大鼠心肌细胞的肌浆网与闰盘间偶联的电镜观察

本实验对大鼠心房心肌细胞的肌浆网与閏盘间的关系进行了超微结构观察。结果表明,肌浆网与閏盘的非特化肌膜存在偶联,为区别于一般的周围偶联,而将它们之间的偶联称为閏盘偶联。它具有周围偶联及内部偶联的形态结构特征,即(1)在偶联区域内存在胞浆间隙,宽约11～18nm;(2)在胞浆间隙内有连接突或连足;(3)肌浆网腔内含有电子致密物质。在偶联区域,肌浆网膜不仅与閏盘的非特化肌膜形成偶联,而且与线粒体外膜紧密并置。此外,心肌缝隙连接与肌浆网可形成缝隙连接-肌浆网偶联,其超微结构特点与心肌偶联相同。本文对肌浆网与閏盘的偶联的功能意义进行了讨论。     

家兔非吞噬细胞的超微吞噬观察

本文对5只家兔用台盼蓝活体染色-碱性品红整块复染法进行观察。光镜下除各器官的巨噬细胞有强烈的超微吞噬作用外,其他非吞噬细胞如肝细胞、肾近端小管上皮细胞以及成纤维细胞等对无毒的胶体活性染料也具有超微吞噬的能力。表明它们对机体也起防御作用。     

3-氯丙二醇对大白鼠附睾超微结构作用的动力学研究

以20mg/kg 3-氯丙二醇灌服大白鼠,每日一次,连续五日,引起大白鼠附睾各部主细胞显著的超微结构变化,这种变化从起始部至尾部依次出现;在损伤的深度和广度上则因离睾丸距离的加大而递减;随着停药时间的延长,这种变化逐渐消失;复原过程亦始于起始部,逐渐向尾部进行,其周期自上而下逐渐缩短,提示:导致上述诸过程的因子可能主要来源于睾丸,存在于生殖管通腔液中,沿附睾各部,造成相应的粘膜上皮细胞损伤,而自身浓度亦渐变小。本文尚对3-氯丙二醇的抗生育作用与附睾超散结构变化的相互关系以及剂量依赖双重效应的机理进行了讨论。     

大鼠弓状核损毁后睾丸超微结构的变化

已知初生期大鼠注射谷氨酸一钠(MSG)可引起下丘脑弓状核严重损毁。本研究证实,雄性大鼠生后2及4天经腹腔注射MSG(4mg/g体重),成年后睾丸电镜观察,曲细精管内各级生精细胞发生明显改变,胞质出现空泡,线粒体变性,嵴断裂;核膜缺损,核质疏松,染色体遭到严重破坏。提示:睾丸超微结构变化,可能来自于神经内分泌系统功能变化,与下丘脑弓状核损毁密切相关。     

人尖锐湿疣中乳头瘤病毒形态发生之观察

免疫细胞化学和电镜观察人乳头瘤病毒（ＨＰＶ）形态发生结果表明：该病毒抗原见之于棘层、颗粒层和角质层细胞核内；毒粒则仅见之于颗粒层及角质层。从而提示了棘层以上的细胞层次为ＨＰＶ复制、装配和发育成熟的主要场所。本研究还观察到了ＨＰＶ装配的过渡阶段，宿主细胞的“溶解”及含有ＨＰＶ颗粒的细胞不一定都出现空泡等现象，从而提示了该病毒可因细胞溶解而释放，并造成上皮内扩散和再感染；空泡细胞不能作为诊断该病毒感染的可靠依据。     

大鼠严重烫伤后早期肠道营养对肠粘膜屏障的保护作用

本研究采用光镜、电镜、冷冻蚀刻，观察了大鼠严重烫伤（３０％ＴＢＳＡⅢ°）后２４ｈ内回肠粘膜的病理变化。结果表明：烫伤对照组，伤后３ｈ开始出现各种病理改变：回肠粘膜固有层水肿，中性粒细胞浸润，绒毛顶部上皮下出现囊状空隙，中央乳糜管扩张，粘膜上皮细胞变性坏死脱落；回肠上皮细胞连接分离，微绒毛坏死脱落，线粒体空化、嵴断裂，核周间隙扩张；肠上皮细胞紧密连接的嵴状突起排列紊乱，数量减少，融合或脱节。早期肠道     

Chronic alcoholic cardiomyopathy: Fact or fiction?

This study was designed to ascertain whether excessive prolonged alcohol intake itself may produce chronic cardiomyopathy. We reasoned that, since alcoholic cardiomyopathy is allegedly a chronic condition, asymptomatic or early symptomatic cases should be found in a large hospitalized alcoholic population. Two groups of patients were studied. The first group consisted of 292 chronic alcoholics whose hospital records were examined for evidence of early cardiomyopathy, according to predetermined criteria. The second group consisted of eight patients who died on the medical service ward and in whom one of the diagnoses listed in the autopsy report was alcoholic cardiomyopathy. In the first group hepatic and neurological complications of alcoholism were frequent; no patient was found to have early cardiomyopathy. In the second group the post-mortem records indicated that all eight patients had other illnesses causing the abnormal findings on which the diagnosis of alcoholic cardiomyopathy was made. We conclude that the concept of chronic alcoholic cardiomyopathy caused by the direct toxic effect of alcohol may not be valid.     

Studies on the developmental toxicity of ozone: Postnatal effects

Pregnant rats were exposed to either 0, 1.0, or 1.5 ppm ozone during either mid gestation (Days 9–12) or late gestation (Days 17–20). The dams were allowed to deliver and the early morphological and behavioral development of their pups was monitored. Both exposure regimens transiently reduced neonatal growth rates. The late gestation exposure regimen produced retardations in early reflex development and in open field behavior. Finally, several males from this exposure regimen remained permanently stunted in growth.