Accuracy of patient-specific instrumentation in anatomic and reverse total shoulder arthroplasty

Purpose:Glenoid component malposition is associated with poor function and early failure of both anatomic and reverse total shoulder arthroplasty. Glenoid positioning is challenging particularly in the setting of bone loss or deformity. Recently, the use of computer assistance has been shown to reduce implantation error. The aim of this study is to evaluate the accuracy of patient-specific instrumentation in cases of anatomic and reverse shoulder replacement in vivo.Methods:Twenty patients underwent total shoulder arthroplasty using a computed tomography (CT)-based patient-specific instrumentation (PSI) system, ten anatomic and ten reverse. Preoperative three-dimensional digital templating of glenoid component position was undertaken and surgery then performed using a custom-made guide. Postoperative CT scans were used to compare final implanted component position to the preoperatively planned position in the same patient.Results:Final component position and orientation closely reflected the preoperatively templated position. Mean deviation in the glenoid version from planned was 1.8° ±1.9° (range, 0.1°–7.3°). Mean deviation in inclination was 1.3° ±1.0° (range, 0.2°–4.5°). Mean deviation in position on the glenoid face was 0.5 ± 0.3 mm (range, 0.0–1.3 mm) in the anteroposterior plane and 0.8 ± 0.5 mm (range, 0.0–1.9 mm) in the superoinferior plane. Actual achieved version was within 7° of neutral in all cases except for one where it was deliberately planned to be outside of this range.Conclusion:PSI in both anatomic and reverse shoulder arthroplasty is highly accurate in guiding glenoid component implantation in vivo. The system can reliably correct bony deformity.     

术前决策辅助对关节置换患者决策参与的影响

目的探讨术前决策辅助对关节置换患者决策参与的影响。方法将120例关节置换患者以简单随机化法分组,奇数分配到对照组,偶数分配到观察组,每组各60例,对照组按常规实施护理,观察组在常规护理基础上实施术前决策辅助干预,比较两组患者决策参与意愿和实际决策参与有无差异。结果两组决策参与意愿类型比较,差异无统计学意义(P0.05);观察组实际决策参与程度显著高于对照组(P0.01)。结论术前决策辅助能提高关节置换患者在实际临床活动中的决策参与程度。     

连续股神经阻滞联合硬膜外吗啡镇痛在老年患者全膝关节置换术中的应用

目的探讨超声引导下连续股神经阻滞(CFNB)联合单次硬膜外腔吗啡镇痛在老年患者全膝关节置换术(TKA)中的应用。方法 80例行单侧全膝关节置换术的老年患者,男35例,女45例,年龄60~79岁,ASAⅡ或Ⅲ级,随机均分为两组:CFNB复合硬膜外吗啡组(FNM组)和CFNB组(FN组)。手术缝合切口时,FNM和FN组经硬膜外导管分别注入0.1%吗啡2ml和生理盐水2ml。手术结束后两组均于超声引导下行0.2%罗哌卡因CFNB。分别记录术后24、48、72、96h时静息状态、主动和被动功能锻炼时VAS评分及患肢被动弯曲度;观察两组患者术后第5天的活动情况和满意度。结果术后24hFNM组静息状态时、主动锻炼和被动锻炼时VAS评分明显低于,膝关节弯曲度明显大于FN组(P0.05或P0.01);FNM组患者术后第5天下床活动评分明显高于,术后满意度评分明显低于FN组(P0.05)。结论超声引导下CFNB联合硬膜外吗啡早期镇痛可明显改善老年患者TKA术后镇痛,康复效果佳。     

踝间线足背动脉在全膝关节置换术髓外定位中的临床应用

目的探讨踝关节力学中心体表标志点,为全膝关节置换术(TKA)下肢力线的准确定位提供依据。方法对64例膝骨关节炎(OA)终末期患者实施初次TKA治疗,股骨侧采用髓内定位,胫骨侧采用髓外定位,实验组(34例)踝关节力学中心位于踝间线足背动脉处,对照组(30例)定位则按传统方法进行。术后测量患者胫骨假体胫骨角及后倾角。结果患者均获得随访,时间4~6年。胫骨假体胫骨角平均度数:实验组为(2.1±0.2)°,对照组为(2.6±0.1)°,差异有统计学意义(P0.05);胫骨假体后倾角:实验组为(3.1±0.2)°,对照组为(3.3±0.1)°,差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。实验组胫骨假体力线优于对照组。结论踝间线足背动脉定位可靠,其标示简单易行,能提高胫骨假体力线的精确度,不失为TKA术中踝关节力学中心定位的理想参考。     

血小板CD36与膝关节置换术后发生急性肺栓塞的相关因素

目的探讨血小板CD36的表达与行全膝关节置换术(TKA)患者术后发生急性肺栓塞(APE)的关系。方法选取50例TKA术后发生APE患者和同期150例TKA术后未发生APE和血栓患者进行基本资料比较。结果两组患者年龄、抗凝剂使用、总胆固醇(TC)、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDL-C)、甘油三酯(TG)以及D-二聚体(D-D)比较差异均有统计学意义(P0.05)。血小板CD36在APE患者中明显高表达,差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。在Logistic回归分析中,年龄、抗凝剂的使用、D-D以及血小板CD36的异常表达与APE发生密切相关。ROC曲线分析结果显示,血小板CD36的高表达在对于TKA术后发生APE具有较好的诊断价值,曲线下面积为0.821(95%CI 0.749~0.892,P0.001),敏感性为81.6%,特异性为71.5%。结论血小板CD36在TKA术后发生APE的患者中升高,CD36在血小板的异常表达是TKA患者发生APE的危险因素。TKA后行血小板CD36检测对于预防APE发生有一定临床意义。     

国产T-Free假体行全膝关节表面置换临床疗效

目的评价应用国产T-Free假体行人工全膝关节表面置换术(TKA)的临床疗效。方法采用国产TFree假体(后稳定固定平台型假体,PS型)行TKA治疗39例膝骨关节炎、类风湿关节炎患者(41膝)。按HSS评分标准进行膝关节疼痛、关节活动度、畸形三方面的评价。结果 39例均获得随访,时间12~30个月。膝关节功能HSS评分术前为(39.1±8.5)分,术后12个月为(89.2±10.8)分,差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论应用国产T-Free假体行TKA能纠正患者下肢屈曲、力线畸形,消除行走疼痛,减少伸膝受限,重建膝关节稳定性,具备高屈曲度功能,近期疗效显著。