徐州市直属小学学生近视与教室光环境调查研究

目的 调查徐州市直属小学学生近视现状,分析教室光环境及学龄对儿童视力的影响。方法 采用整群抽样方法,运用标准对数视力表对直属小学学生进行视力检测;随机抽取4所学校,使用TES-1332A照度计测定教室光环境;计量资料采用t检验或方差分析;计数资料采用χ2检验,等级资料采用秩和检验分析其统计学差异。结果 2018年徐州市小学生近视检出率总体为49.84%(男生45.81%,女生53.88%),女生高于男生(χ2=52.001,P<0.05),且重度近视检出率更高(Z=7.795,P<0.05)。市直属小学生近视检出率54.18%,县区直属小学46.45%,市区高于县区(χ2=47.247,P<0.05)。不同年级近视发生情况不同,二～六年级近视检出率分别为36.03%,40.5%,48.45%,58.77%,65.4%,高年级近视发生率高于低年级(χ2趋势=384.766,P<0.05),且重度近视高于低年级(χ2=742.673,P<0.05)。各检测小学不同楼层间教室黑板以及桌面照度不同 (F=3.894,P<0.05) ,但均符合国家标准。结论 徐州市直属小学学生近视检出率较高,并随学龄延长而加重,女生更严重;监测学校教室光环境符合要求。改善和保护学生视力除了保障教室光环境合格和定期监测外,应进一步探讨影响学生视力的其他因素,共同促进学生视力健康。     

钙化牙本质中神经分布的研究

目的：研究牙本质神经的分布,为牙本质的感觉机制寻找组织学的基础。方法：用健康、发育成熟、新鲜的离体人恒牙做标本。经过EDTA脱钙制成切片。先行染色,后采用光学显微镜及透射电镜进行观察。结果：发现神经纤维及其末梢分布于钙化本质全层,直至釉牙本质界,近表面神经末特别密集。其末梢在光镜下呈结节状或串珠状。电镜下见该结节是神经微纤维分散到组织中,或两末梢的相互吻合。结论：牙本质神经分布的研究结果为牙本质感觉的神经机制学说找到了组织学的基础。     

复方补血胶囊中葡萄糖酸亚铁的含量测定

目的：复方补血胶囊中葡萄糖酸亚铁的含量测定。方法：根据Fe^2 与邻二氮菲显色,在510nm处有最大吸收,利用分光光度法测定。结果：葡萄糖亚铁在7－34μg/ml的浓度范围内线性关系良好（r=0.9999),回收率、日内变异均符合要求,结论：建立了复方补血胶囊中葡萄糖酸亚铁的含量测定方法。     

紫外光谱法测定利巴韦利葡萄糖注射液中利巴韦林的含量

目的建立利巴韦林葡萄糖注射液中利巴韦林的快速测定方法.方法用紫外分光光度法直接测定利巴韦林葡萄糖注射液中利巴韦林的含量.结果在207 nm处,以水为溶媒,利巴韦林葡萄糖注射液中利巴韦林浓度在3～15μg/ml,与其相应的吸收度呈良好的线性关系(n=5;r=0.999 9),样品平均回收率为101.4%±0.53%.结论该法简便快速、准确可靠,适合药房快速分析.     

正交试验法筛选口服阿苯达唑毫微球制备工艺

目的为提高阿苯达唑生物利用度,采用α-氰基丙烯酸正丁酯为聚合材料,乳化聚合法制备口服阿苯达唑毫微球,并优化处方工艺.方法紫外分光光度法测定阿苯达唑含量,以包封率为主要指标,乳化聚合二步法制备阿苯达唑毫微球,L9(34)正交试验设计处方工艺.结果首先制备pH为5.0的聚氰基丙烯酸正丁酯空白毫微球,再以0.5 ml/min速率缓慢将空白毫微球注入同体积的阿苯达唑醋酸溶液中,充分搅拌16 h.结论经过优化筛选的组方工艺制备的阿苯达唑毫微球包封率为(61.01士4.06)%,载药量为(48.00士5.20)%.     

膝胸卧位红光照射联合肛提运动对产后痔急性发作的疗效

目的 探讨膝胸卧位红光照射联合肛提运动对产后痔急性发作的改善效果.方法 将68例经阴道分娩并发产后痔急性发作的产妇按入院时间分为对照组36例、观察组32例.两组产妇产后给予相同的产褥期知识宣教、母婴护理指导等常规护理措施,在此基础上,对照组采用屈膝侧卧位配合红光照射,观察组给予膝胸卧位红光照射联合肛提运动.观察两组产后24 h和产后5d痔疼痛程度、肛周水肿程度、治疗效果、治疗过程舒适度.结果 干预后两组疼痛评分、肛周水肿程度、治疗效果比较,差异有统计学意义(均P＜0.01);两组治疗过程舒适程度差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05).结论 产后痔急性发作的产妇应用膝胸卧位红光照射配合肛提运动能有效减轻产妇疼痛及肛周水肿程度,治疗效果较好.     

Progress of laser and light treatments for lower eyelid rejuvenation

Laser and light treatments have recently become popular owing to its efficacy in treating laxity, rhytids, hyperpigmentation of the lower eyelids, and drooping of septum fat. For several decades, our department has explored the application of laser and light treatment for eye rejuvenation. This paper summarizes common treatment methods and analyzes the published literature on the indications and outcomes of multiple laser and light treatments for lower eyelid rejuvenation. An extensive survey of peer-reviewed literature was performed using PubMed, with the search terms “noninvasive treatment”, “infraorbital”, “palpebral bags”, “lower eyelid”, “radiofrequency (RF)”, “laser”, “nonsurgical skin tightening”, and “noninvasive fat reduction”. The results showed that the use of lasers, intense pulsed light (IPL), monopolar RF, bipolar RF, AdipoLASER rejuvenation (ALJ), and fractional RF microneedling are safe and effective treatments for palpebral bags. We conclude that using Q-switched lasers, IPL, RF, ALJ, and fractional RF microneedling is safe and effective for lower eyelid rejuvenation, with minimal complications and quick recovery. Further research and development of optoelectronic therapy may encourage breakthroughs in lower eyelid treatment, such as simplified complex surgery and noninvasive methods.     

Fluorescence and Laser Photon Counting: Measurements of Epithelial [Ca2+]i or [Na+]i with Ciliary Beat Frequency

We describe a system we developed that enabled simultaneous measurements of either epithelial calcium ion concentration ([Ca²⁺]i) or sodium ion concentration [Na⁺]i with the ciliary beat frequency (CBF) in native ciliated epithelia using either Fura-2 (AM) or SBFI (AM) ratiometric fluorescence photon counting along with nonstationary laser light scattering. Studies were performed using native epithelial tissues obtained from ovine tracheae. The dynamic range of the laser light-scattering system was determined by a simulated light beating experiment. The nonstationary CBF was demonstrated by the time-frequency analysis of the raw photon count sequences of backscattered heterodyne photons from cultured and native epithelia. Calibrations of calcium and sodium ion concentrations were performed using the respective Fura-2 and SBFI impermanent salts as well as in native epithelia. The cumulative responses of 10^–6, 10^–5, and 10^–4} M nifedipine on [Ca²⁺]i together with the CBF as well as the cumulative responses of 10^–5, 10^–4, and 10^–3 M amiloride on [Na⁺]i together with the CBF were also determined. Nifedipine decreased [Ca²⁺]i but had no effect on CBF. Amiloride decreased [Na⁺]i and CBF. Stimulation of CBF corresponded with either an increase of [Na⁺]i or an increase of [Ca²⁺]i. Decreases of [Na⁺]i or substantial decreases of [Ca²⁺]i were associated with decreases in the CBF. These data demonstrate the utility of this system for investigating the regulatory mechanisms of intracellular ions dynamics and the CBF in native epithelia. © 1998 Biomedical Engineering Society. PAC98: 8780+s, 8722-q, 4262Be