基于循证实践的化疗静脉给药的评估

文章从化疗静脉给药评估的现状出发,总结提出基于循证实践的评估内容及评估质量的控制方法,以期为临床护士进行化疗静脉给药的全面评估提供参考依据。     

Meta‐analysis in medicine: an introduction

Meta‐analysis, a complex statistical method which involves synthesis of data from relevant studies to devise an effect size or a conclusion, has increasingly been recognized and impacts on evidence‐based medicine, especially in the field of health science. Thanks to the advent and unmet need of evidence‐based medicine, since the first recordable publication of a meta‐analysis in 1904 addressing the effectiveness of typhoid vaccine, both the number and quality of meta‐analyses published relating to healthcare science have been on a steep rise. If properly conducted, based on answering relevant clinical questions, strict selection criteria of participating studies, appropriate analytical methods, and proper presentation of results, coupled with critical and faithful discussion on the strength and weakness of the analysis, meta‐analysis will definitely be an invaluable tool for clinicians and researchers in understanding epidemiology, justifying and refining hypotheses of various diseases, for medical practitioners to implement sound management decisions based on evidence‐based medicine, and ultimately, for policy‐makers to formulate cost‐efficient treatment strategies, guidelines and legislation. In this first paper of a mini‐series, the current trend of meta‐analysis publications in the medical literature, examples of important meta‐analyses relevant to rheumatology and the pros and cons of meta‐analysis, will be discussed. Important terminology related to meta‐analysis, the systematic ways to critically appraise, and finally the preferred methodology of conducting meta‐analysis will be covered in the subsequent three reviews of this mini‐series.     

强化现场生物物证的提取与鉴定

目的　探讨法医现场勘查时生物物证的发现、提取和应用等问题。方法　在实际办案过程中 ,从现场仔细搜寻、提取血痕、毛发、精斑等生物物证并送检。结果　经DNA分型检验 ,与嫌疑人或死者的DNA分型一致。结论　基层法医应仔细勘查现场 ,获取现场生物物证并及时送检 ,为案件侦破提供证据。     

提高证据意识加强医疗机构的自身保护

目的为了更好地为患者提供优质的医疗服务,尽可能的减少医疗风险.方法从医疗保护的角度结合<医疗事故处理条例>的变化,谈谈医院应如何提高证据意识,加强医疗保护.结果加强医疗机构的自身保护,减少损失和风险.结论为了预防和及时妥善处理医疗侵权纠纷,承担举证责任,医方在诊疗过程中应当提高证据意识,注意收集证据.     

循证医学思维模式分析2003年中国精神科期刊论文中存在的问题

目的 应用循证医学强调最佳证据的思维模式，分析2003年中国精神科期刊论文中存在的问题。方法 手检2003年6种精神科杂志的分析实验性论文，统计出现各种错误的频度。结果 仅有P值(38．3％)、t检验代替方差分析(27．4％)、非正态分布情况下应用正态分布方可使用的统计方法(14．0％)、对照组非干预因素不匹配(11．5％)为存在的主要问题。结论 目前的精神科期刊论文还存在某些问题，尤其是统计学方法选择和应用问题，影响着证据的等级，应该引起注意。