四妙勇安汤加减治疗前葡萄膜炎临床研究

目的:观察四妙勇安汤加减治疗前葡萄膜炎的临床疗效。方法:将2013年2月—2015年4月本院收治的前葡萄膜炎患者80例随机分为对照组和观察组各40例,对照组给予滴眼液常规治疗,观察组则在对照组治疗的基础上加用四妙勇安汤加减治疗,7 d为1个疗程,连续用药4个疗程,观察两组患者临床疗效及相关指标的变化。结果:对照组有效率为72.5%,观察组有效率为92.5%,两组有效率比较(P0.05);观察组的中医证候积分(5.26±2.45)分较对照组(9.52±3.67)分显著降低(P0.05);观察组的视力明显优于对照组(P0.05);观察组的血清炎性因子IL-1β、IL-10、TNF-α、INF-γ水平均显著低于对照组(P0.05);随访后观察组的复发率22.5%显著低于对照组患者的37.5%(P0.05)。结论:四妙勇安汤加减治疗前葡萄膜炎疗效确切,利于改善临床症状,提高视力,减少复发,其机制与调控机体炎性反应有一定相关性。     

舌鳞状细胞癌淋巴管密度与淋巴转移的关系

目的 探讨舌鳞癌组织中淋巴管密度与鳞癌侵袭和转移的关系.方法 选择62例舌鳞癌标本,采用免疫组化SP法检测血管内皮生长因子受体-3(VEGFR-3)和血管内皮生长因子-D(VEGF-D)的表达.结果 62例舌鳞癌标本中有56例标本的VEGFR-3呈阳性表达,但功能性淋巴管主要分布在癌组织周围,癌间质中未见明显的成形淋巴管.舌鳞癌组织中淋巴管密度与舌鳞癌患者年龄、性别无关,而与舌鳞癌病理分级、临床分期和有无淋巴结状况密切相关(P＜0.05).VEGF-D在癌细胞胞质呈阳性表达,且随着VEGF-D表达增强,癌组织周围淋巴管密度亦明显增加.结论 VEGF-D和VEGFR-3途径可促进鳞癌淋巴管新生和淋巴转移.     

Muscle–bone relationship in temporomandibular joint disorders after partial discectomy

ObjectivesTemporomandibular joint osteoarthritis (TMJ-OA) causes degenerative changes in TMJ tissues. The inter-tissue crosstalk that exacerbates illness and organic changes in bone secondary to TMJ-OA potentially affects the muscles; therefore, patients with a muscular disease might also suffer from bone disease. However, knowledge gaps exist concerning muscle pathology at the onset of TMJ-OA. In this study, we documented the pathogeneses of the bone and muscle at the onset of TMJ-OA using a mouse model.MethodsWe performed a partial resection of the TMJ disk to establish a mouse model of TMJ-OA. After the onset of TMJ-OA, we performed various measurements at 8, 12, and 16 weeks post-surgery in the defined groups.ResultsThe volume of the mandibular head in the TMJ-OA group was significantly greater than that in the control group. The temporal muscles in the TMJ-OA group were significantly deformed compared with those in the control group; however, between-group comparisons did not reveal significant differences in the mandibular head or temporal muscles after surgery. Therefore, we hypothesized that the degree of mandibular head hypertrophy would alter the temporal muscles. A subsequent analysis of the correlation between the bone and muscle confirmed that the deformity of the temporal muscle increased with increasing hypertrophy of the mandibular head. Temporal and masseter muscle contact was observed in 25% of surgical groups.ConclusionsThis study demonstrates that TMJ-OA progressed when organic changes occurred in bones and muscles, supporting the symbiotic relationship between bones and muscles.     

上颌斜面导板在增强支抗和调整咬合中的应用

目的探讨上颌斜面导板在加强下前牙支抗及治疗末期调整后牙尖窝关系中的作用。方法选择需下颌后牙前移而下前牙不能过多后移或治疗后期后牙尖窝关系不理想的患者62例,其中29例戴用上颌斜面导板加强下前牙支抗或治疗末期调整后牙尖窝关系,33例未戴用上颌斜面导板,对两组治疗前后的头颅侧位片进行测量并对组内和组间的差异进行统计学分析。结果上颌斜面导板能增强下前牙支抗,在关闭下前牙或下后牙间隙时,斜面导板阻挡下前牙,防止下前牙舌倾及后移,保证前牙覆牙合、覆盖正常。上颌斜面导板还可打开后牙咬合,使上下颌后牙脱离锁结,便于后牙前移及后牙尖窝关系的调整。结论上颌斜面导板能缩短治疗时间,使治疗效果更理想。     

Quantitative analysis of the elastic fibres in the human temporomandibular articular disc and its attachments

A quantitative study of the elastic fibres found in the human temporomandibular disc and its attachments was performed. Seven left discs from 57- to 82-year-old subjects, without macroscopic evidence of a TMJ disorder, were analysed and prepared in parasagittal sections. The surface amount was measured, thresholded and expressed from 0 to 1, using microscopic digitized views after Weigert's resorcin-fuchsin staining of elastic fibres. Fibre density rates ranged from 0 to 0.687. The mean density was 0.1532 (sigma=0.1150) in the upper bilaminary zone, 0.1097 (sigma=0.1159) in the lower bilaminary zone, 0.0474 (sigma=0.0782) in the anterior band, 0.0180 (sigma=0.0603) in the posterior band and null in the intermediate zone. The difference in density rate between the structures was significant, except for the posterior band and the intermediate zone. The elastic fibre density rates in central and medial locations of the upper and lower bilaminary zones were twice as big as in the lateral locations. In the anterior band, the elastic fibre density was less abundant medially than in its lateral part. These quantitative results support the current elastic fibre distribution scheme, and confirm the necessity of studying their orientation, taking into account age and temporomandibular joint health parameters.     

建立下颌前牙牙槽骨吸收和联冠修复的三维有限元模型

目的：建立下颌前牙不同程度牙槽骨吸收后的釉质、牙本质、牙骨质、牙周膜、松质骨、皮质骨等组织的三维有限元模型。方法：利用薄层CT扫描技术与Ansys软件相结合，对层厚为1mm的CT断层影像进行分析处理。结果：模型具有良好的几何相似性，共有单元约13万个，节点约19万个，数据量约130MB，可以根据要求任意旋转、缩放、透视、剖开，进行多种方式观察；并可以按照不同研究目的和要求，对模型进行简单的修改和调整，模拟牙槽骨吸收、联冠修复等临床治疗所需的几何形态，考查各种约束和加载条件下前牙的力学反应；讨论了约束的处理和载荷的施加方式。结论：薄层CT扫描技术与Ansys软件相结合建立的三维有限元模型，能较精确地模拟实际情况，为进一步研究下颌前牙牙槽骨吸收和联冠修复奠定了良好的基础。     

Soluble tumour necrosis factor receptors in synovial fluids from temporomandibular joints with painful anterior disc displacement without reduction and osteoarthritis

The objective of this study was to detect soluble-form tumour necrosis factor receptors (sTNFRs) in temporomandibular joint (TMJ) synovial fluid aspirates, and to compare the sTNFR concentrations between painful anterior disc displacement without reduction and osteoarthritis (ADDwoR/OA) and asymptomatic TMJs.Synovial fluid was sampled from the superior TMJ cavity of 11 painful ADDwoR/OA cases (mean age: 36.9 years) and 10 asymptomatic females (mean age: 24.7 years) by diluted aspiration. The concentrations of sTNFR-I and -II in the synovial fluid were measured using human sTNFR-I and -II enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays. The total protein concentrations in synovial fluids were measured using a bicinchoninic acid protein assay kit. All data were normalised to the total protein concentration of each sample.Two-way factorial analysis of variance and post hoc multiple comparison revealed that: (1). mean normalised sTNFR-I and -II concentrations were higher in TMJ synovial aspirates from ADDwoR/OA patients than from healthy controls; (2). in the ADDwoR/OA patients and the healthy controls, the sTNFR-I concentration in TMJ synovial aspirates was higher than the sTNFR-II concentration; and (3). high TMJ synovial aspirate sTNFR-II seemed to be associated with less TMJ pain and a less restricted range of mouth opening in the ADDwoR/OA patients.The concentrations of sTNFRs in TMJ synovial fluid are higher in the presence of painful ADDwoR/OA, which could modulate intracapsular inflammation.     

微创经皮骨盆前环内固定术治疗不稳定性骨盆前环损伤患者的效果

目的:观察微创经皮骨盆前环内固定术治疗不稳定性骨盆前环损伤患者的效果。方法:选取77例不稳定性骨盆前环损伤患者作为研究对象,按随机数字表法将其分为对照组38例与观察组39例。对照组采用开放性骨盆前环外固定术治疗,观察组采用微创经皮骨盆前环内固定术治疗,比较两组疾病相关指标水平、并发症发生率和治疗效果。结果:观察组手术时间长于对照组,骨痂形成时间短于对照组,术中出血量少于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);两组并发症发生率比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);观察组优良率为97.44%(38/39),明显高于对照组的84.21%(32/39),差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:微创经皮骨盆前环内固定术治疗不稳定性骨盆前环损伤患者可提高优良率,缩短骨痂形成时间,以及减少术中出血量的效果优于开放性骨盆前环外固定术治疗,但手术时间会延长。