH4 and MH5 were found to be significantly negatively correlated with QA. A significant correlation was also found between QA and NH (p < 0.0001), whilst there was no correlation between QA and CTA. Regression analysis showed that NH was appeared as the major contributor for the QA (β = −0.49, p < 0.001) in the dynamic condition, followed by BT-FTI (β = 0.37, p < 0.001) and MH5-MxF (β = −0.21, p < 0.037).ConclusionThese findings may imply that the NH which can at least be controlled by appropriate shoe inserts may affect QA. This way, loading pattern of both plantar region and whole lower extremity may be altered.Level of evidenceLevel III, Diagnostic Study.     

脉搏波传导速度及其在中医脉诊研究中的应用

论述脉搏波传导速度(PWV)的临床应用及在中医脉诊研究中的应用进展。PWV是脉搏波传导距离与传导时间的比值,作为评价动脉硬化的指标,当前临床应用以臂踝脉搏波传导速度(ba-PWV)和颈股脉搏波传导速度(cf-PWV)为主,主要用于心血管疾病、糖尿病、肾脏疾病等的诊断和风险评估,可较好地反映血管损伤程度、预测发病率及病死率。在中医脉诊研究中,PWV和脉图指标密切相关,两者联合可应用于中医脉象分类,亦有助于临床诊断和预防。     

PSA三联疗法对缺血性脑卒中患者颈动脉结构及血流动力学的影响

目的 探讨普罗布考、阿托伐他汀、阿司匹林(PSA)三联疗法对缺血性脑卒中患者颈动脉结构及血流动力学的影响。方法 选择2016年1月至2017年3月收治的180例缺血性脑卒中患者为研究对象,采用随机数字表法分为PSA组、SA组、A组各60例,PSA组给予普罗布考、阿托伐他汀、阿司匹林联合治疗,SA组给予阿托伐他汀、阿司匹林治疗,A组给予阿司匹林治疗,随访6个月,比较两组血脂代谢、颈动脉结构与血流动力学指标。结果 PSA组、SA组总胆固醇(TC)、甘油三脂(TG)、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDL-C)均明显低于A组,高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDL-C)明显高于A组(P＜0.05),PSA组TG、TC、LDL-C均明显低于SA组,HDL-C明显高于SA组(P＜0.05);PSA组、SA组颈动脉内-中膜厚度(IMT)、斑块面积明显小于A组,管腔直径明显大于A组(P＜0.05),PSA组IMT、斑块面积明显小于SA组,管腔直径明显大于SA组(P＜0.05);PSA组、SA组收缩期峰值血流速度(SV)、舒张期峰值血流速度(DV)均明显高于A组,阻力指数(RI)明显低于A组(P＜0.05),PSA组SV、DV明显低于PSA组,RI明显高于PSA组(P＜0.05)。结论 PSA三联疗法有助于调节缺血性脑卒中患者血脂代谢,改善颈动脉结构,提高颈动脉血流速度。     

3D打印椎间融合器在37例单节段腰椎手术中的应用

目的 探讨3D打印椎间融合器应用于单节段腰椎后路减压植骨融合内固定术后的优势和早期临床疗效。方法 回顾性分析2021年5月至2022年1月于山东第一医科大学附属省立医院脊柱外科行单节段腰椎后路减压植骨融合内固定术患者73例,分为3D打印钛合金椎间融合器(3D cage)组(n=37)和聚醚醚酮椎间融合器(PEEK cage)组(n=36)。分别观察两组患者术前及术后随访的疼痛视觉模拟评分(VAS评分)和Oswestry功能障碍指数(ODI评分),评估腰椎功能及术后改善程度,比较两组患者骨密度(BMD)、手术时间、术中出血量、术中同种异体骨植入量、术后引流量、短期并发症发生情况、腰椎前凸角(LL)、椎间隙高度(DH)、LL丢失值、DH丢失值及椎间融合情况等数据。结果 所有患者均顺利完成手术,术后随访3个月。两组患者手术时间、术中出血量、术后引流量及术后3个月VAS评分和ODI评分比较,差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05);3D cage组同种异体骨植入量少于PEEK cage组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);术后两组患者的LL和DH均较术前增大,差异有统计学意义(P<...     

超极速脉搏波技术定量评估早期高血压患者颈动脉弹性衰退的临床应用价值

目的 探讨超极速脉搏波(ufPWV)技术定量评估早期高血压患者颈动脉弹性衰退的临床应用价值。方法 纳入2018年5月—2019年2月于我院门诊及入院的共90例连续的高血压受试者(高血压组),依据血压水平将高血压组分为高血压1组和高血压2组;另将同期体检的健康志愿者66名纳入研究作为正常组。利用二维超声测量颈动脉内膜中层厚度(cIMT),再利用ufPWV技术测量收缩早期脉搏波速度(PWV-BS)及收缩末期脉搏波速度(PWV-ES)。以cIMT 0.05 cm为诊断内中膜增厚的阈值,将正常组及高血压1组及高血压2组均进一步分为A组(cIMT≤0.05 cm)、B组(cIMT>0.05 cm)2个亚组,正常组有62例(正常组A亚组),高血压1组有11例(高血压1组A亚组)及高血压2组有8例(高血压2组A亚组)。利用Pearson’s相关性分析探讨3组cIMT、PWV-BS及PWV-ES的变化趋势及各自与年龄的相关性,并比较cIMT在正常范围(≤0.05 cm)时3组中PWV-BS及PWV-ES的差异以评估PWV-BS及PWV-ES诊断效能。结果 高血压1组、高血压2组与正常组颈动脉弹性...     

后路矫形手术对青少年特发性脊柱侧凸患者脊柱高度的影响

要】 目的：评估后路矫形手术对青少年特发性脊柱侧凸（adolescent idiopathic scoliosis,AIS）患者脊柱高度的矫正程度及其影响因素。方法：2010年1月~2011年6月接受后路矫形内固定术的AIS患者277例,单弯（single curve,SC）173例,双弯（double curve,DC）104例,站立位主弯Cobb角平均53.63°±15.38°（40°~140°）,仰卧位主弯Cobb角43.87°±15.01°（20°~124°）。脊柱高度（spinal height,SH）定义为仰卧位全脊柱正位X线片上T1椎体上终板中点至S1椎体上终板中点之间的垂直距离。测量术前、术后SH,ΔSH为手术矫正SH值。评估不同Cobb角侧凸患者的ΔSH,并采用偏相关分析评估脊柱侧凸术前Cobb角、Cobb角矫正值、Cobb角矫正率、术前SH及术后SH与ΔSH的相关性。结果：SC组仰卧位Cobb角术后矫正至15.69°±9.21°（4°~79°）,DC组仰卧位主弯Cobb角术后矫正至19.50°±13.07°（3°~95°）,矫正率分别为69.7%和65.5%。SC组和DC组术前SH分别为41.29±2.96cm和39.97±3.26cm,术后SH分别为43.77±2.71cm和42.86±3.04cm。SC组术前仰卧位Cobb角分别为≤30°、31°~40°、41°~50°、51°~60°、61°~70°、71°~80°、>80°时,ΔSH分别为1.97±0.79cm、2.14±0.63cm、2.52±0.65cm、2.77±0.51cm、3.92±0.61cm、4.33±0.22cm、4.85±0.22cm;而在DC组中,ΔSH分别为2.37±0.60cm、2.35±0.69cm、2.56±0.53cm、3.27±0.40cm、3.79±0.94cm、3.89±1.11cm、5.46±0.91cm。ΔSH与术前Cobb角[SC：r=0.702,P<0.001;DC（主弯+次发弯）：r=0.718,P<0.001]、Cobb角矫正值[SC：r=0.659,P<0.001;DC（主弯+次发弯）：r=0.698,P<0.001]和术后SH[SC：r=0.182,P=0.017;DC（主弯+次发弯）：r=0.213,P=0.033]呈显著相关性,但与Cobb角矫正率[SC：r=0.083,P>0.05;DC（主弯+次发弯）：r=0.039,P>0.05]和术前SH[SC：r=-0.082,P>0.05;DC（主弯+次发弯）：r=-0.047,P>0.05]无明显相关性。结论：后路矫形手术可显著改善AIS患者的SH,术前Cobb角和Cobb角矫正值是影响SH矫正程度的主要因素,术后SH是次要影响因素,而Cobb角矫正率则影响不大。     

Measurement of vessel wall strain using cine phase contrast MRI

PURPOSE: To determine the feasibility of using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) to non-invasively measure strain in the aortic wall. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Cine phase contrast MRI was used to measure the velocity of the aortic wall and calculate changes in circumferential strain over the cardiac cycle. A deformable vessel phantom was used for initial testing and in vitro validation. Ultrasonic sonomicrometer crystals were attached to the vessel wall and used as a gold standard. RESULTS: In the in vitro validation, MRI-calculated wall displacements were within 0.02 mm of the sonomicrometer measurements when maximal displacement was 0.28 mm. The measured maximum strain in vitro was 0.02. The in vivo results were on the same order as prior results using ultrasound echo-tracking. CONCLUSION: Results of in vivo studies and measurement of cyclic strain in human thoracic and abdominal aortas demonstrate the feasibility of the technique.     

西地那非对狗股骨头血流量的影响

目的　探索西地那非选择性增加股骨头血流量的可能性。方法　 a)狗 16只 ,随机分为 A、B两组 ,A组 10只用于经静脉用西地那非实验 ;B组 6只用于经髋关节外周动脉用西地那非实验。b)氢廓清技术用于定量测定股骨头血流量。结果　 a) A组 :高剂量组血流量从 (0 .16 89± 0 .0 2 80 ) m L· min- 1 · m L- 1 增加到 (0 .2 0 39± 0 .0 90 7) m L·min- 1 · m L- 1 ,差异不显著 ;中剂量组血流量从 (0 .15 4 1± 0 .0 4 2 1) m L· min- 1 · m L- 1 增加到 (0 .1783± 0 .0 84 7)m L·min- 1 ·m L- 1 ,无显著差异。b) B组 :低、中、高剂量用药后股骨头血流量增加 ,但仅高剂量用药后血流量 (0 .2 2 92± 0 .0 84 7) m L· min- 1· m L- 1与用药前的 (0 .1330± 0 .0 6 6 1) m L· min- 1· m L- 1比较有显著差异 ;血流量与药物剂量间存在回归关系 ,其回归方程为 :Y=4 .184 X 12 .933。结论　西地那非能增加狗股骨头血流量 ,为其治疗股骨头缺血性坏死疾病临床前评估提供了理论依据。     

对AF系统整复压缩爆裂骨折椎体高度及椎管横截面的观测

目的 :量化评价AF系统恢复胸腰段压缩爆裂椎体高度椎管截面积的效果。方法 :测量AF系统治疗的 72例胸腰段压缩爆裂骨折术前后影像。统计椎体前后缘高度、Cobb角、椎管截面积资料。结果 :术后伤椎前缘高度恢复至 ( 96.5± 2 .3 ) %后缘高度恢复至 ( 98.2± 0 .9) % ,Cobb角恢复至 ( 5 .4± 1.5 )° ,椎管截面积恢复至 ( 97.2± 2 .1% ) ,各项指标与术前比较有非常显著性差异 (P <0 .0 0 1)。术后随访 0 .5～ 3 .5年 ,神经功能按Frankel评定 :60例提高 1～ 3级。结论 :AF系统能恢复或基本恢复胸腰段压缩爆裂骨折椎体的前后缘高度、Cobb角、椎管容积 ,为脊髓神经功能的恢复提供一个良好的环境。是治疗脊柱胸腰段压缩爆裂骨折较好的内固定器。     

Intracellular pH and contraction of isolated rabbit and cat papillary muscle: effect of superfusate buffering

The influence of external buffering on surface pH (pHs), intracellular pH (pHi) and developed twitch tension was investigated in rabbit and cat papillary muscle. pHs and pHi were measured using single and double-barreled microelectrodes respectively. In 20 mM HEPES buffered solution, steady state pHi is close to that in control CO2/HCO-3 (25 mM HCO-3, 5% CO2) solution. pHs and developed tension also do not differ greatly from their control values. Decreasing the HEPES concentration to 5 mM, at constant external pH, lowers pHs considerably. The surface acidosis is associated with a small intracellular acidification; steady state pHi in 5 mM HEPES is always more acid than that in control CO2/HCO-3. A significant decrease in developed tension is also seen in 5 mM HEPES. Alteration of the superfusion velocity influences pHs only slightly. Stimulation of the muscle at high frequency is shown to increase surface acidification, the extent of which is dependent on the buffer concentration. The conclusion from the present experiments is that in papillary muscle external buffering influences intracellular pH and contraction via its effect on pHs.