Chitosan hydrogel as a drug delivery carrier to control angiogenesis

An aqueous solution of photocrosslinkable chitosan containing azide groups and lactose moieties (Az-CH-LA) incorporating paclitaxel formed an insoluble hydrogel within 30 s of ultraviolet light (UV) irradiation. The chitosan hydrogel showed strong potential for use as a new tissue adhesive in surgical applications and wound dressing. The fibroblast growth factor (FGF)-2 molecules retained in the chitosan hydrogel and in an injectable chitosan/IO₄-heparin hydrogel remain biologically active, and were gradually released from the hydrogels as they biodegraded in vivo. The controlled release of biologically active FGF-2 molecules from the hydrogels caused induction of angiogenesis and collateral circulation occurred in healing-impaired diabetic (db/db) mice and in the ischemic limbs of rats. Paclitaxel, which is an antitumor reagent, was also retained in the chitosan hydrogel and remained biologically active as it was released on degradation of the hydrogel in vivo. The chitosan hydrogels incorporating paclitaxel effectively inhibited tumor growth and angiogenesis in mice. The purpose of this review is to describe the effectiveness of chitosan hydrogel as a local drug delivery carrier for agents (e.g., FGF-2 and paclitaxel) to control angiogenesis. It is thus proposed that chitosan hydrogel may be a promising new local carrier for drugs such as FGF-2 and paclitaxel to control vascularization.     

乙二胺羟丙基壳聚糖固定化天门冬酰胺酶的研究

研制了新型壳聚糖胺基衍生物-乙二胺羟丙基壳聚糖（EDA-HPCS）,并将其用于固定天门冬酰胺酶,分别考察了甲醛活化载体和戊二醛活化载体对固定化酶活力的影响,结果表明,在适当的固定化条件下,甲醛活化EDA-HPCS的固定化酶活力约为30U/g载体,而戊二醛活化EDA-HPCS固定化酶活力约为16U/g载体。     

几丁糖预防屈肌腱粘连的临床效果

目的：观察几丁糖预防肌腱粘连的临床效果。方法：对Ⅱ区肌腱损伤４８例７２条肌腱断裂行一期修复,术中采用改良Ｋｅｓｓｌｅｒ法缝合肌腱,在肌腱鞘管内注入２％医用几丁糖０．５￣１．０ｍｌ,缝合皮肤。     

电化法研究壳聚糖树脂与游离酸的相互作用

利用电化学实验技术跟踪交联壳聚糖树脂吸附低浓度游离酸的行为,讨论了不同盐酸浓度和不同甲醇浓度两种因素对吸附的影响,并利用固液相互作用方程,求取吸附剂－吸附质相互作用能。实验结果表明,交联壳聚糖树脂吸附低浓度游离酸的过程是遵循单分子 机制进行的。     

水溶性O-羧甲基壳聚糖的制备

目的 :合成一种完全水溶的壳聚糖衍生物— O-羧甲基壳聚糖。方法 :在碱性条件下 ,用氯乙酸修饰粉末状的壳聚糖 ,得到产物。结果 :产物经元素分析、FT-IR分析 ,证实其结构与预期相吻合。结论 :该法所得 O-羧甲基壳聚糖具有优越的水溶性能     

甲壳素,壳聚糖及其衍生物的应用

随着甲壳素,壳聚糖及其衍生物研究的迅速发展,其研究内容和应用范围越来越广泛。从发展历史,性质,提取及加工方法,应用,发展前景几个方面对其进行简要评述。     

固定化L-天冬酰胺酶间歇催化反应的动力学模型

测定了３７°Ｃ下以固定化Ｌ－天冬酰胺酶为催化剂,５０μｍｏｌ／ＬＬ－天冬酰胺的Ｔｒｉｓ缓冲液（ｐＨ＝７．４）为底物的时歇反应转化率,并用建立的数学模型对反应过程进行拟合。计算结果表明,提出的传质－催化反应动力学模型能较好地描述反应过程,并揭示固定化酶的传质－催化过程受扩散作用控制。     

Mucoadhesive Polymers in Peroral Peptide Drug Delivery. VI. Carbomer and Chitosan Improve the Intestinal Absorption of the Peptide Drug Buserelin In Vivo

Purpose. To evaluate the effect of the crosslinked poly(acrylate) carbomer 934P (C934P) and its freeze-dried neutralized sodium salt (FNaC934P) as well as chitosan hydrochloride on the intestinal absorption of the peptide drug buserelin. Methods. Buserelin was applied intraduodenally in control buffer, 0.5% (w/v) C934P, 0.5% (w/v) FNaC934P, 1.5% (w/v) chitosan hydrochloride or FNaC934P/chitosan hydrochloride (1:1 (v/v)) mixture in rats. Results. All polymer preparation showed a statistically significant improvement of buserelin absorption compared to the control solution. The absolute bioavailabilities for the different polymer preparations were: control, 0.1%; 0.5% FNaC934P, 0.6%; 0.5% C934P, 2.0%; chitosan hydrochloride, 5.1% and FNaC934P/chitosan hydrochloride (1:1 (v/v)) mixture, 1.0%. The higher bioavailability with chitosan hydrochloride compared to C934P and FNaC934P indicates that for buserelin the intestinal transmucosal transport enhancing effect of the polymer plays a more dominant role than the protection against proteases such as -chymotrypsin. Conclusions. The mucoadhesive polymers carbomer 934P and chitosan hydrochloride are able to enhance the intestinal absorption of buserelin in vivo in rats, and may therefore be promising excipients in peroral delivery systems for peptide drugs.     

壳聚糖及其衍生物在口服制剂中的应用

壳聚糖及其衍生物具有优良的生物特性及物理化学性质，在药物制剂中有广阔的应用前景。在调研国内外相关资料的基础上。结合实际工作对目前正在研究并取得一定进展的壳聚糖及其衍生物在口服药物制剂中的应用作简要综述。     

聚乙烯醇改性医用壳聚糖微球的制备及其血脂吸附实验

目的：制备性能优良的医用壳聚糖微球，用于吸附血脂。方法：以壳聚糖为原料，液体石蜡为悬浮介质，加入适量的交联剂戊二醛和少量的改性剂聚乙烯醇(PVA)，采用悬浮交联工艺，制备壳聚糖微球，采用动态法进行血脂吸附。结果：加入少量PVA制成的壳聚糖微球更有利于吸附血脂中低密度脂蛋白(LDL)、总胆固醇(TC)、甘油三酯(TG)。结论：加入少量改性剂PVA的壳聚糖微球有望成为性能优良的、能选择性吸附血脂的医用微球。