脑胶质肉瘤CT表现分析

目的 评价脑胶质肉瘤的CT诊断价值。方法 回顾性分析5例经手术病理证实的脑胶质肉瘤的CT表现．并复习文献。结果 肿瘤均位于幕上，其中颞叶3例，额颞叶1例，枕顶叶1例。CT扫描4例为低等混杂密度，1例为稍高密度，增强扫描为不规则强化。边界清楚，4例周围有水肿，1例无周围水肿。结论脑胶质肉瘤少见，CT扫描能够清楚显示病变，但易与胶质母细胞瘤、转移瘤等相混淆，确诊依靠病理检查。     

Foix-Chavany-Marie-syndrome — neurological,neuropsychological, CT,MRI, and SPECT findings in a case progressive for more than 10 years

Summary In a 66-year-old woman signs and symptoms of bilateral opercular syndrome (Foix-Chavany-Marie-syndrome) developed progressively over a period of more than 10 years. Facio-linguo-velo-pharyngeo-masticatory diplegia with automatic-vol-untary dissociation was accompanied by motor aphasia and oral apraxia leading to a state of almost complete anarthria. Although it initially resembled the anterior biopercular syndrome there are also features indicating involvement of the posterior opercula. Although the aetiology remains obscure without pathological data, a bilateral focal brain atrophy is assumed. This is probably the first case documented by MRI and SPECT.Supported by the Hirnliga, Heidelberg, Federal Republic of Germany     

基层医院组建卒中小组的初步探讨

目的总结探索在基层医院组建卒中小组，治疗急性脑卒中的模式。方法组建包括社区网络在内的院内卒中小组，对脑卒中患者进行动态的全面评估和系统的个体化治疗。结果规范了急性脑卒中的临床治疗行为，改善了患者预后。结论在基层医院建立卒中小组是一种可行的治疗模式。     

An investigation of the neuropsychological profile in adults with velo-cardio-facial syndrome (VCFS).

Velo-cardio-facial syndrome (VCFS) is associated with deletions on the long arm of chromosome 22, mild intellectual disability, poor social interaction and a high prevalence of psychosis. However, to date there have been no studies investigating the neuropsychological functioning of adults with VCFS. We compared 19 adults with VCFS with 19 age, gender and IQ matched controls using a comprehensive neuropsychological battery. Compared to controls, adults with VCFS had significant impairments in visuoperceptual ability (Visual Object and Space Perception Battery), problem solving and planning (Tower of London) and abstract and social thinking (Comprehension WAIS-R). It is likely that haploinsufficiency (reduced gene dosage) of a neurodevelopmental gene or genes mapping to chromosome 22q11 underlies the cognitive deficits observed in individuals with VCFS.     

高压氧结合针灸治疗脑外伤患者的效果观察与分析

目的:观察高压氧结合针灸治疗脑外伤患者的疗效。方法:对96例脑外伤患者采用高压氧、针灸配合药物进行综合治疗。同时,对83例对照组患者根据病情给予降颅压、抗感染、改善脑供血、保护脑细胞等治疗,有手术指征者行清除血肿、减压和清创术。结果:出院时两组患者功能比较,治疗组明显优于对照组,有显著性差异(P<0.O1),疗效治疗组也明显好于对照组。结论:高压氧结合针灸治疗能够明显提高脑损伤患者疗效,对肢体功能有明显提高。     

94例脑转移瘤CT诊断与临床分析

总结94例脑转移瘤的CT诊断与临床资料。临床多以颅内压增高及脑组织损坏为主要征象。原发肿瘤部位按例数依次为肺癌、乳腺癌、鼻咽癌、甲状腺癌、胃癌和前列腺癌。原发肿瘤的症状常较隐匿,60％的病人首先发现脑转移瘤,然后才追查到原发肿瘤。当发现脑内多发或单发肿瘤时,应排除转移瘤。CT是诊断脑转移瘤的可靠方法,能准确地判断肿瘤的部位、大小、数目以及水肿范围与并发改变等情况。     

Olfactory Absorption of Insulin to the Brain

A vast number of potent neuropharmaceuticals, many of which are peptides, are excluded from entry into the brain because of the highly selective blood-brain barrier. The fact that a number of drugs have been shown to be transported directly to the central nervous system following application to the olfactory region of the nose is therefore of major interest. In the present study, the feasibility of delivering peptides to the brain via the olfactory route was assessed using insulin as a model peptide. Systemic hyperinsulinemia induced by subcutaneous injection did not significantly reduce the amount of ¹²⁵I-insulin transported from the nose to the brain in vivo, which suggests that the impact of systemic absorption on drug transport is minimal. A linear relationship was seen between insulin accumulation in the brain and the dose applied, without any relevant saturation. Contrary to what was expected, both systemic and olfactory absorption of insulin was enhanced when the pH of the medium was near the isoelectric point. The amount absorbed to the brain was found to be linearly related to the net charge of the molecule (r = -0.61; n = 20). It was concluded that insulin gains access to the central nervous system from the olfactory region of the nose by a nonspecific pathway. The olfactory route may therefore become an important means to deliver peptides to the brain.     

Thermoreceptive lamina I trigeminothalamic neurons project to the nucleus submedius in the cat

Summary The technique of antidromic mapping with a roving array of electrodes was used to demonstrate that lamina I trigeminothalamic cells responsive specifically to skin temperature project to the n. submedius (Sm) in the medial thalamus of the cat. This finding indicates that Sm receives thermoreceptive in addition to nociceptive information.     

母亲苯丙酮尿症后代的脑MRI表现

目的 提高对母亲苯丙酮尿症(MPKU)后代脑MRI表现的认识。资料与方法 报告2例生化及临床检查证实为MPKU双胞胎的．MRI改变，并复习文献。结果 文中2例表现与文献报道不一致．与苯丙酮尿症患儿的表现相似。常规T2WI及FLAIR均显示室周白质、侧脑室三角区、半卵圆中心条片状高信号。弥散加权成像(DWI)除更清楚地显示上述改变外，尚显示双侧内囊后肢及胼胝体压部信号增高。结论 常规T2WI及FIJAIR上可显示MPKU后代脑白质异常，DWI可提供更多诊断依据。     

神经干细胞壁龛与脑肿瘤干细胞壁龛的相关性研究

脑肿瘤干细胞(braintumor stem cells,BTSCs)发现以来,BTSCs的来源成为研究热点,越来越多的研究表明BTSCs起源于神经干细胞(neural stem sells,NSCs)的基因突变 [1],而最新提出的干细胞壁龛(niche)学说认为壁龛作为十细胞生存的微环境,通过与干细胞之间的直接和(或)间接作用影响干细胞的增殖和分化.