Evaluation of wound healing activity of Lantana camara L. - a preclinical study

Lantana camara is used in herbal medicine for the treatment of skin itches, as an antiseptic for wounds, and externally for leprosy and scabies. The objective of our study was to investigate excision wound healing activity of the leaf extract of L. camara in rats. The animals were divided into two groups of 12 each in both the models. The test group animals were treated with the aqueous extract of L. camara (100 mg/kg/day) topically and the control group animals were left untreated. Wound healing efficacy was measured by determining the morphological and biochemical parameters. Wound healing time, wound contraction and synthesis of collagen were monitored periodically. Antimicrobial activities of the extract against the microorganisms were also assessed. Treatment of the wounds with extract enhanced significantly the rate of wound contraction (98%), synthesis of collagen and decreased mean wound healing time. These studies demonstrate that L. camara is effective in healing excision wounds in the experimental animal and could be evaluated as a therapeutic agent in tissue repair processes associated with skin injuries.     

Safety of mTOR inhibitor continuation in pediatric heart transplant recipients undergoing surgical procedures

mTOR inhibitors have been associated with SWC when used in the perioperative period. Limited literature is available to guide providers in managing chronic mTOR inhibitor use in the perioperative period, especially in the pediatric setting. The primary aim of this study was to describe the prevalence of SWC with mTOR inhibitor continuation during the perioperative period for major surgeries. Heart transplant recipients ≤25 years old at the time of primary heart transplant receiving sirolimus maintenance therapy during a surgical procedure and within the study period were included. Surgeries identified within the study period included otolaryngology procedures (46.2%), such as tonsillectomies with or without adenoidectomies, cardiac surgeries (30.8%) including a sternal revision, pulmonary vein repair, and pacemaker placement in two patients, orthopedic surgeries (15.4%) including a posterior spinal fusion and an Achilles tendon lengthening with ankle and subtalar joint release, and a neurosurgery (7.7%), which was a ventriculoperitoneal shunt revision. Thirteen surgical encounters were examined. One SWC was observed, an infected pacemaker requiring systemic antibiotics and removal of the device. The results of this study suggest that sirolimus may be continued in the perioperative period based on the low rate of SWC observed.     

新型医用黏合剂治疗角膜穿通伤对眼前节的影响

目的探讨医用组织黏合剂治疗角膜穿通伤对眼前节的刺激反应,及对角膜内皮细胞和血-房水屏障功能的影响。方法 20只日本大耳白兔建立角膜穿通伤模型,右眼采用医用胶黏合、左眼采用缝线缝合术,术后大体观察兔眼前节情况;角膜共聚焦显微镜观察角膜内皮细胞形态和密度变化,抽兔眼房水行房水蛋白含量测定,透射电镜观察内皮细胞超微组织结构变化。结果术中和术后各时间点医用胶组和缝线组角膜伤口均密闭。两组术后不同时间点角膜共聚焦显微镜观察角膜穿通伤口周边内皮细胞形态和密度无明显差异。房水蛋白含量在术后7d均为最高,医用胶组和缝线组分别为(0.561±0.284)g·L-1、(0.523±0.303)g·L-1,随伤口愈合术后90d恢复正常,各观察时间点两组间差异均无统计学意义(均为P>0.05)。透射电镜观察角膜内皮细胞示:术后14d细胞超微结构基本正常,两组均可见细胞内少量粗面内质网扩张,空泡稍增多,线粒体肿胀;术后30d均恢复正常。结论医用组织黏合剂治疗角膜穿通伤口组织相容性好,对眼前节无明显刺激反应和异物反应。     

Epidemiology,aetiology and knowledge,attitudes, and practices relating to burn injuries in Palestine: A community‐level research

The aim of this study was to identify the epidemiology, aetiology as well as the knowledge, attitudes, and practices relating to burn injuries in Palestine. A mixed‐method approach was used. A survey was distributed to a total of 1500 households selected by randomised approach. The survey was standardised based on World Health Organisation''s guidelines for conducting community surveys on injury. Additionally, there were 12 focus group discussions and 10 key informant interviews to collect rich qualitative data. In the West Bank and Gaza, 1.5% of Palestinians had experienced serious burn injuries in the 12 months. The total sample of 1500 yields a margin of error (plus/minus) = 2.5% at a 95% level of confidence and a response distribution (P = 50%) with 3% non‐response rate. Of the 1500 households approached, 184 reported a total of 196 burn injuries, with 87.2% occurring inside the home: 69.4% were females and 39.3% were children. The main source of reported cause of burn was heat and flame (36%), electric current (31.6%), hot liquid (28.6%), and chemicals (2.7%). The most common first aid for burns was pouring water (74.7%). People in rural, refugee, and Bedouin settings had the highest incidence of burns. This study provides the burn prevalence rate, explanatory factors that contribute to the frequency of burns in Palestine. Making burn prevention a higher priority within the national policy is crucial.     

Risk factors of wound infection after lung transplantation: a narrative review

Background and ObjectiveThe incidence of incision infection after lung transplantation is prominently high which affect the prognosis. Summarizing the risk factors related to incision infection after lung transplantation contribute to the control of incision infection by pre-controlling the risk factors. The objective is to summarize risk factors related to wound infection after lung transplantation.MethodsPubMed was used to research the literature relating to the risk factors to incision infection after lung transplantation through 1990 to 2022. The retrieval strategy were Medical Subject Heading (MeSH) terms combined entry terms. Two researchers conducted the literature retrieval independently. Two researchers independently evaluate the quality of the literature and summarize the indicators.Key Content and FindingsA total of 98 researches were collected from PubMed and 8 articles described the related risk factors of incision infection after lung transplantation. All of the 8 articles were retrospective studies, of which 4 articles were grouped by the delayed chest closure (DCC) execution and the other 4 articles were grouped by the surgical site infection (SSI) occurred. Two articles performed multivariate regression analysis to determine the independent risk factors of SSI after lung transplantation and the other 6 articles compared the SSI rate in different patients population. The integrated results showed that bronchoalveolar lavages (BALs), smoking status, body mass index (BMI), diabetes, operation duration, thoracic drainage tube placement time and DCC were related to the SSI after lung transplantation.ConclusionsBALs, smoking status, BMI, diabetes, operation duration, thoracic drainage tube placement time and DCC were related to the SSI after lung transplantation.     

感觉神经肽P物质在糖尿病大鼠皮肤损伤修复中的应用

目的 观察外源性感觉神经肽P物质(SP)在糖尿病大鼠皮肤伤口愈合中的作用.方法 链脲佐菌素(STZ)致糖尿病大鼠48只,行鼠背部脊柱两侧皮肤切割伤口后,随机分为实验组与对照组,每组24只.实验组伤后在伤口四周注射10-7mol/L的SP,每日2次,每个伤口 200μl/次,连续注射4天;对照组注射等量SP溶剂生理盐水.伤后4、7、10、14、17、21天用透明膜描记法记录伤口愈合面积,伤后4、7、10天取材检测肉芽组织羟脯氨酸总量和Ⅰ型、Ⅲ型胶原含量.结果 实验组在伤后4、7、10、14天伤口愈合面积明显高于对照组(P<0.01),愈合时间比对照组缩短1周;伤后4、7、10天肉芽组织中羟脯氨酸含量、Ⅰ型、Ⅲ型胶原含量明显高于对照组(P<0.01).结论 应用外源性SP明显促进糖尿病大鼠皮肤创伤愈合.     

普通手术室和层流洁净手术室对手术切口感染率的影响

目的了解手术室空气质量与手术切口感染率的关系。方法比较在普通手术室和层流洁净手术室施行的手术切口感染率。结果在普通手术室施行的17 707例手术中发生切口感染232例,切口感染率为1.31%;洁净手术室施行的8 931例手术中发生切口感染65例,切口感染率为0.73%;两者比较,差异有显著性(P<0.005)。在普通手术室施行的Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ类手术切口感染率分别为0.59%、1.63%、5.23%,洁净手术室施行的Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ类手术切口感染率分别为0.25%、0.77%、6.06%,上述Ⅰ、Ⅱ类手术切口感染率差异均有显著性(分别为P<0.05,P<0.005),Ⅲ类手术切口感染率差异无显著性(P>0.05)。结论手术室采用层流空气净化系统可以明显降低Ⅰ、Ⅱ类手术切口感染率。     

Transperineal pelvic drainage combined with lateral position to promote perineal wound healing after abdominoperineal resection: A prospective cohort trial

Background:For the rectal cancer <5 cm from anal margin, extralevator abdominoperineal resection (eAPR) has been accepted widely by surgeons. However, the rate of perineal infection following up eAPR is approximately 70%. We did the study with the aim of evaluating the effect and safety of transperineal pelvic drainage combined with lateral position (TPDLP) on perineal wound in patients undergoing eAPR.Methods:Patients were randomly assigned to N-TPDLP group (standard arm) or TPDLP group (intervention arm). In the standard arm, surgery was completed after abdominal drainage tube was placed in pelvic. Comparatively, an additional transperineal wound drainage tube was applied in the experimental arm. Postoperatively, patients of both 2 groups were informed not to sit to reduce perineal compression until the perineal wound healed. But lateral position was demanded in the intervention arm. The primary endpoint was the rate of uncomplicated perineal wound healing defined as a Southampton wound score of <2 at 30 days postoperatively. Patients were followed for 6 months.Results:In total, 60 patients were randomly assigned to standard arm (n = 31) and intervention arm (n = 29). The mean perineal wound healing time was 34.2 (standard deviation [SD] 10.9) days in TPDLP arm, which significantly differ from 56.4 (SD 34.1) in N-TPDLP arm (P = .001). At 30 days postoperatively, 3 (10%) of 29 patients undergoing TPDLP were classified into grade 4 according to Southampton wound score, however, 16 (52%) of 31 patients were classified into grade 4 in control arm, and significantly difference was observed between randomization groups (P = .001). What''s more, perineal wound pain was assessed at 30 days postoperatively, and it is discovered that the pain degree of patients in control arm was significantly more severe than the interventive arm (P = .015).Conclusion:In the present study, we found that TPDLP generated a favorable prognosis for perineal wounds with acceptable side-effects.     

四种常见胃肠道手术后手术部位感染情况及相关危险因素分析

目的 探讨4种常见胃肠道手术后手术部位感染(SSI)情况及相关危险因素.方法 回顾性分析了2015年1月至2019年10月期间在三亚市人民医院接受胃肠道手术治疗的1248例病人的临床资料,包括结肠手术555例、胃手术364例、直肠手术179例、小肠手术150例.观察病人住院期间SSI的发生率,并采用多因素logisti...