冲洗液温度对前列腺切除术后出血的影响

目的 研究冲洗液温度对前列腺切除术后出血的影响。方法 耻骨上前列腺切除术患者80例,年龄60～82(平均67.4±10.3)岁,随机分为两组各40例。A组采用20℃的冲洗液冲洗膀胱,B组采用37℃的冲洗膀胱。两组所有患者均于膀胱冲洗前抽静脉血,分别测定其在20℃和37℃状态下的激活部分凝血活酶时间(APTT)、凝血酶原时间(PT)、凝血酶时间(TT)。同时比较两组术后出血量、冲洗总液量、血尿时间、寒冷反应及膀胱痉挛发生率,结果 检测80例患者血APTT,PT,TT均存在显著差异(P<0.001;冲洗总液量分别是(47883±±8953)ml和(19741±5490)mL,P<0.001;尿液转清时间分别是(47.5±16.9)h和(19.8±5.7)h,P相似文献   

绷带卷加压包扎预防起搏器植入术后囊袋出血的应用效果

目的 探讨绷带卷加压包扎在永久心脏起搏器植入术后囊袋止血中的应用效果.方法 选取永久心脏起搏器植入患者591例,分为试验组和对照组.试验组(296例)用两个医用绷带卷并排放置于起搏器囊袋上方,与切口平行,3M胶布条固定绷带卷,松紧以伤口不出血、绷带卷无移位为准,术后6 h松解胶布条和绷带卷.对照组(295例)将1 000 g沙袋置于起搏器囊袋上方,术后6 h取走沙袋.比较两组患者压迫止血的安全性和有效性.结果 两组在切口出血、囊袋血肿和皮肤压力性损伤发生方面比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);试验组切口疼痛、尿潴留和睡眠障碍的发生率低于对照组,比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05).结论 绷带卷加压包扎法可明显减少患者伤口疼痛、尿潴留、睡眠障碍的发生.     

CT Scan Diagnosis of Bleeding Peptic Ulcer after Gastric Bypass

Investigation of the bypassed stomach in patients with suspected peptic ulcer disease presents a major challenge to bariatric surgeons. Various methods have been suggested for visualization of the duodenum and bypassed stomach. These include endoscopy via percutaneous gastrostomy access, retrograde endoscopy and virtual gastroscopy using CT scan. We present a case of peptic ulcer bleeding diagnosed with the help of conventional CT scan. To the best of our knowledge, this is the second such case reported in the literature and the first in the bariatric population.     

第2代(温控)射频消融子宫内膜切除术

目的探讨第2代（温度控制）射频消融子宫内膜切除术的疗效、安全性和可行性。方法2004年9月-2006年2月由上海市4家医院联合开展一项多中心、前瞻性研究,完成功能性子宫出血温控射频消融子宫内膜切除术81例。在超声监护下,射频治疗以温度控制模式输出功率50 W、温度设定85℃,按照两侧宫角、宫底、宫体、下段部位顺序射频消融子宫内膜。每个治疗点治疗时间为4 min。结果81例术后随访4-17个月。术后6个月随访70例,其中闭经48.6%（34/70）,点滴状月经41.4%（29/70）,少量月经10%（7/70）,总有效率为100%（70/70）。术后12个月随访67例,其中闭经56.7%（38/67）,点滴状月经29.9%（20/67例）,少量月经9.0%（6/67）,正常月经量3.0%（2/67）,月经量过多1.5%（1/67）,总有效率98.5%（66/67）。结论温控射频消融子宫内膜切除术不仅使患者的异常子宫出血在保留子宫的情况下得到有效的治疗,同时具有操作方便、治疗时间短、并发症少、术后恢复快等特点。     

Thyroid Artery Erosion by Esophageal Cancer: Management with Interventional Radiology

Management of upper gastrointestinal bleeding because of erosion of vessels by esophageal cancer may be challenging. We present herein the angiographic images of a 49-year-old patient who was admitted with massive bleeding from a tumor-eroded inferior thyroid artery. Attempts to control the bleeding by means of flexible endoscopy and insertion of a Sengstaken–Blakemore tube had failed. The diagnosis was impressively demonstrated by multislice computed tomography with intravenous contrast in the arterial phase and multiplanar reconstructions (computed tomography angiography) and by digital subtraction angiography. The bleeding was successfully treated with superselective catheterization and coiling of the eroded vessel.     

The role of cement viscosity on cement-bone apposition and strength: an in vitro model with medullary bleeding

We compared the mechanical and morphological characteristics of cement-bone structures created with either standard- or low-viscosity cement using a human cadaver model that simulated intramedullary bleeding. The goal is to determine if the viscosity of the cement would affect the strength of the cement-bone interface and the degree of apposition between the cement and bone. The tensile strength of cement-bone constructs with standard-viscosity cement (2.42 +/- 1.55 MPa) was 21% stronger than with low-viscosity cement (2.00 +/- 1.51 MPa, P = .034). Cement-bone apposition was positively correlated (r2 = 0.29, P <. 0001) with the strength of the interface. There was 15% greater apposition between cement and bone (P = .036) for standard-viscosity cement. Low-viscosity cement may be less effective in displacing bone marrow and in preventing hemodynamic backflow, resulting in less apposition and a weaker interface.     

Risk of Gastrointestinal Bleeding With Extended Use of Nonsteroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drug Analgesia After Joint Arthroplasty

BackgroundChronic nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) use is associated with gastrointestinal bleeding via inhibition of endogenous mucosal protection and platelet aggregation. This study aimed to determine whether extended NSAIDs after joint arthroplasty is associated with increased risk of gastrointestinal bleeding.MethodsThis was a retrospective study examining 28,794 adults who underwent joint arthroplasty by one of 50 surgeons from 2016 to 2018. Episodes of gastrointestinal bleeding within 90 days postoperatively were identified prospectively. Postoperative medications were reported directly by patients with electronic questionnaires. The primary analysis was performed using binary logistic regression.ResultsA total of 74 (0.26%) episodes of gastrointestinal bleeding occurred within 90 days (median 8 days) postoperatively. Of 5086 patients with complete data included in the primary analysis, 59.6% had used NSAIDs with median duration of 2 weeks (interquartile range, 0-6 weeks). Patients with gastrointestinal bleeding were significantly older (71.3 vs 67.0 years), required longer hospitalizations (2.1 vs 1.5 days), and more commonly had a history of peptic ulcers (10.8% vs 0.9%). However, there was no positive association between NSAID use and gastrointestinal bleeding. In fact, the odds of gastrointestinal bleeding were lower in patients taking NSAIDs. Gastrointestinal bleeding was associated with anticoagulants, antiplatelet agents, and, to a lesser extent, aspirin.ConclusionNSAIDs were not associated with gastrointestinal bleeding and may be prescribed safely for a majority of patients after joint arthroplasty. The greatest odds of gastrointestinal bleeding occurred in patients with peptic ulcer disease and those who received antiplatelet and anticoagulation agents. Increasing age and bilateral surgery were also associated with gastrointestinal bleeding.Level of EvidenceLevel III.     

消化道出血血管造影结果分析(着重阴性结果分析)

目的分析血管造影阴性结果的原因,提高消化道出血诊断的阳性率.方法30例消化道出血患者,男24例,女6例,年龄14～72岁,根据病情选择及超选择性腹腔动脉、肠系膜上动脉及肠系膜下动脉造影.结果30例中阳性发现18例,均经临床、手术及病理证实,阳性率60%.12例为阴性结果,原因分析显示与病情急缓、出血量多少、出血部位、临床用药与否及造影方法等因素密切相关.结论密切结合临床、选择合适病例及出血时机、改进检查方法是提高诊断阳性率的关键.     

消化道出血的原因和特点

消化道出血是指血液由于各种原因经过胃肠道丢失,常见的病因包括消化道本身的炎症、机械性损伤、血管病变、肿瘤、胃肠道邻近脏器疾病等。不同原因导致的消化道出血其临床特点有显著差别。因此,充分认识消化道出血原因和特点有利于诊断和治疗。消化道出血分类方法很多,主要根据消化道出血的病因进行分类。     

胶囊内镜对不明原因消化道出血的诊断

胶囊内镜应用于临床以来,为小肠无创性、可视化性检查开创了一个新领域,并已成为诊断小肠疾病的重要手段。小肠出血在不明原因消化道出血中占一定比例,胶囊内镜的应用使小肠疾病及出血的诊断率得到很大提高。但胶囊内镜在确定病变具体位置和鉴别病变性质上有待完善。