超声波治疗中风后肘关节痉挛疗效观察

目的：探讨超声治疗对中风后肘关节痉挛性瘫痪的治疗作用。方法：80例中风后肘关节痉挛性瘫痪患者随机分成实验组（40例）和对照组（40例）,两组患者均常规进行康复训练,实验组另用韩国进口HS-5001超声治疗仪,采用简氏Fugl-Meyer上肢运动功能评分法（FMA）、改良Ashworth评分（FAS）评定两组患者治疗前后上肢功能和痉挛状态。结果：治疗前后两组患者Fugl-Meyer上肢运动功能评分比较均无显著性差异（P〉0.05）;实验组肌张力效果明显优于对照组（P〈0.01）。结论：超声波治疗可有效改善中风后肘关节痉挛性瘫痪。     

脑瘫舒筋活络按摩油在痉挛型脑瘫患儿推拿中的应用

目的:探讨脑瘫舒筋活络按摩油对痉挛型脑瘫患儿推拿治疗的辅助作用。方法:对262例痉挛型脑瘫患儿应用脑瘫舒筋活络按摩油进行推拿治疗,并在治疗前后进行综合评价,进行统计学处理。结果:262例痉挛型脑瘫患儿经过3个小疗程治疗,肌张力显效98例(占37.40%),有效155例(占59.16%),无效9例(占3.44%);关节活动度接近或恢复正常范围者占96.56%,且配合程度越好,治疗效果越显著。结论:应用脑瘫舒筋活络按摩油进行婴幼儿推拿治疗,既能滋润保护皮肤黏膜,使患儿舒适配合,起到介质作用,又能有效地缓解痉挛,降低肌张力,改善关节活动度。     

解痉颗粒联合中药熏蒸对脑卒中痉挛性偏瘫肢体功能的影响

目的观察解痉颗粒合中药熏蒸对脑卒中痉挛性偏瘫肢体功能的疗效影响.方法将160例在我科住院或门诊的脑卒中患者按随机数字表法分为对照组与治疗组,各80例.两组患者均给予早期康复锻炼及脑卒中的常规治疗,对照组予巴氯芬治疗,治疗组予解痉颗粒合中药熏蒸治疗.结果治疗后1个月,治疗组总有效率83.7%,对照组总有效率72.5%,治疗组疗效优于对照组（P〈0.05）.治疗组患者对痉挛偏瘫肢体功能较对照组更为明显,差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05或P〈0.01）.结论解痉颗粒合中药熏蒸可显著提高脑卒中患者痉挛偏瘫肢体功能,效果优于巴氯芬.     

SPG11 – the most common type of recessive spastic paraplegia in Norway?

Background –  Hereditary spastic paraplegias (HSP) are neurodegenerative diseases mainly characterized by lower limb spasticity with additional neurological symptoms and signs in complicated forms. Among the many autosomal recessive forms, SPG11 appears to be one of the most frequent.
Objective –  Our objective was to select potential SPG11 patients based on phenotypes in our material, identify eventual disease-causing variants with the collaboration of laboratories abroad, estimate the frequency and spectrum of SPG11-mutations and describe their associated phenotypes.
Material and Methods –  Two isolated cases and two affected members of one family with cognitive impairment and confirmed thin corpus callosum on magnetic resonance imaging were selected from our database for inclusion into a multicenter study.
Results –  Mutations were found in the two isolated cases but not in the proband of the family. Conclusion – We present the first SPG11-HSP in the Norwegian population. SPG11 should be suspected in patients with isolated or recessive HSP, thin corpus callosum and mental retardation.     

Spastic paraplegia 15: Linkage and clinical description of three Tunisian families

Hereditary spastic paraplegias (HSP) are a clinically and genetically heterogeneous group of neurodegenerative disorders characterized by slowly progressive spasticity of the lower limbs. The locus designated spastic paraplegia 15 (SPG15), located in a 16‐Mb interval on chromosome 14q, is associated with a rare autosomal recessive complicated form of HSP known as Kjellin's syndrome. In this study, we describe three additional families, of Tunisian origin, linked to the SPG15 locus, one of which had a significant multipoint LOD score of 3.46. In accordance with previous reports, the phenotype of our patients consisted of early onset spastic paraparesis associated with mental impairment and severe progression. Retinal degeneration was not observed, however, but we extended the phenotype of this form to include peripheral neuropathy and white matter abnormalities on MRI. Interestingly, like retinal degeneration, thin corpus callosum is not a constant feature in this entity. © 2007 Movement Disorder Society     

Kinetics of Autoxidation of an Oil Extract from Terminalia catappa

Soxhlet extractor was used in the extraction of oil from milled seeds of Terminalia catappa using petroleum ether (40-60°). The optimal oil yield was 56.71±1.66% with a viscosity of 40.79±1.05 centipoises. Other parameters of the oil were found as follows; specific gravity-0.9248, refractive index-1.4646, acid value-3.35, peroxide value-8.6, saponification value-166.2, and unsaponifiable matter-1.46. The crude oil extract was water-degummed, bleached and deodorized to generate what we called refined oil. Autoxidation of the crude and refined T. catappa oil extract was done at five different temperatures of 0±0.1°, 20±0.1°, 40±0.1°, 60±0.1° and 80±0.1° and also in the presence of pure α-tocopherol at a concentration of 1.0% (w/v) by measuring peroxide value variations over 96 h. In all evaluations, the refined oil exhibited lower tendency towards autoxidation but not at temperatures above 60±0.1°. The use of Arrhenius equation revealed generally very low activation energies of 0.0261 cal/deg×mol and 0.0122cal/deg×mol for crude oil and antioxidant-treated crude oil, respectively and 0.0690 cal/deg×mol and 0.0177 cal/deg×mol for the refined oil. This study indicates T. catappa seed oil to be potential pharmaceutical oil with excellent characteristics.     

盆底痉挛综合征38例X线分析

对３８例盆底痉挛综合征的测量结果及Ｘ线表现进行分析，探讨ＳＰＦＳ的病因 发病机理和排粪造影对本病的诊断鉴别诊断的意义。     

Delayed diagnosis of brain tumor in a patient with flexor spasms and spastic foot drop

Flexor spasms are involuntary muscle contractions comprising dorsiflexion at the ankle and flexion at the knee and the hip, occurring as a result of nociceptive spinal release reflex. The presence of flexor spasms generally suggests a lesion in the spinal cord. Foot drop is usually seen with lesions of lumbosacral roots, peripheral nerves or muscles. We hereby present a patient with a rare combination of spastic foot drop and flexor spasms due to a brain tumor. The possible underlying pathophysiological mechanisms resulting in flexor spasms due to a cerebral lesion are briefly discussed.     

Mucormycosis in Iran: A six-year retrospective experience

Mucormycosis is a devastating infection caused by Mucoralean fungi (Mucormycotina, Mucorales). Data concerning the global epidemiology of mucormycosis are scarce and little is known about the characteristics of mucormycosis in Iran. In this study, we aimed to understand the distribution of this infection in Iran retrospectively and to ascertain whether the patterns of infection are associated with specific host factors or not. A total of 208 cases were included in this study occurring during 2008–2014 and were validated according to (EORTC/MSG) criteria. A rising trend as significant increase from 9.7% in 2008 to 23.7% in 2014 was observed. The majority of patients were female (51.4%) with median age of 50 and the infections were seen mostly in autumn season (39.4%). Diabetes mellitus (75.4%) was the most common underlying condition and sinus involvement (86%) was the mostly affected site of infection. Amphotericin B (AmB) was the drug of choice for the majority of cases. Sixty four isolates did not show any growth in the lab and only 21 cases were evaluated by ITS sequencing, among them; Rhizopus arrhizus var. arrhizus was the dominant species. Considering the high mortality rate of mucormycosis, early and accurate diagnosis, with the aid of molecular methods may provide accurate treatments and improve the survival rate. Therefore, increased monitoring and awareness of this life-threatening disease is critical.     

Autosomal dominant hereditary spastic paraplegia with axonal sensory motor polyneuropathy maps to chromosome 21q 22.3

Aim: Hereditary spastic paraplegia (HSP) are a genetically and clinically heterogeneous group of disorders. At present, 19 autosomal dominant loci for HSP have been mapped. We ascertained an American family of European descent segregating an autosomal dominant HSP associated with peripheral neuropathy. Methods: A genome wide scan was performed with 410 microsatellite repeat marker (Weber lab screening set 16) and following linkage and haplotype analysis, fine mapping was performed. Established genes or loci for HSP were excluded by direct sequencing or haplotype analysis. Results: All established loci for HSP were excluded. Fine mapping suggested a locus on chromosome 21q22.3 flanked by markers D21S1411 and D21S1446 with a maximum logarithm of odds score of 2.05 and was supported by haplotype analysis. A number of candidate genes in this region were analyzed and no disease-producing mutations were detected. Conclusion: We present the clinical and genetic analysis of an American family with autosomal dominant HSP with axonal sensory motor polyneuropathy mapping to a novel locus on chromosome 21q22.3 designated SPG56.