75%酒精按摩治疗小儿输液渗漏肿胀的效果观察

目的探讨75%酒精湿润按摩治疗小儿静脉输液局部渗漏肿胀的可行性。方法将67例输液肿胀患儿随机分为实验组和对照组,分别采用75%酒精湿润按摩和50%硫酸镁湿敷进行比较。结果实验组肿胀消退速度优于对照组(P<0.05)。结论75%酒精湿润按摩治疗输液渗漏肿胀,效果显著,经济、实用,患儿和家长易接受。     

Trimetazidine has Promising Preventive Effects on Experimental Chronic Pancreatitis Rat Model

Background: It was aimed to evaluate the preventive efficacy of trimetazidine in an experimental chronic pancreatitis rat model.Methods: Chronic pancreatitis model was accomplished with caerulein and alcohol administration. In the study, 40 female Sprague Dawley rats were randomized into 5 groups containing 8 animals in each. Group 1 (chronic pancreatitis); group 2 (chronic pancreatitis + low-dose trimetazidine group); group 3 (chronic pancreatitis + high-dose trimetazidine group); group 4 (placebo group (chronic pancreatitis + saline)); group 5 (sham group). 24 hours after the last injection, all animals were sacrificed. Tumor necrosis factor-alpha, transforming growth factor-β, malondialdehyde, and glutathione peroxidase levels were tested in blood samples. Histopathologic examinations were conducted by a senior pathologist who was unaware of the group allocations.Results: Results of biochemical parameters of the trimetazidine groups (groups 2 and 3) were significantly favorable compared with the chronic pancreatitis group (group 1) (P < .05). The difference between the low-dose- and the high-dose trimetazidine group (group 3) was significant in terms of blood tests (P < .05). The difference between the low-dose trimetazidine group and the chronic pancreatitis group was not significant in terms of histopathologic scores (P > .05); however, the difference was significant between the high-dose trimetazidine group and the chronic pancreatitis group (P < .05).Conclusions: To the best of our knowledge, this current research is the first study that evaluates trimetazidine’s efficacy in the chronic pancreatitis rat model. Trimetazidine has affirmative preventive properties in the chronic pancreatitis course.     

促渗剂对白头翁素体外经皮渗透的影响

目的：考察几种常用促渗剂对白头翁素体外经皮渗透性能的影响,为白头翁素经皮给药系统的开发提供参考。方法：采用TK-6A型透皮扩散仪,供应室加含不同促进剂的白头翁素样品,用人皮进行体外经皮渗透实验；以HPLC测定一定时间点接受室中药物浓度,求算累积渗透量及稳态透皮速率。结果：白头翁素饱和水溶液的稳态渗透速率为(1.17±0.03) μg·cm^-2·h^-1,含30%、50%乙醇和3%月桂氮酮-5%聚山梨酯20、30%乙醇-3%月桂氮酮-5%聚山梨酯20的白头翁素溶液稳态渗透速率为(9.30±0.32),(18.56±0.58),(7.29±0.35),(13.77±0.16) μg·cm^-2·h^-1,分别使白头翁素的经皮渗透速率提高了7.9,15.9,6.2,11.8倍。结论：乙醇和月桂氮酮能显著促进白头翁素的经皮渗透,白头翁素有望开发成经皮给药制剂。     

萱草花提取工艺的研究

通过比较乙醇热回流法和水煮法、冷浸法,以总黄酮含量为指标,探讨萱草花的最佳提取工艺,结果表明:最佳提取工艺条件为70%乙醇,8倍量体积,冷浸2次,每次24h。     

热乙醇法提取猪血白蛋白工艺改良的探讨

目的介绍运用热乙醇法提取高纯度猪血白蛋白的改良工艺流程。方法采用热乙醇法,在合适的恒温时间和pH值的条件下,分离提纯猪血清白蛋白。结果猪血白蛋白的纯度〉97％,回收率〉80％。检测结果显示,其理化指标均符合《中国生物制品规程2000年版》的要求,适合扩大到中试生产。结论该法与低温乙醇法、利凡诺法和盐析法相比,具有工艺简单、成本低、纯度和回收率高的特点。     

茅台酒与乙醇影响二乙基亚硝胺引发小鼠肝细胞癌的比较

目的：观察茅台酒与乙醇在协同二乙基亚硝胺（DEN）引发小鼠肝细胞癌（HCC）的差异。方法：74只雄性C57BL／6J小鼠随机分为正常对照组、茅台酒组、乙醇组、DEN组、茅台酒干预组及乙醇干预组,实验35周末检测各组小鼠血清谷氨酸氨基转移酶（ALT）、天冬氨酸氨基转移酶（AST）与肝组织匀浆中丙二醛（MDA）水平,观察肝组织病理学变化和HCC相关磷脂酰肌醇蛋白聚糖3（GPC3）表达。结果：肝功能检测发现,茅台酒干预组与正常对照组比较,ALT和MDA差异无统计学意义（P〉0．05）,而AST高于正常对照组,差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05）;乙醇干预组ALT、AST与ADM高于正常对照组、茅台酒组、乙醇组、DEN组、茅台酒干预组,均P〈0．05;病理组织学检查发现乙醇干预组小鼠肝纤维化程度和GPC3表达明显高于其他各组,P〈0．05。茅台干预组肝脏细胞学检查未见癌前病变及HCC,仅在汇管区有少量PGC3表达。结论：乙醇可以协同DEN诱发小鼠HCC,茅台酒没有这种协同作用。     

The Effect of Ultrasonic Energy on the Creatine Phosphokinase Determination

Abstract

The ingestion of ethanol-containing products, such as cologne, perfume and after-shave, in children under six years of age is common, but serious poisoning is rarely reported. Thus, it has been recently suggested that children ingesting up to 3.5 ounces of these products may be safely observed at home as long as they remain asymptomatic. While it may be assumed that products with a significantly lower alcohol content represent a much smaller poisoning hazard, mouthwashes are a relatively frequent cause of serious poisoning in children. In the following case report, 75 milliliters of mouthwash caused hypoglycemia, coma and manifestations of tonic seizure activity. Because of the palatable nature of mouthwash, wine and liquor, it appears that children are more apt to drink large quantities, consuming dangerous amounts of ethanol. The apparent safety of cologne, perfume, and after-shave may be due to a lack of palatability as well as the irritant nature of high concentrations of ethanol. This case suggests that consumer items such as mouthwash should be packaged in child-resistant containers.     

Needle tract implantation after percutaneous interventional procedures in hepatocellular carcinomas: lessons learned from a 10-year experience.

Percutaneous interventional procedures under image guidance, such as biopsy, ethanol injection therapy, and radiofrequency ablation play important roles in the management of hepatocellular carcinomas. Although uncommon, the procedures may result in tumor implantation along the needle tract, which is a major delayed complication. Implanted tumors usually appear as one or a few, round or oval-shaped, enhancing nodules along the needle tract on CT, from the intraperitoneum through the intercostal or abdominal muscles to the subcutaneous or cutaneous tissues. Radiologists should understand the mechanisms and risk factors of needle tract implantation, minimize this complication, and also pay attention to the presence of implanted tumors along the needle tract during follow-up.     

Thoracic duct cyst: sclerotherapy as alternative for surgical treatment

BACKGROUND: Thoracic duct cysts of the cervical portion are rare benign lesions for which surgery is the treatment of choice. METHODS: We present 2 cases of a thoracic duct cyst of the cervical portion. One patient was treated by surgery and the other patient by ethanol sclerotherapy. RESULTS: After establishing diagnosis by radiologic assessment and chemical and cytological fine-needle aspirate of the cystic masses, both patients were treated successfully. CONCLUSION: Ethanol sclerotherapy provides an alternative therapy for thoracic duct cyst when evaluation establishes a high likelihood of clinical diagnosis.     

Prostatic tissue ablation by injection: a literature review

PURPOSE: Most men 50 to 80 years old will have development of some degree of benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH). Many who experience lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) will be treated medically. However, significant numbers will have more severe and progressive disease requiring surgery. Transurethral resection of the prostate is the current gold standard of treatment for BPH. Minimally invasive therapies for symptomatic BPH emerge and fade continuously. However, intraprostatic injection for BPH has been used for more than 100 years and may be on the verge of a rebirth. The goal of this review is to familiarize the reader with the origins and history of intraprostatic injection, and its evolution using transperineal, transrectal and transurethral routes with multiple injectants. Initially used to treat urinary retention in men with BPH, its primary indication is now for LUTS. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We performed a structured MEDLINE review of the literature on intraprostatic injections from 1966 to 2003, augmented with relevant articles from select journals and documents dating to 1832. RESULTS: In patients with BPH transperineal and transurethral injections have the most systematic evaluation. Most injectants will cause localized prostatic necrosis and gland volume reduction with varying degrees of LUTS relief. Anhydrous ethanol is the most widely studied injectable to date. There are advantages and disadvantages associated with each route of injection. CONCLUSIONS: Examined for more than a century, the potential for using injectables for prostatic tissue ablation remains significant. More systematic laboratory research and clinical trials, currently ongoing, need to be completed.