Activation of mRNA expression of collagen,collagenase and its inhibitor on renal biopsy specimens in patients with IgA nephropathy

Summary: In situ hybridization of mRNA for collagen IV, collagen VI, stromelysin (MMP-3) and TIMP1 was examined in renal biopsy specimens from patients with IgA nephropathy (IgAN) or diabetic nephropathy with various degrees of tissue damage. The majority of cells in the glomeruli expressed these mRNA almost simultaneously, but a few cells demonstrated positive expression for only one of these probes. There was a parallel relationship between the degree of tissue damage and that of mRNA expressions of these probes in patients with IgAN, while patients with diabetic nephropathy showed a reverse relationship between these two parameters. It is concluded that patients with mesangial proliferative glomerulonephritis expressed mRNA for collagen collagenase and its inhibitor in the glomeruli in parallel with the progress of tissue damage. In contrast, glomerular samples from patients with diabetic nephropathy showed that there was an inverse relationship between tissue damage and expression of mRNA. It is concluded that expression of collagen, collagenase and its inhibitor parallels the progression of glomerular changes in IgAN, but such parallel expression was not observed in patients with diabetic nephropathy.     

Implications and Management of Lobular Carcinoma in situ of the Breast (LCIS)

Abstract: Lobular carcinoma in situ (LCIS) has gone from a rare form of mammary cancer to a marker of increased risk. Treatment options have undergone a corresponding change from ipsilateral mastectomy with axillary node dissection to observation once it became clear that the majority of patients did not progress to invasive cancer. However, recent events suggest a re-evaluation of LCIS management options. It is clear that even meticulous observation may fail to detect invasive cancer before systemic spread has taken place. This fact plus the identification of breast cancer genes have brought a renewed interest in prophylactic mastectomy. At the same time pathologists feel that it is possible to identify microscopic features of LCIS pointing to an increased likelihood of developing invasive cancer. As a result physicians are being asked to better quantitate risks for individual patients. Most patients with LCIS do not need bilateral mastectomies, but we are coming closer to identifying the minority that would be better served by prophylactic surgery.     

Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the breast

Zusammenfassung Grundlagen: Der Zweck war es, die Anzahl der im Mammogramm entdeckten duktalen Carcinoma in situ (DCIS) und multizentrische Karzinome aufzudecken. Die verschiedenen Methoden der Biopsie werden diskutiert. Methodik: Rastermammographie (Fokus 0,3 mm) und hochaufl?sende Sonographie (7,5 bis 10 MHz) wurden bei Brustkrebspatientinnen eingesetzt. Ergebnisse: Der Zeitraum der aufgelisteten Patientinnen erstreckt sich über 20 Jahre. Die Zahl der DCIS hat in den letzten Jahren zugenommen und betr?gt nun 18%. Die Mammographie ist hoch sensitiv für Entdeckung von Mikrokalzifikationen. Die Spezifit?t ist gering. Schlu?folgerungen: Die Anzahl der entdeckten DCIS ist in den letzten Jahren besonders angestiegen und wird auch noch weiter bei Verbesserung der mammographischen Techniken ansteigen. Diese Studie wurde vom Ludwig-Boltzmann-Institut für radiologisch-physikalische Tumordiagnostik unterstützt.     

辽宁产东亚钳蝎毒镇痛作用与脑内中枢关系的研究

应用立体定位、核团内注射与电解损毁核团技术及微电极细胞外记录方法，以猫丘脑后核内脏大神经诱发单位放电为内脏痛指标，观察向尾状核、中脑导水管周围灰质及杏仁内侧核内注入东亚钳蝎毒及在电解损毁３个核团前后ＰＯ内脏大神经诱发单位放电的变化。在损毁诸核之前刺激内脏大神经引起单位诱发放电，损毁诸核之后诱发放电减弱或消失，这与辽宁产东亚钳蝎毒注入诸核团中的作用相一致。表明蝎毒的作用部位与上述核团有关，更进一步证明蝎毒作用部位     

江门市乡镇集中式供水卫生现状分析

为加强乡镇集中式供水卫生管理，进一步普及与提高农村的改水工作，我们按统一的调查方案，于１９９４￣１９９５年在全国范围内开展乡镇自来水厂调查登记和水质监测工作。据统计全市建成投产乡镇水厂６８座，普及率７７．３％，受益人口１４９．０９万，占农村总人口６２．５％，调查结果显示，水源总污染率为８．８２％，在监测项目中主查细菌学指标合格率不高，丰、枯水期水源水平均合格率分别为４０．０％和８８．９％，而出厂水     

In-vitro synthesis of steroid hormones in corpora lutea from normal women and women treated with 300 micrograms norethisterone.

The in-vitro oestradiol (E2) and progesterone (P) production by corpora lutea (CL) obtained at sterilization from 30 untreated women and 43 women treated with norethisterone (NET) 300 micrograms daily was measured. The CL were obtained at different stages of the luteal phase in the untreated women [luteinizing hormone (LH) 0 to +3, n = 7; LH +4 to +7, n = 7; LH +8 to +11, n = 9; LH +12 to menses, n = 7] and on days LH +8 to +11 or cycle days 22 to 26 in the NET-treated women. In the treated women, four types of ovarian reaction were identified. Four women showed ovarian reaction Type A (completely inhibited ovarian activity), 14 women Type B (marked follicular activity, but no luteal function), 12 women Type C (normal follicular activity, followed by insufficient luteal function) and 13 women Type D (apparently normal follicular and luteal activity). The CL were incubated in Eagle's medium with and without stimulation by human chorionic gonadotrophin (HCG) for 2 and 4 h. In the untreated women, P and E2 production increased significantly with both incubation time and stimulation by HCG throughout the luteal phase, except in the late luteal phase (LH +12 to menses) where P increased (P less than 0.01) only after 4 h stimulation by HCG. The maximal production of P was found after 4 h incubation with HCG stimulation of CL tissue in the early-mid luteal phase (LH +4 to +7).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)     

主动吸入药物烟对大鼠一氧化氮的影响

目的　探讨主动吸入药物烟对大鼠NO的影响。方法　制备大鼠主动吸烟模型 ,采用硝酸还原酶法测定各组大鼠血清、肺、心肌及脑组织的NO含量。结果　非药物烟组大鼠血清、肺、心肌及脑组织中NO含量明显低于非给烟对照组 ,药物烟高、中剂量组NO含量明显高于非药物烟组 ,接近非给烟对照组。结论　吸烟对大鼠血液、肺、心肌及脑组织有不同程度的损伤作用 ,使NO含量降低 ;药物烟具有一定的保护和防止NO含量降低的作用。     

Evaluation of variable line-shape models and prior information in automated 1H spectroscopic imaging analysis.

Analysis of in vivo short TE 1H spectra is complicated by broad baseline signal contributions and resonance line-shape distortions. Although the assumptions of ideal metabolite resonance line-shapes and slowly varying baseline signals can be used to separate these signals, the presence of broad or asymmetric line-shapes can invalidate this model. More complex line-shape models are computationally expensive or difficult to constrain, particularly for the low signal-to-noise commonly found for in vivo MR spectroscopic imaging applications. In this study, two time-domain models for fitting variable spectral line-shapes are examined, one using B-splines and another using summed sinusoids. The methods were verified using both phantom and human data, and Monte Carlo simulations were used to evaluate variations in calculated metabolite amplitudes due to interactions between the baseline and line-shape estimations. Additional studies investigated the use of prior line-shape information, obtained from either a water MRSI measurement or calculations from B(0) maps, to determine parameter starting values or optimization constraints. Both line-shape models showed the ability to fit the variety of line-shapes present in both the phantom and human MRSI data, with similar or improved accuracy over a Gaussian line-shape model; however, this improvement resulted in only minor improvement for the high-SNR phantom data and moderate improvements in regions with asymmetry for the fitted in vivo metabolite images. The use of prior line-shape information was of most benefit when applied toward setting optimization constraints but was of limited benefit when used to define initial starting values.