星状神经节阻滞后福尔马林诱导的伤害行为反应和间脑c-fos表达

目的　研究星状神经节阻滞 (SGB)后福尔马林诱导的家兔伤害行为反应和间脑c -fos表达。方法　在家兔星状神经节附近置入导管 ,一周后 ,选择恢复健康者 2 4只随机分为三组 :假手术组 (A组 )、SGB组 (B组 )和对照组 (C组 ) ,每组 8只。B和C组在右前肢足底皮下注射 3 %福尔马林 0 5ml致痛 ,A组同样部位注射等量生理盐水。致痛前 10min ,B组经导管给 0 2 5 %布比卡因0 5ml ,A和C组给等量生理盐水。致痛 2h ,灌注固定 ,取左右侧间脑。采用加权法对伤害行为反应评分 ,免疫组化法测间脑c -fos表达。结果　SGB后福尔马林诱导的Ⅱ期伤害行为反应明显缓解 ;B组下丘脑c -fos表达明显少于C组 (P <0 0 1) ,而B组与C组丘脑c -fos表达无显著性差异 (P >0 0 5 )。结论　SGB可减轻福尔马林诱导的Ⅱ期伤害行为反应 ,降低下丘脑c -fos表达 ,这可能与其治疗炎症痛的机制有关。     

应激启动下丘脑-垂体-肾上腺轴信号转导机制的实验研究

目的以束缚应激大鼠作为应激研究模型,探讨应激后下丘脑内信号转导分子的变化。方法用Western印迹杂交法研究了应激大鼠下丘脑内c-fos的蛋白表达和p38MAPK的磷酸化情况。结果Western印迹杂交结果显示束缚应激后鼠下丘脑内磷酸化的p38MAPK明显增加,与对照组相比具有非常显著性差异(P<0.01),应激解除后1、3h磷酸化的p38MAPK仍然保持较高的水平(P<0.05),但是应激解除后3h较应激刚结束时下丘脑内磷酸化p38MAPK的水平明显回落(P<0.05);应激后下丘脑内c-fos蛋白表达同样明显增加,与对照组相比具有显著性差异(P<0.01)。应激解除后0、1、3h,c-fos蛋白的表达仍然保持较高的水平(P<0.05)。结论应激发生后,其下丘脑内p38MAPK磷酸化的时相、c-fos蛋白表达时相以及血浆内皮质酮浓度时相具有类似之处,p38MAPK磷酸化、c-fos蛋白很可能是HPA轴活动的上游分子信号。     

大鼠中缝核群星形胶质细胞对睡眠剥夺的反应及其与神经元的关系

目的探索大鼠脑干中缝核群星形胶质细胞对睡眠剥夺(SD)的反应及其与神经元的关系。方法采用小平台水环境法建立大鼠SD模型,分为睡眠剥夺12h(SD)组,睡眠剥夺12h恢复睡眠3h(SR)组及大平台对照(TC)组和正常单独饲养(CC)组,每组3只。用免疫组化的方法观察c-fos和胶原纤维酸性蛋白(GFAP)在脑干中缝核群的表达,及其与5-羟色胺(5-HT)阳性神经元的关系。结果GFAP在中缝核群尤其是中缝背核表达明显增多,睡眠恢复后表达明显减少,其变化趋势及部位与c-fos基因表达相一致。在中缝背核形成3种形式的复合体样结构:(1)c-fos(+)、5-HT(+)、GFAP(+);(2)5-HT(+)、GFAP(+)、c-fos(-);(3)5-HT(-)、GFAP(+)、c-fos(+)。结论GFAP对睡眠剥夺和恢复睡眠的影响反应敏感,与神经元反应趋势一致,提示星形胶质细胞和神经元可能共同参与睡眠调节。     

实验性运动病大鼠脑细胞c-fos基因表达

取SD大鼠16只分为两组，其中一组按Crampton的方法进行旋转刺激诱导运动病；而另一非旋转组作为对照。用原位杂交和免疫组化方法、图像分析技术对旋转刺激组大鼠及对照组大鼠大脑皮质、脑干和小脑皮质中c-fosmRNA、Fos蛋白含显变化进行定位、定量研究。结果表明，旋转刺激后三种组织中c-fosmRNA、Fos蛋白的含量均有增加．推测应激反应基因c－fos的表达参与运动病的发生和发展。     

Individual differences in male rat ejaculatory behaviour: searching for models to study ejaculation disorders

In addition to investigating sexual function in rats that display normal ejaculatory behaviour, studying rats that are either 'hyposexual' or 'hypersexual' may provide important insights into the aetiology of ejaculatory dysfunctions in men, such as premature and retarded ejaculation. To this end, rats were matched into groups of 'sluggish', 'normal' and 'rapid' ejaculators based on their ejaculation frequencies displayed in a series of weekly sexual behaviour tests. Selecting rats on this parameter revealed large and stable differences in other parameters of sexual behaviour as well, including ejaculation latency and mount frequency but not intromission frequency and mount latency, putative indices of sexual motivation. Neuroanatomically, Fos immunoreactivity as a measure of neuronal activation was increased in rapid ejaculators compared with sluggish ejaculators in ejaculation-related brain areas, presumably associated with the differences in ejaculatory behaviour. Although the total number of oxytocin neurones within subregions of the hypothalamus did not differ between groups, in the supraoptic nucleus of the hypothalamus more oxytocin neurones were activated in rapid ejaculators compared with the other groups. Apart from the differences observed in ejaculatory behaviour, groups did not differ with respect to their locomotor activity and approach-avoidance behaviour as measured in the elevated plus-maze. Finally, apomorphine-induced stereotypy was similar in sluggish and rapid ejaculators, suggesting no large differences in dopamine susceptibility. Altogether, the present results suggest stable differences in male rat ejaculatory behaviour. Further exploring the neurobiological mechanisms underlying these differences may be a promising approach to gain insights into the aetiology of sexual dysfunctions such as premature, retarded or an-ejaculation.     

神经根嵌压伤中原癌基因形态蛋白和降钙素基因相关肽的表达

目的了解原癌基因形态蛋白c-fos在神经根慢性嵌压伤中的定位表达,及神经递质降钙素基因相关肽(CGRP)的表达与受损神经根功能状态改变的关系。方法采用椎间孔内自体松质骨植入,造成猫神经根嵌压模型,分别在造模术后1、2、4、8、12、24周在诱发电位监测下确定神经根功能状态。同时取不同程度损伤的神经根组织,利用原位杂交技术检测c-fos基因蛋白和CGRP的表达,并用自动图像分析仪确定表达强度。结果c-fbs基因蛋白表达在术后1周神经根的前后根纤维均明显增强。术后2-4周,后根纤维表达强度较前根减弱。至术后12周时,前根纤维表达强度明显减低,而后根纤维却较术后8周时略有回升。到术后24周时,二处表达均近于消失。CGRP表达在术后1周,前、后根受嵌压轴突处有明显的增加,在后根和节细胞内表达多于前根轴突,术后2周表达较术后1周减少,其中以节细胞和后根轴突表现尤为明显。而术后4周时,表达又再度加强,此次表达量增多在前根轴突内更为明显。术后8周时,表达强度达到高峰。术后12周后表达量开始缓慢下降。结论c-fos基因蛋白的表达形式有助于确定神经根功能受损的部位。神经在慢性损伤过程中后根感觉纤维变性早于前根运动纤维;CGRP在神经纤维受伤害性刺激发生变性时表达增强。     

癌基因产物c-jun和c-fos在髓母细胞瘤中的表达及临床意义

目的　了解c jun和c fos在髓母细胞瘤中的表达情况及其与预后的关系。方法　通过免疫组化方法测定c jun和c fos蛋白在 70例髓母细胞瘤和 10例正常小脑组织中的表达情况 ,并结合临床资料 ,对病人生存时间与c jun和c fos表达阳性率之间的关系进行分析。 结果　 (1)正常小脑组织标本不表达c jun和c fos;而髓母细胞瘤中多为不同程度的阳性表达 ,且以高阳性率为主 ,并发现阳性染色主要位于肿瘤细胞核 ,部分胞浆也有染色。 (2 )c jun和c fos表达呈正相关 (r =0 4 93,P <0 0 1) ;二者协同性较强。 (3)生存时间与c jun、c fos表达阳性率呈负相关 (c jun :r =- 0 4 4 7,P <0 0 1;c fos:r =- 0 5 90 ,P <0 0 1) ;c jun、c fos表达强度愈高 ,病人的生存率就愈低 ,生存时间就越短。结论　c jun和c fos在髓母细胞瘤组织中呈高表达。c jun和c fos二者在髓母细胞瘤中表达具有协同性。c jun、c fos在肿瘤中的阳性表达率与髓母细胞瘤病人的预后呈显著负相关     

Dizocilpine Blocks the Effects of Delta Sleep-Inducing Peptide-Induced Suppression of c-fos Gene Expression in the Paraventricular Nucleus of the Hypothalamus in Rats

The characteristics of the actions of the non-competitive blocker of NMDA receptors dizocilpine on the expression of the early c-fos gene in the paraventricular nuclei of the hypothalamus were studied in rats with different predicted susceptibilities to emotional stress in conditions of treatment with delta sleep-inducing peptide. The results showed that prior treatment with dizocilpine blocked reductions in c-fos expression induced by delta sleep peptide.     

Differential activation of glomeruli in the ferret's main olfactory bulb by anal scent gland odours from males and females: an early step in mate identification

Peripheral anosmia was previously found to disrupt sex discrimination and partner preference in male and female ferrets. Here we show directly that volatile anal scent gland odourants from male and female ferrets activated overlapping but distinguishable clusters of glomeruli located in the ventral-caudal portion of the main olfactory bulb (MOB) of breeding ferrets of both sexes. No glomerular activation was seen in the accessory olfactory bulb (AOB). The profile of MOB glomerular activation induced in oestrous females by male anal scents was very similar to that induced by direct contact with a male during mating, and oestrogen treatment failed to alter the profile of glomerular activation induced in ovo-hysterectomized females by male anal scents. In rodents, 'atypical' MOB glomeruli, which have dense acetylcholinesterase (AChE) activity in the neuropil, may be activated by body odours from conspecifics. No such AChE-staining 'atypical' glomeruli were found in the ferret's MOB, suggesting that in this carnivore they do not constitute a subset of MOB glomeruli that respond to body odourants. In ferrets of both sexes, volatile body odourants that are detected by the main as opposed to the vomeronasal-AOB accessory olfactory system may play a critical role in mate identification.     

Functional association of immediate early gene c-fos with nuclear matrix

Accumulation of c-fos gene locus DNA in the nuclear matrix of hepatocyte nuclei was observed during induction of c-fos with cycloheximide. No enhanced association with the nuclear matrix was detected for inactive immunoglobulin gene locus. The use of endogenous DNAses allows isolation of nuclear matrix preparations enriched with transcribing chromatin.