A型肉毒毒素注射治疗上面部动态皱纹的疗效观察

目的 探讨使用A型肉毒毒素注射治疗上面部动态皱纹的临床疗效.方法 回顾性分析自2018年4月至2020年4月在上海交通大学医学院附属瑞金医院眼科采用A型肉毒毒素注射治疗上面部动态皱纹40例患者的临床资料,采用多点注射A型肉毒毒素,1.0～4.0 U/点.随访6个月,观察治疗效果、并发症,并进行患者满意度评价.结果 上面...     

个性化自体脂肪移植在面部年轻化中的应用效果

目的 探讨自体脂肪移植在重塑面部轮廓,提升面部饱满度以及改善皮肤质地等方面的效果.方法 自2016年1月至2019年12月,大连瑞和医疗美容门诊部和大连大学附属新华医院对149例患者采用自体脂肪移植的方法,首选抽取腹部或大腿内外侧脂肪,将脂肪静置沉淀、漂洗、离心提纯后移植于额部、颞部、颧部、泪沟、面颊、鼻唇沟、颏部等面...     

Ageing appearance in China: biophysical profile of facial skin and its relationship to perceived age

Background Perceived age is important to women and is a primary driver for topical product use and facial cosmetic surgery. Changes in facial features and biophysical skin parameters with chronological age and their associations with perceived age have not been described in Asian populations. Objective To investigate the relationship between biophysical properties of the skin, visual features of skin ageing and perceived facial age in Chinese women. Methods Facial photographs were collected of 250 Chinese women, aged 25–70 years in Shanghai, China. The perceived facial age was determined and related to the chronological age for each participant and to a range of visual assessments of skin appearance and objective biophysical measurements of the skin. The profile of changes in these parameters with age was investigated together with the differences in those parameters for women judged to look younger than their chronological age and those judged to look older than their chronological age. Results Large discrepancies in perceived age (up to 29 years) were found in women of the same chronological age. Each objective skin measure and visual assessment parameter had a stronger correlation with perceived age than with chronological age. The strongest relationships to perceived age were for wrinkles and hyperpigmentation. Skin colour, hydration and trans‐epidermal water loss (TEWL) had weaker associations with perceived age. Women judged to look older than their chronological age had significantly higher scores than those judged to look younger for coarse wrinkles and hyperpigmentation across all age groups. The appearance differences between these groups were evident in composite facial images of the same average chronological age. Conclusions We have identified the skin attributes which differ with perceived age in Chinese women. Perceived age is a better measure of the biological age of facial skin than is chronological age in this population.     

Aging effects on selective attention-related electroencephalographic patterns during face encoding

Previous electrophysiological studies revealed that human faces elicit an early visual event-related potential (ERP) within the occipito–temporal cortex, the N170 component. Although face perception has been proposed to rely on automatic processing, the impact of selective attention on N170 remains controversial both in young and elderly individuals. Using early visual ERP and alpha power analysis, we assessed the influence of aging on selective attention to faces during delayed-recognition tasks for face and letter stimuli, examining 36 elderly and 20 young adults with preserved cognition. Face recognition performance worsened with age. Aging induced a latency delay of the N1 component for faces and letters, as well as of the face N170 component. Contrasting with letters, ignored faces elicited larger N1 and N170 components than attended faces in both age groups. This counterintuitive attention effect on face processing persisted when scenes replaced letters. In contrast with young, elderly subjects failed to suppress irrelevant letters when attending faces. Whereas attended stimuli induced a parietal alpha band desynchronization within 300–1000 ms post-stimulus with bilateral-to-right distribution for faces and left lateralization for letters, ignored and passively viewed stimuli elicited a central alpha synchronization larger on the right hemisphere. Aging delayed the latency of this alpha synchronization for both face and letter stimuli, and reduced its amplitude for ignored letters. These results suggest that due to their social relevance, human faces may cause paradoxical attention effects on early visual ERP components, but they still undergo classical top–down control as a function of endogenous selective attention. Aging does not affect the face bottom–up alerting mechanism but reduces the top–down suppression of distracting letters, possibly impinging upon face recognition, and more generally delays the top–down suppression of task-irrelevant information.     

Mapping the human face: biophysical properties

Background: Facial skin exhibits unique biophysical properties that are distinct from skin belonging to other areas of the body. Small to large regional differences in biophysical properties between facial sites are observed. Technological advances in dermatological research allow a quantitative study of the biophysical qualities of the face and its relation to skin elsewhere. However, comprehensive studies examining inter‐regional variations using each of the six standard biophysical parameters have been few. We summarize findings on the biophysical parameters used to explore the human face as well as regional differences in skin reactivity to chemical irritants. Methods: We performed a literature search using Pubmed, Embase, Science Citations Index, and the UCSF's dermatological library on biophysical parameters and skin physiology pertaining to the human face. Results: Distinct regional differences in transepidermal water loss (TEWL), capacitance, blood flow, sebum, pH, and temperature were demonstrated in facial skin. However, studies cannot be compared with each other because each uses different anatomical sites, skin conditions, and measurement techniques. Intraregional differences in TEWL, sebum, and temperatures were observed on the cheeks and appeared to follow characteristic distribution patterns. Higher blood flow levels and skin temperatures were generally observed in areas with dense networks of blood vessels such as the nose and perioral region. Areas such as the forehead, nose, and chin consistently showed higher sebum casual levels, but variability in sebum levels between sites was also observed. The susceptibility of the face to hexyl nicotinate, sodium lauryl sulfate, and benzoic acid differed depending on location and age. Conclusion: Establishing a standardized biophysical profile of the human face will help to improve therapeutics, and further our understanding of differences in chemical reactivity and disease distribution. Future research necessitates standardization of the anatomical sites studied, sample size, and experimental protocols.     

颞浅筋膜瓣在头面部软组织缺损修复中的应用

目的 探讨颞浅筋膜瓣在头面部修复中的应用.方法 对8例头面部软组织损伤(面部恶性肿瘤根治3例,头部皮肤部分撕脱伤3例,面部外伤皮肤缺损2例).伴深部组织外露应用该筋膜瓣加筋膜瓣外植皮修复.结果 8例筋膜瓣全部存活,外观形态良好.随诊6个月～3年,外观及功能满意.结论 颞浅筋膜瓣范围广泛,分离难度不高,对头面部软组织缺损的修复有较高价值.     

A Survey of Treatment of Acne by Acupuncture

Acne usually affects the face, chest and back in puberty. Here, the author would like to present a survey of acupunture treatment of acne according to the clinical reports in resent years.     

Measurement of Ventilation and Respiratory Mechanics during Continuous Positive Airway Pressure (CPAP) Treatment in Infants

ABSTRACT. A new method has been evaluated for measuring ventilation and lung mechanics in spontaneously breathing infants by means of a face chamber. Airway flow is measured with a pneumotachograph inserted between the face chamber and a stable pressure source. Oesophageal pressure is measured via a water-filled oesophageal catheter. The method is suitable for use in conjunction with continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) treatment in neonatal intensive care. A flat frequency response curve up to 15 Hz for the two measuring systems (i.e., airway flow and oesophageal pressure), and a time shift between the two respective signals of less than 2 msec are prerequisites for correct evaluation of respiratory mechanics. In preterm infants with chest distortion, the inhomogeneity of pleural pressure affects the significance of resistance and compliance values, as calculated from oesophageal pressure. Supra-diaphragmatic pressure variations reflect the resistive and elastic load on the diaphragm exerted by the lungs and thorax. Thus, oesophageal pressure is still useful in studies of respiratory mechanics in preterm infants.     

Frequency of a 22q11 deletion in patients with conotruncal cardiac malformations: A prospective study

Recent molecular studies have revealed that a 22q11 deletion is frequently detected in DiGeorge syndrome (DGS), velo-cardio-facial syndrome (VCFS), and conotruncal anomaly face syndrome (CTAFS). As one of the major clinical manifestations in these three syndromes is conotruncal cardiac malformation, we prospectively studied the frequency of a 22q11 deletion in a group of patients with conotruncal cardiac malformation. Fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) analyses using N25 (D22S75) DiGeorge Chromosome Region probe were performed on 64 patients with conotruncal cardiac malformation, who visited our clinic from October 1993 to January 1994. Of the 64 patients studied, a 22q11 deletion was detected in 5 patients (7.8%): 3 out of 30 patients with tetralogy of Fallot, one of three with interruption of the aortic arch, and one hemitruncus patient. No deletion was found in 16 patients with complete transposition of the great arteries, 8 with double outlet right ventricle and 2 with aortopulmonary window. In these five patients with 22q11 deletion, patient 1 was clinically diagnosed as having DGS, patients 2 and 3 had CTAFS, and patient 4 had VCFS. Patient 5 could not be dysmorphologically evaluated. It was noteworthy that all patients with a 22q11 deletion, except a non-evaluated patient, had some symptoms of syndromes DGS, CTAFS or VCFS, and that we failed to identify a non-syndromic 22q11 deletion positive patients in the present series of 64 patients.Conclusion This study suggests that it is advisable to bear 22q11 deletion in mind when a patient with conotruncal cardiac anomalies has some other features of DGS, VCFS or CTAFS.