In vitro T-lymphocyte function in head and neck cancer patients

T-lymphocyte cell function was studied in vitro in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) from 61 male patients with head and neck squamous cell carcinomas compared to 46 control patients. Patients older than 80 years or with reduced tumor-related performance status as measured by Karnofsky score less than 75 were excluded. In contrast to previous similar studies, control subjects ensured a minimum stress load by sampling all patients on the day of either diagnostic or therapeutic surgery. PBMC were separated by density-gradient centrifugation and subsequently cultured with autologous sera in vitro. The mitogen concanavalin A (Con A), which stimulates all T-cell clones, was employed. Findings showed that increased Con A stimulation and PBMC proliferation occurred with PBMC from cancer patients compared to that from control patients. In contrast, no differences could be detected with respect to the stimulated supernatant level of interleukin-2, interleukin-4 or interferon-γ between the groups. These results suggest that T-lymphocytes from PBMC are generally affected by neoplastic disease through either a supporting cell or serum factor.     

重组干扰素α—2a治疗病毒性中枢神经系统感染前后体液干扰素水平变化

目的探讨病毒性中枢神经系统感染时，血液和脑脊液干扰素（IFN）变化情况。方法70例患者应用重组干扰素α-2a（rHuIFNα-2a）治疗，采用微量细胞病变抑制法测定血液和脑脊液IFN.结果治疗前血液IFN测定阳性率为84.3％（59／70），平均含量为8.4IU／ml，治疗后2／小时内IFN均呈阳性，平均含量升至26.8IU／ml（P＜0.01）;脑脊液IFN变化轻微，阳性率由61.4％（43／70）升至74.3％（52／70），平均含量由9.IIU／ml升至11.3IU／ml（P＞0.05）。结论在炎症情况下，IFN分布受血脑屏障影响，临床用药时应予重视。     

Features of the renin-angiotensin system in ascites and pleural effusion during severe ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome

Purpose: The purpose of this work was to investigate the ovarian renin-angiotensin system (RAS) during severe ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome (OHSS) with ascites and pleural effusion. Methods: Two patients who developed severe OHSS after ovarian stimulation for in vitro fertilization were investigated. Both patients presented ascites and pleural effusion. Blood, ascites, and pleural fluid were simultaneously sampled during therapeutic paracentesis and thoracocentesis. Renin activity, active renin, prorenin, and angiotensin II immunoreactivity (Ang II-ir) were measured simultaneously in plasma, ascites, and pleural fluid. Results: Prorenin, renin activity, active renin, and Ang II-ir levels were much higher than normal plasmatic laboratory norms in the three compartments. Prorenin and Ang II-ir levels were the highest in the ascites, while they were in the same range in the pleural fluid and in the plasma. Conclusions: The present findings provide additional evidence for the ovarian origin of the prorenin and Ang II-ir in the ascites of severe OHSS.     

大黄致大鼠结肠壁内一氧化氮异常及其意义

长期饲以大黄可致大鼠结肠近段及远段ＮＯ含量均明显增加；ＮＡＤＰＨ组织化学染色见ＮＯＳ阳性细胞分布于肌间神经节及节间束中，为深浅不等的蓝色多形性细胞，实验组阳性细胞数明显高于对照组，而弱阳性细胞却相对减少，提示ＮＯ在泻剂结肠的病理生理变化中起重要作用。     

中医药防治间质性肺病近况

中医药防治间质性肺病近况陶凯，周晓园间质性肺病（ＩｎｔｅｒｓｉｔｉｔｉａＬｕｎｇＤｉｓｅａｓｅ，ＩＬＤ）是以肺泡壁炎症为主要病变的一组疾病，由已知及未知的病因所致的肺泡上皮细胞、肺泡间质、血管内皮细胞的炎症，致使上述组织炎症波及细支气管，并发生纤维性...     

百合更年安冲剂主要药效学研究Ⅰ

百合更年安部皮１．５、３．０、６．０ｇ／ｋｇ给小鼠灌胃，中、大剂量组均能显著抑制活动，减少被动活动能对抗去水吗啡引起动物的运动增加；与戊巴比妥钠有协同作用；有一定的镇痛效果。对交感神经兴奋有对抗作用。     

肾素血管紧张素系统及血管内皮损伤在小儿心衰中的作用及药物干预研究

35例心衰患儿分为常规治疗组15例及苯那普利加常规治疗组20例,于治疗前后对照检测血管紧张素Ⅱ(Ang Ⅱ)、血管紧张素转换酶(ACE)、内皮素(ET)、循环内皮细胞(CEC)、心胸比率、射血分数、收缩时间间期、小轴缩短率及左室重量指教。结果各项指标均有统计学意义,苯那普利组疗效明显优于常规组。表明心衰时肾素—血管紧张素系统过度激活,ACE活性增加。Ang Ⅱ生成增多,ET及CEC增加,致心肌损害,引起心肌重构,形成心衰恶性循环,而血管紧张素转换酶抑制剂(ACEI)可抑制Ang Ⅱ生成及改善内皮功能,从而阻断心肌重构和改善心衰预后。     

ALTERATIONS OF THE ENTERIC NERVOUS SYSTEM IN NEONATAL NECROTIZING ENTEROCOLITIS REVEALED BY WHOLE-MOUNT IMMUNOHISTOCHEMISTRY

Pathology reports on neonatal necrotizing enterocolitis (NNEC) rarely consider its effects on the enteric nervous system (ENS). Thus, the aim of this study has been to perform a two-dimensional assessment of neuropathologic lesions within the three ganglionated plexuses of the intestinal wall by means of whole-mount immunohistochemistry. Resected segments of ileum and colon affected by acute NNEC were submitted to immunohistochemical procedures using antibodies against neuronal (protein gene product 9.5) and glial (protein S-100, glial fibrillary acidic protein) proteins. Examination of the myenteric plexus and external submucosal plexus revealed a noticeable reduction in glial cells concomitant with the gradual deterioration of nerve cells, both findings predominating in the antimesenteric intestinal circumference, where ischemic lesions tend to appear first. The most severe damage of nervous tissue was observed in the plexus submucosus internus dependent on the depth of mucosal injury. The destroyed ganglia appeared like "empty baskets" (residual tangles) and housed deteriorated nerve and glial cells. Taking the anatomy of the intestinal vascular blood supply into consideration, the characteristic topography of neuropathologic lesions gives further support to an ischemic event within the cascade of different pathogenetic factors culminating in NNEC. Moreover, the demonstrated alterations of the ENS and their potential adverse effects on intestinal motility and neuroimmunologic interactions may contribute to the complex pathogenesis of NNEC, which remains a field of further investigation.     

An infant case of bilateral small kidneys with both proximal and distal tubular dysfunction

Abstract A male infant with bilateral small kidneys associated with both proximal and distal tubular dysfunction, who showed chronic renal failure soon after birth, is reported. He was also noted to have both proximal and distal type of renal tubular acidosis. The small kidneys were thought to be due to renal hypodysplasia associated with bilateral severe vesicoureteral reflux, by radiological findings. An alkalization therapy with chemo-prophylaxis seemed to be of benefit in slowing the progression of renal failure in this case.     

Neonatal Hemochromatosis, Renal Tubular Dysgenesis, and Hypocalvaria in a Neonate

We report a neonate with neonatal hemochromatosis (NH), renal tubular dysgenesis (RTD), and hypocalvaria. NH is a fatal condition of the newborn, characterized by severe idiopathic liver failure of intrauterine onset and siderosis, intra- and extrahepatic, with sparing of the reticuloendothelial system. RTD is characterized by short, abnormally developed cortical tubules that lack proximal tubule differentiation. Although both NH and RTD have been reported as entities with a genetic component, similar findings can be secondary to in utero insults. Hypocalvaria has been reported in association with fetal hypoxia including that secondary to angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors. This 38-week-old infant died at 8.5 h. The small nodular liver weighed 44 g. Grossly, the kidneys were normal. Hypocalvaria was present. Microscopically, the hepatic parenchyma was distorted by fibrous tracts, proliferation of bile ducts, and abundant iron deposition in hepatocytes. Extrahepatic siderosis in the pancreas, myocardium, and other organs was consistent with NH. Proximal convoluted tubules were not seen on routine stains and markers for proximal tubules were negative. Previous reports have linked NH with RTD and RTD with hypocalvaria. This infant had all three of these rare conditions, which have been hypothesized or shown to be due to genetic factors, hypoxia, or drugs. The etiology in this case is unknown. Received May 20, 1997; accepted August 15, 1997.