外源核苷酸对免疫抑制小鼠胸腺细胞DNA损伤的影响

目的:检测外源核苷酸对经环磷酰胺诱导的免疫抑制小鼠胸腺细胞DNA损伤的影响。方法:采用18～20 g昆明种小鼠30只,雌雄各半,随机分成阴性对照组(NEC)、阳性对照组(POC)和核苷酸组(NTG),每组10只。NEC组和POC组小鼠均饲喂半纯合无核苷酸的基础日粮,NTG组则在基础日粮中添加0.25%的核苷酸,实验期为21 d。在实验结束前18 h POC组和NTG组小鼠按照150mg/kg bw的剂量腹腔注射环磷酰胺,NEC组注射生理盐水,实验结束时测定脾脏和胸腺脏器指数,并取胸腺细胞,做单细胞凝胶电泳,观察细胞DNA损伤情况。结果:在基础日粮中添加核苷酸对小鼠免疫器官重量没有显著影响(P>0.05),但能极显著降低受损胸腺细胞百分率(P<0.01)和受损细胞DNA尾长(P<0.01)。结论:外源核苷酸能显著降低免疫抑制小鼠受损胸腺细胞百分率和损伤程度。     

严重肺挫伤及休克缺血再灌注早期呼吸功能变化

目的研究兔严重肺挫伤及休克缺血再灌注早期呼吸功能变化。方法25只实验兔随机分为严重肺挫伤组(SLC,n=10)、严重肺挫伤休克缺血再灌注组(SLC+IR,n=10)和对照组(MC,n=5),建立动物模型,在挫伤前及挫伤后1、2、3、4小时各时点监测心率、血压、呼吸频率、潮气量、气道压力、呼吸流率曲线、呼气末CO2浓度、动脉血气分析及动静脉混和血气分析,根据公式计算出每分钟通气量、肺泡通气量、肺内分流、肺泡-动脉血氧分压差、肺顺应性、气道阻力及生理死腔与潮气量之比,用以评价肺通气功能、换气功能及呼吸力学的变化。结果肺挫伤及休克再灌注后1h实验兔呼吸频率变浅变快,出现明显的肺内肺分流(p<0.05);肺挫伤及休克再灌注后2h实验兔生理死腔/潮气量明显增加,休克再灌注组肺泡-动脉血氧分压差亦增大明显(p<0.05);肺挫伤及休克再灌注后3～4h实验兔肺泡通气量降低、动脉血压分压下降(p<0.05),肺顺应性降低,肺阻力增大(p<0.01)。结论严重肺挫伤及休克再灌注后1～2h已有通气功能损害,3～4h通气功能、换气功能及呼吸力学损害更明显,并且严重肺挫伤合并休克呼吸功能损害比单纯肺挫伤损害出现早且严重。     

美容相关眼部损伤急性期的临床表现

目的：探讨美容相关眼部损伤急性期的临床表现。

方法： 回顾性研究。收集2016-04/2021-10因美容导致的眼部损伤患者53例89眼,分析患者急性期的临床特征,包括性别、年龄、受伤眼别、临床表现、致伤原因、治疗过程及预后。

结果：纳入53例89眼患者均为女性,年龄22-45(平均28.4±6.7)岁。单眼损伤17例,双眼损伤36例。2种或2种以上眼部损伤可累及同一眼。导致眼部损伤的主要美容操作包括：纹眼线38眼(43%); 嫁接睫毛18眼(20%); 去除假睫毛11眼(12%); 涂睫毛膏8眼(9%); 双重睑手术6眼(7%); 其他8眼(9%)。主要眼部损伤类型包括：角膜损伤56眼(63%); 眼睑接触性皮炎26眼(29%); 结膜炎19眼(21%); 眼睑反应性水肿13眼(15%); 眼表异物12眼(14%); 睑缘细菌性感染10眼(11%); 其他5眼(6%),这其中包括因眼周注射玻尿酸导致视网膜中央动脉阻塞1眼(1%)。74眼经过正规治疗可在1-2 wk内痊愈,3眼出现丝状角膜炎,视网膜中央动脉阻塞1眼预后差。

结论：美容相关眼部损伤见于中青年女性,引发眼部损伤最常见的美容操作是纹眼线,最主要损伤类型为角膜损伤。美容相关眼部损伤多数可以预防,治疗方法有效且总体预后良好。     

Proteomic analysis of the effects of caffeine in a neonatal rat model of hypoxic‐ischemic white matter damage

AimWhite matter damage (WMD) is the main cause of cerebral palsy and cognitive impairment in premature infants. Although caffeine has been shown to possess neuroprotective effects in neonatal rats with hypoxic‐ischemic WMD, the mechanisms underlying these protective effects are unclear. Herein, proteins modulated by caffeine in neonatal rats with hypoxic‐ischemic WMD were evaluated.MethodsWe identified differential proteins and performed functional enrichment analyses between the Sham, hypoxic‐ischemic WMD (HI), and HI+caffeine‐treated WMD (Caffeine) groups. Confirmed the changes and effect of proteins in animal models and determined cognitive impairment via water maze experiments.ResultsIn paraventricular tissue, 47 differential proteins were identified between the Sham, HI, and Caffeine groups. Functional enrichment analyses showed that these proteins were related to myelination and axon formation. In particular, the myelin basic protein (MBP), proteolipid protein, myelin‐associated glycoprotein precursor, and sirtiun 2 (SIRT2) levels were reduced in the hypoxic‐ischemic WMD group, and this effect could be prevented by caffeine. Caffeine alleviated the hypoxic‐ischemic WMD‐induced cognitive impairment and improved MBP, synaptophysin, and postsynaptic density protein 95 protein levels after hypoxic‐ischemic WMD by preventing the HI‐induced downregulation of SIRT2; these effects were subsequently attenuated by the SIRT2 inhibitor AK‐7.ConclusionCaffeine may have clinical applications in the management of prophylactic hypoxic‐ischemic WMD; its effects may be mediated by proteins related to myelin development and synapse formation through SIRT2.     

针刀治疗浅表性胃炎的临床随机对照观察

目的：探讨针刀对浅表性胃炎的治疗效果。方法：将60例浅表性胃炎的患者按区组随机法随机分为针刀治疗组和常规药物对照组，分别进行针刀和药物治疗，治疗前、后分别按《中医病症诊断疗效标准》和《中药新药临床研究指导原则》评分，并对测评结果进行统计学分析。结果：经针刀疗法治疗后，临床症状计分值明显下降，治疗前后对比有明显的差异，P〈0．01，说明针刀疗法有良好的改善临床症状的作用，并明显优于常规药物对照组。结论：对于浅表性胃炎施针刀疗法显著优于常规药物治疗组。     

推拿治疗小儿泄泻伤食证多中心随机对照研究

目的客观评价推拿治疗小儿泄泻伤食证的有效性。方法多中心、分层区组随机、平行对照临床研究方法。由3个中心协作完成小儿急性泄泻伤食证111例,包括观察组(推拿治疗)80例、对照组(培菲康和思密达治疗)31例。袪除脱落病例后,观察组76例、对照组30例。治疗2个疗程(6 d)后观察疗效。结果观察组疗效显著优于对照组(P<0.01)。2个疗程后,观察组主症总积分及分症(大便质地、质量)积分改善均优于对照组(P<0.01),而两组分症(大便次数、性状)积分改善差异无统计学意义。观察组总积分改善优于对照组(P<0.01)。结论推拿辨证疗法治疗小儿泄泻伤食证疗效优于西药(思密达+培菲康),值得推广应用。     

惊厥性脑损伤与细胞自噬的相关性

自噬是溶酶体降解利用细胞内物质成分的过程,对应激状态下神经细胞存活及清除衰老细胞器和错误折叠蛋白等起重要作用;其可作为神经细胞的保护机制,也可作为神经细胞死亡方式之一.反复惊厥可以导致脑损伤,但具体机制尚不清楚,最近研究表明,惊厥时可启动细胞凋亡途径,并且也可启动细胞自噬,从而介导神经元适应、损伤或凋亡,惊厥性脑损伤与细胞自噬密切相关.细胞自噬作为一条新的重要的信号途径,为惊厥脑损伤的防治提供新的治疗方向.     

Fatigue Cracking Evolution and Model of Cold Recycled Asphalt Mixtures during Different Curing Times

This paper aims to investigate the fatigue cracking evolution of cold recycled asphalt mixtures with asphalt emulsion (CRME) under different curing times. The fatigue cracking model of CRME based on damage mechanics and fracture mechanics was analyzed according to the fatigue loading curve. Firstly, the fatigue cracking evolution of CRME was studied through an SCB strength test and SCB fatigue test. Then, the fatigue damage mechanics were used to establish a nonlinear fatigue cracking model, and the damage degree of CRME at the initial cracking point was determined. The Paris formula was used to characterize the law of fatigue crack propagation. Finally, the microstructure of CRME was observed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) with the backscattering method. The results indicate that the initial cracking point appears at around 60% of the fatigue life according to the SCB fatigue test by means of image analysis. The damage variable was obtained through the cracking model, and the value of the damage variable was determined as 0.06–0.17 at the initial cracking point. In addition, the Paris formula showed that the crack growth of CRME can be reflected by the stress intensity factor and correlative parameters. Moreover, cement hydration products were mixed with the asphalt membrane to form a denser spatial structure during the curing process, which may provide higher fatigue performance of CRME. This research may provide a theoretical reference for studying the fatigue cracking behavior of CRME.     

五味沙棘散对卵清蛋白诱导的过敏性支气管哮喘大鼠的保护作用及机制

目的 探究五味沙棘散对卵清蛋白（ovalbumin,OVA）诱导的过敏性哮喘大鼠的保护作用及机制。方法 SD大鼠随机分为对照组、模型组、地塞米松（0.5 mg/kg）组和五味沙棘散（0.5、2.0 g/kg）组,建立OVA诱导的大鼠早期支气管哮喘模型,苏木素-伊红（HE）和Masson染色观察支气管病理情况及纤维化程度;免疫组化检测支气管间隙连接蛋白43（connexin 43,Cx43）的表达和分布;ELISA检测血清中免疫球蛋白E（immunoglobulin E,IgE）和白细胞介素-13（interleukin-13,IL-13）水平;亚甲基蓝法和WSP-1荧光探针法测定血清中硫化氢（hydrogen sulfide,H₂S）水平。建立CdCl₂诱导的支气管上皮BEAS-2B细胞损伤模型,MTT法检测细胞活性;Hoechest 33342染色法观察细胞核形态变化;MitoSOX染色检测细胞线粒体活性氧（mitochondrial reactive oxygen species,mtROS）水平;Western blotting检测半胱氨酸天冬氨酸蛋白酶-3（cystein-asparate protease-3,Caspase-3）、核因子红细胞系2相关因子（nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor,Nrf2）和Kelch样ECH关联蛋白1（Kelch like ECH associated protein 1,Keap1）蛋白表达。结果 五味沙棘散能够减少支气管黏膜上皮细胞脱落和黏液分泌（P＜0.001）,降低胶原纤维的沉积和Cx43的表达及分布（P＜0.05、0.01、0.001）,降低血清中IgE、IL-13水平（P＜0.05）,升高血清中H₂S水平（P＜0.05、0.01）。五味沙棘散含药血清呈剂量相关性地抑制CdCl₂诱导的BEAS-2B细胞凋亡及mtROS水平（P＜0.01、0.001）,上调Caspase-3和Nrf2蛋白表达（P＜0.05、0.01）,下调Keap1蛋白表达（P＜0.01）。结论 五味沙棘散对OVA诱导的哮喘大鼠和CdCl₂诱导的支气管上皮细胞凋亡均具有保护作用,其机制可能与调控Nrf2/Keap1信号通路有关。