High prevalence of gastroesophageal reflux in patients with clinical unstable angina and known coronary artery disease

Objectives: Esophageal disease may mimic acute anginal pain. However, the prevalence of gastroesophageal reflux in the acute setting of patients with clinically unstable angina (UA) pectoris is not known. The aim of this study was to determine the co‐existence of coronary artery disease (CAD) and gastroesophageal reflux in UA, and to study the feasibility of esophageal investigation in the chest pain unit. Design: 22 patients with clinical UA and confirmed CAD were monitored by continuous vector cardiography and pH‐measurement during 24?h of observation. Symptoms of chest pain and episodes of ischemia and reflux were recorded. Results: 11 patients (50%) showed abnormal gastroesophageal reflux and another three (14%) had an increased number of reflux episodes. pH‐measurements and esophageal manometry were well tolerated. Few chest pain episodes were recorded during the study period, and no association between chest pain, reflux, and ischemia could be shown. Conclusion: Esophageal reflux is common in patients with UA and established CAD. As reflux‐related chest pain may imitate angina pectoris, it is clinically important that gastroesophageal examination in patients with UA seems to be feasible and well tolerated in the ‘acute setting’.     

Vasospastic Angina with J‐Wave Pattern and Polymorphic Ventricular Tachycardia Effectively Treated with Quinidine

Background: Myocardial ischemia during coronary spasm may generate malignant ventricular arrhythmias. The J‐wave pattern was suggested to be a marker of a disorder associated with life‐threatening arrhythmias. Results: We report the case of a patient with vasospastic angina and J‐wave pattern in inferior and lateral leads associated with polymorphic ventricular tachycardia which was effectively treated only with quinidine—vasodilating drugs were not able to prevent the arrhythmia although they were effective in preventing ischemic events. Conclusion: The J‐wave pattern in inferolateral leads may be a sign of electrical vulnerability to lethal ventricular arrhythmia in patients suffering from vasospastic angina—quinidine can effectively prevent such arrhythmias in these patients.     

心绞痛患者同型半胱氨酸和内皮素及血管性假血友病因子的改变

目的 :观察不稳定型心绞痛 (UAP)患者同型半胱氨酸 (Hcy)、内皮素 (ET)及血管性假血友病因子(vWF)的变化。方法 :UAP患者 34例、正常体检者 2 1例分别在清晨采血测定Hcy、ET及vWF值。 结果 :UAP患者Hcy、ET及vWF值均明显高于正常者 [(12 .2± 3.2 )∶(4 .9± 1.6 ) μmol/L、(12 9.3± 2 6 .4 )∶(85 .2± 39.6 )ng/L及 (185 .4± 32 .4 ) %∶(14 2 .1± 4 2 .0 ) % ,均P <0 .0 5 ],三者之间不具有相关性 (r =0 .18、0 .19、0 .15 ,均P >0 .0 5 )。结论 :Hcy、ET及vWF的改变可能参与UAP的病理生理过程。     

通心络胶囊对不稳定型心绞痛病人血栓前状态的影响

目的观察不稳定型心绞痛病人血浆纤溶酶原激活物抑制物-1(PAI-1)、血栓素B2(TXB2)、6-酮-前列环素F1α(6-Keto-PGF1α)含量变化及通心络胶囊对其影响.方法将48例不稳定型心绞痛病人随机分为对照组(基础治疗)和治疗组(基础治疗加通心络胶囊治疗).分别用酶联吸附双抗体夹心法、放射免疫法检测治疗前后血浆PAI-1、TXB2、6-Keto-PGF1α含量,并观察不稳定型心绞痛病人治疗前后临床症状及心电图变化来评价通心络胶囊对不稳定型心绞痛的临床疗效.结果治疗4周后,两组病人临床症状、心电图变化得到改善,治疗组和对照组治疗总有效率分别为90.00%、86.67%,无统计学意义(P＞0.05).两组病人治疗后血浆PAI-1、TXB2含量较治疗前明显下降(P＜0.01),且治疗组比对照组下降更显著(P＜0.05).结论通心络胶囊能有效地改善不稳定型心绞痛病人血栓前状态,提高其临床疗效.     

The effects of nisoldipine on the total ischaemic burden: the results of the ROCKET study

This study was designed to examine the effects of nisoldipine(relative to placebo), a new dihydropyridine calcium entry blockingagent, in the treatment of silent ischaemia in conventionaldoses. A total of 409 patients with proven coronary artery diseasewere screened and of this 64 had at least six episodes or atotal duration of 30 mm of ST segment depression (1 mm lastingat least 1 min) over 48 h. Fifty-two patients ultimately completeda randomized double-blind cross-over study comparing nisoldipine5 mg twice a day, nisoldipine 10 mg daily and placebo. There was a reduction in the ST segment integral and numberof episodes of ST segment depression when compared to placeboon treatment with nisoldipine 5 mg twice a day and nisoldipine10 mg daily. However, the confidence limits were wide and crossedthe no-treatment effect line. In addition, the nisoldipine dosesneither affected the circadian distribution of ischaemic episodesnor caused an alteration of the workload achieved either atpeak exercise or at 1 mm ST segment depression measured 24 hafter nidoldipine 10 mg or 12 h after nisoldipine 5 mg. We conclude that frequent silent ischaemia in patients withproven coronary artery disease is relatively uncommon, it accountsfor approximately 16% of patients with positive exercise. Inthese patients nisoldipine, given as 5mg twice a day and 10mg daily, showed no significant therapeutic effects, eitheron the frequency or severity of silent ischaemia. New formulationsof slow release nisoldipine are consequently being developedso that a fuller 24 h therapeutic profile may be obtained.     

丹红注射液对不稳定型心绞痛病人炎症反应物及纤溶活性的影响

目的探讨丹红注射液对不稳定型心绞痛(UA)病人血浆炎症反应物及纤溶活性的影响。方法140例UA病人随机分为常规治疗组(67例)和丹红治疗组(73例),另设正常对照组50名。丹红治疗组于常规治疗基础上加用丹红注射液20mL静脉输注,每日1次,疗程为3周。两组分别于治疗前及结束时测定血清C-反应蛋白(CRP)、白细胞介素-6(IL-6)、纤维蛋白原(FIB)、D-二聚体(DD)浓度和组织型纤溶酶原激活物(t-PA)、纤溶酶原激活物抑制物-1(PAI-1)活性。结果丹红注射液治疗3周后,CRP,IL-6,FIB,DD,PAI-1水平下降(P<0.05或P<0.01),t-PA活性升高(P<0.01)。治疗前UA病人的CRP与IL-6,PAI-1,DD呈正相关(P<0.05或P<0.01),与t-PA呈负相关(P<0.01)。丹红治疗组治疗后CRP与IL-6,PAI-1呈正相关(P<0.05或P<0.01),与t-PA呈负相关(P<0.05)。结论UA病人应用丹红注射液治疗,可能有利于抑制炎症反应,改善内皮功能,提高纤溶活性,稳定斑块。     

葛兰心宁软胶囊治疗冠状动脉粥样硬化性心脏病不稳定型心绞痛临床观察

目的：观察葛兰心宁软胶囊治疗冠状动脉粥样硬化性心脏病不稳定型心绞痛患者的临床疗效。方法：将87例冠状动脉粥样硬化性心脏病不稳定型心绞痛患者,在常规治疗的基础上加用葛兰心宁软胶囊,每次2粒（1.16 g）,每日3次,4周后观察临床疗效。结果：87例患者中治愈47例,好转21例,未愈19例,有效率78.2%。结论：葛兰心宁软胶囊可明显缓解冠状动脉粥样硬化性心脏病不稳定心绞痛患者的临床症状,且不良反应小。     

大株红景天注射液治疗心绞痛的Meta分析

目的 评价大株红景天注射液治疗心绞痛的疗效和安全性。方法 计算机检索Medline、Embase、The Cochrane Library和CNKI、VIP、万方等文献数据库,按纳入和排除标准纳入合格的随机对照试验文献,并对其进行质量评价和meta分析。结果 符合纳入标准的文献共有14篇,包括1 616例患者,但这些研究的质量普遍不高。Meta分析结果显示,大株红景天注射液与对照组心绞痛临床症状疗效和心电图改善的合并比值比(odd ratio,OR)分别为2.29和2.16,95%的可信区间(CI)分别为(1.78,2.96)和(1.69,2.76);大株红景天注射液治疗心绞痛,临床症状疗效和心电图改善优于对照组,但无可靠证据显示该药的安全性。结论 目前,仅有少量证据支持大株红景天注射液作为西医基础治疗的辅助药物时在改善各类心绞痛症状和心电图表现方面优于单纯西医基础治疗,由于纳入研究的数量少和质量不高,且缺乏一些重要的终点指标和生活质量相关指标,尚不能从本系统评价得出大株红景天注射液治疗心绞痛优于单纯西医基础治疗的结论。     

蓝芩口服液联合干扰素雾化吸入治疗小儿疱疹性咽峡炎

目的:观察蓝芩口服液联合干扰素雾化吸入治疗小儿疱疹性咽峡炎的临床疗效和安全性。方法:疱疹性咽峡炎患儿随机分为两组,在支持治疗的基础上,对照组(57例)予利巴韦林静滴,观察组(58例)口服蓝芩口服液联合干扰素雾化吸入。观察比较两组临床症状消失时间及治疗总有效率和药品不良反应。结果:观察组症状消失时间较对照组明显缩短(P<0.05),治疗总有效率明显优于对照组(P<0.05)。两组药品不良反应均少而轻微。讨论:蓝芩口服液联合干扰素雾化吸入治疗小儿疱疹性咽峡炎疗效肯定,临床症状消失快,使用方便,且安全性好,值得临床推广应用。