Tethering technique using bone screws and wire for chronic mandibular dislocation: a preliminary study of refractory cases

A retrospective study was performed to determine the efficacy of a tethering procedure developed to achieve a more rigid fixation and more reliable outcome in patients with refractory dislocation of the temporomandibular joint. The cases of eight patients with dementia and systemic diseases who underwent this technique were reviewed. In these eight patients, the condyles of 13 joints were ligated using wire between screws placed in the eminence and condylar head. Additional screw–wire ligations were applied to reinforce the restraint of movement in five of the 13 joints with suspected uncontrolled dislocation. The procedure was performed successfully, and the patients were followed-up for an average of 25 months. In one patient, dislocation recurred 1 year postoperatively due to wire breakage. The five joints in which a double set of screw–wire tethering was applied showed no recurrence or wire disturbance. This technique may, therefore, have short-term efficacy in cases that are refractory to standard procedures, although the material used for ligation should be investigated further. This approach can contribute to the quality of life of patients, particularly those with a short life-expectancy.     

全髋关节置换术与空心钉内固定术治疗股骨颈骨折的疗效对比分析

目的探讨全髋关节置换术与空心钉内固定术治疗股骨颈骨折的临床疗效。方法回顾性分析2012年1月～2013年8月在我院进行治疗的股骨颈骨折患者40例的临床资料。其中20例患者采用全髋关节置换术治疗，20例患者采用空心钉内固定术治疗，并比较两组临床疗效。结果置换组手术时间显著较内固定组长，出血量显著较多，但其术后下地活动时间、愈合时间及住院时间显著较短（P〈0．01）。置换组优良率显著高于内固定组（P〈0．05）。结论全髋关节置换术与空心钉内固定术治疗股骨颈骨折比较，临床疗效更好，术后恢复更快，但其手术创伤相对较大，手术时间更长，术中出血量较大。     

To compare the efficacy between fixation with tightrope and screw in the treatment of syndesmotic injuries: A meta-analysis

Background

To compare the efficacy between fixation with suture-button and screw in the treatment of syndesmotic injuries: a meta-analysis.

Usefulness of interposition arthroplasty in the Sauvé–Kapandji procedure for rheumatoid wrist

Abstract

The aim of synovectomy combined with the Sauvé–Kapandji (S–K) procedure for the treatment of a rheumatoid wrist is to obtain a stable painless wrist that retains sufficient mobility for function. However, loss of motion occurs postoperatively in most cases. In our study of 59 rheumatoid patients, the results of the transposition of distal strips of retinaculum into the radiocarpal and ulnocarpal joints for interposition arthroplasty to maintain wrist motion (interposition group), and transposition below the extensors to provide a gliding surface (SK group) were evaluated. The distal end of the ulna was fixed to the radius with poly-L-lactic acid screws, and a proximal strip of retinaculum was placed above the extensors after synovectomy of the rheumatoid wrist. Clinical symptoms, radiographic changes, and postoperative complications were assessed 3–9 years (mean 5.9 years) postoperatively. Patients in the interposition group showed better postoperative results, including wrist motion, than those of patients in the SK group. Both procedures resulted in only minor complications such as superficial skin necrosis, hematoma, and superficial infection. We concluded that interpostion arthroplasty combined with the S–K procedure using a distal strip of retinaculum might be a safe and appropriate method for wrist reconstruction following synovectomy of a rheumatoid wrist.     

Anatomic structures at risk in anteroposterior screw fixation of posterior malleolar fractures: A cadaver study

IntroductionPercutaneous anterior-posterior (AP) screw is an option for posterior malleolus fracture fixation when the fracture fragment can be reduced indirectly by the mean of ligamentotaxis. However, anterior anatomic structures could be injured during screw placement.Materials and methodsEleven below-knee cadavers were employed for the placement of AP screws in an attempt of fixing assumed Haraguchi Type-I posterior malleolar fractures. Three entry points were selected as medial to the anterior tibial tendon (ATT), lateral to the ATT, and lateral to the extensor digitorum longus (EDL). Three AP screws were placed under guidance of fluoroscopy. After dissection, measurements were made (mm) from each screw to nearby structures. Distances were calculated and damage to structures was documented.ResultsMean, minimum, and maximum distances from the medial screw to the greater saphenous vein, TA, EHL, anterior tibial artery (ATA), and deep peroneal nerve (DPN), were 18.1 (12–25) mm, 2.0 (0–5) mm, 13.6 (9–20) mm, 16.6 (9–25) mm, and 20.1 (12–27) mm. From the middle screw to the ATA, DPN, TA, EHL, and EDL, were 1.2 (0–3) mm, 4.9 (3–9) mm, 3.8 (1–7) mm, 0.4 (0–2) mm, and 13.6 (10–18) mm. From the lateral screw to the superficial peroneal nerve (SPN), EDL, DPN, and ATA, were 10.8 (0–16) mm, 1.2 (0–4) mm, 15.9 (11–25) mm, 19 (15–27) mm. The SPN was found partially cut by the lateral screw on 1 specimen.ConclusionsLateral and middle percutaneous AP screw placement put certain anatomic structures at-risk of injury. Medial screw placement did not result in appreciable damage to adjacent structures. Entry point of AP screws should be selected with respect to posterior malleolar fracture and anatomic structures.Level of evidenceIV.     

关节镜下经髌腱入路空心拉力螺钉复位固定治疗胫骨髁间嵴撕脱骨折*

目的探讨在关节镜下经髌腱入路,利用空心拉力螺钉复位固定胫骨髁间嵴撕脱骨折(TEFx)的安全性和有效性。方法选取2014年1月-2015年12月23例TEFx的患者,均在关节镜下经髌腱入路,用空心拉力螺钉复位固定。术前Meyers-McKeever分型:Ⅱ型8例,Ⅲ型10例,Ⅳ型5例;男17例,女6例;年龄16～53岁,平均27.8岁。术前前抽屉试验、Lachman试验均阳性。比较术前术后的视觉模拟评分(VAS)、Lysholm、Tegner和国际膝关节文献委员会(IKDC)评分评价患侧膝关节功能。结果 23例患者均得到随访,随访时间30～40个月,平均36个月。术后即刻X线片示TEFx均复位良好,术后3个月骨折均愈合。无1例感染、关节僵硬、伸直受限、复位丢失及神经血管损伤等并发症。最终随访患侧膝关节活动度均恢复正常,前抽屉试验、Lachman试验均阴性。VAS评分术前(4.8±1.2)分,最终随访为(1.2±0.8)分,术前术后比较,差异有统计学意义(t=18.72,P=0.003);Lysholm评分术前为(50.8±6.2)分,最终随访为(90.8±5.4)分,术前术后比较,差异有统计学意义(t=-42.64,P=0.000);Tegner评分术前为(4.0±1.0)分,最终随访为(5.1±1.2)分,术前术后比较,差异有统计学意义(t=-16.82,P=0.005);IKDC主观评分术前为(52.5±7.4)分,最终随访为(91.5±5.7)分,术前术后比较,差异有统计学意义(t=-40.58,P=0.000)。结论膝关节镜下经髌腱入路空心拉力螺钉内固定治疗TEFx具有微创、操作简捷、固定可靠和恢复快的优点。     

Clinical implications of additional posterior fractures in combined anterior-posterior pelvic ring fractures in elderly patients

ObjectivesHistorically, pelvic ring fractures (PRF) are considered to occur predominantly in the anterior ring and therfore to be mechanically stable. Combined anterior and posterior (A + P) PRF are expected to be less mechanically stable and therefore to be associated with higher levels of pain and reduced mobility compared to isolated anterior fractures. The current study investigates the clinical relevance of combined A + P PRF in elderly patients.MethodsA prospective multicentre cohort study was conducted in patients >70 years of age with anterior PRF after low-energy trauma diagnosed on conventional radiographs. All patients underwent an additional CT-scan. Patients were divided into two groups; isolated anterior or combined A + P fractures. Patients were treated conservatively with adequate analgesia for at least one week. If patients could not be mobilised after conservative treatment, surgical fixation was performed. Numerical Rating Scale (NRS) pain scores, dependence on walking aids and Activities of Daily Living scores (ADL) were measured at 2–4 weeks, and 3, 6 and 12 months after fracture.Results102 patients (age 81.1 ± 7.6 years) were included. Isolated anterior fractures were diagnosed in 25 (24.5%) and A + P fractures in 77 (75.5%) patients. Baseline characteristics did not differ between the two groups. Most patients were successfully treated conservatively and 5 (4.9%) underwent percutaneous trans-iliac, trans-sacral screw fixation after failure of conservative treatment. At 2–4 weeks post trauma, patients with A + P fractures had similar median pain scores (3 (range 0–8) vs. 5 (0–10), p = 0.19) and ADL scores (85 (25–100) vs. 78.6 (5–100), p = 0.67), but were more dependent on walking aids (92.8% vs. 72.2%; p = 0.02) compared to patients with isolated anterior fractures. There were no significant differences at 3 months. At one year follow-up the median NRS pain and ADL scores for both fracture groups were 0 and 100, respectively. Mortality was 10.8%, and additional loss to follow-up was 17.6%.ConclusionsThe vast majority of elderly patients with PRF have combined A + P fractures. The clinical implications of additional posterior pelvic ring fractures in elderly patients appears to be limited.     

侧块螺钉固定术后不同颈椎曲度与脊髓后移的关系及其对手术疗效的影响

目的探讨全椎板减压侧块螺钉固定术后颈椎曲度大小与脊髓后移距离的关系及其对手术疗效的影响。方法回顾性分析2016年10月至2017年12月邯郸市中心医院行全椎板减压侧块螺钉固定术的85例脊髓型颈椎病患者的临床资料,其中有78例患者获得完整随访,术后根据Harrison方法测量颈椎曲度将患者分为A组(43例,0°≤颈椎角≤16.5°)和B组(35例,颈椎角>16.5°)。观察两组患者术后脊髓后移距离、神经恢复效果、轴性症状及C5神经麻痹发生情况。结果A组患者术后颈椎角为(8.5°±3.8°),B组为(19.6°±3.0°),两组比较差异有统计学意义(t=14.071,P<0.001);A组患者椎板切除宽度为(22.1±1.7)mm,B组为(21.8±1.5)mm,两组比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);A组患者脊髓后移距离为(1.7±0.4)mm,B组为(3.2±0.7)mm,两组比较差异有统计学意义(t=11.879,P<0.001)。术后两组患者神经功能均有显著恢复,至术后1年时,两组神经功能改善率分别为(63.3±13.1)%和(65.1±13.9)%,组间比较差异无统计学意义(t=0.587,P=0.559)。A组术后1周时VAS评分为(5.2±1.3)分,术后1个月时为(3.5±0.6)分;B组分别为(3.8±0.8)、(2.4±0.4)分,组间不同时间点比较差异均有统计学意义(t=5.567,P<0.001;t=9.289,P<0.001);A组患者C5神经麻痹发生率为7.0%(3/43),B组为11.4%(4/35),两组比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论术后颈椎曲度越大脊髓后移越充分,术后颈椎曲度的丢失与轴性症状的发生有关,颈椎曲度与神经功能的恢复及C5神经麻痹的发生无关。