FT-IR法定性鉴别熊胆粉等常见动物胆类药材

目的:建立熊胆粉与猪胆、牛胆、羊胆的快速定性鉴别方法。方法:采用FT-IR法测定熊胆粉、牛胆、猪胆和羊胆IR光谱,分析常见动物胆类药材的IR鉴别特征。结果:熊胆粉IR光谱特征为:1655cm-1和1545cm-1有酰胺基(-CO-NH-)双峰,1216cm-1和1048cm-1为-SO3H双强峰,且T1216cm-1/2930cm-1约为1.0;牛胆、猪胆和羊胆等动物胆类药材IR光谱不具备或同时具备以上3个特征。结论:FT-IR法定性鉴别熊胆粉与牛胆、猪胆和羊胆等其他动物胆类药材具有操作简单、分析时间短和鉴别特征明显等优点。     

一种模拟传统艾灸电子温灸仪的研制：应用安全及环保效应

BACKGROUND: An electronic moxibustion apparatus that simulates the mechanism of traditional moxibustion therapy is designed and developed to overcome shortcomings of traditional moxibustion therapy, such as non-standardized treatment, limited body position, and production of "smoke" and "ash" during the treatment. OBJECTIVE:To develop a kind of electronic moxibustion apparatus which simulates the traditional moxibustion therapy and has obtained the patent so as to industrialize and modernize moxibustion therapy. METHODS: Bio-waves launched from far infrared materials are beneficial to the human body. An electronic moxibustion apparatus including time temperature controller and moxibustion head was developed, and the closed loop control technique was used to precisely control the temperature and time. Thermal radiation infrared spectrum that moxibustion head generated could simulate the emission spectrum of moxibustion in combination with wormwood oil coating or drug interval, thereby achieving the therapeutic effect similar to traditional moxibustion. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:The prototype of DZWJY-1 electronic moxibustion instrument has been developed and its safety and electromagnetic compatibility have been detected in Shanghai Testing & Inspection Institute for Medical Devices, China. Relevant clinical trials are ongoing to verify the efficacy. Preliminary clinical evidence shows that the electronic moxibustion apparatus has the same therapeutic effect to the traditional moxibustion therapy, which realizes the safety and environmental protection of moxibustion therapy and provides objective, standardized and modernized evidence for moxibustion therapy 中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点：组织构建;骨细胞;软骨细胞;细胞培养;成纤维细胞;血管内皮细胞;骨质疏松;组织工程     

红细胞生成素对肾小管上皮-间充质细胞转化的抑制作用及其与VEGF表达变化的关系

目的探讨红细胞生成素（rHuEPO）对人肾小管上皮细胞（HKC）上皮-间充质细胞转化（EMT）的作用及其与该细胞血管内皮生长因子（VEGF）表达变化的关系。方法体外培养HKC,以未处理的HKC为阴性对照,以8ng/ml的转化生长因子-β1（TGF-β1）处理的HKC为阳性对照,以不同浓度（0.1、1.0、10、50、100IU/ml）的rHuEPO与8ng/ml的TGF-β1共同处理HKC,或在不同时间（-24、0、12、24、36h）用同一浓度rHuEPO（100IU/ml）对8ng/ml的TGF-β1处理的HKC进行干预。应用RT-PCR方法检测α-平滑肌肌动蛋白（α-SMA）和VEGFmRNA转录水平,应用免疫印迹方法检测α-SMA、E钙黏蛋白以及VEGF的蛋白表达水平。结果rHuEPO以剂量和时间依赖的方式抑制TGF-β1诱导的HKCα-SMAmRNA和蛋白的表达（P〈0.05或P〈0.01）,保护性上调TGF-β1抑制的HKC细胞E钙黏蛋白的表达（P〈0.05或P〈0.01）;同时上调TGF-β1抑制的HKC细胞VEGFmRNA和蛋白的表达（P〈0.05或P〈0.01）。结论rHuEPO对TGF-β1诱导的EMT具有一定的抑制作用,并具剂量-时间依赖性;该作用可能与rHuEPO上调肾小管上皮细胞VEGF的表达有关。     

二乙基亚硝胺诱导转化的肝癌肝组织小鼠中SP细胞的观察

目的：研究小鼠肝癌组织中的SP细胞，从而推测肝癌干细胞（CSC）存在的可能性。方法：首先用致癌剂二乙基亚硝胺（DEN）诱导B6C3F1雄性小鼠发生肝癌，在无菌条件下，将肝癌组织消化成单细胞悬液，然后用荧光染料Hoechst 33342对细胞悬液进行染色分析。结果：在原代分离的小鼠肝癌细胞群中观察到SP细胞的存在。结论：实验结果推测，在药物诱导转化的小鼠肝癌组织中很可能存在CSC。     

基于提升小波变换和多种策略的QRS波检测算法

目的：为了提高计算机处理心电信号的速率和精度,提出了一种基于提升小波变换,结合多种策略的QRS波检测算法。方法：首先采用基于阀值的提升小波去噪方法去除心电信号中的高频白噪声和低频基线漂移;再对处理后的心电信号进行提升小波分解,得出各层逼近信号和细节信号,在第3尺度上采用模极大值阀值法对R波进行检测．找出备选的R波,同时采用几何的方法定位Q波和S波及QRS波起点和终点;最后采用补偿法、波宽法及QRS波时长法对QRS波群进行纠正。结果：本文算法在时域心电图上实现了QRS波的准确定位．提取了心电图的QRS波段。通过MIT—BIH数据库验证,本算法具有很好的表现。结论：实验结果表明,相比传统的算法,本文采用的提升小波和多种策略的检测算法．能有效的检测QRS波,为心电信号的自动识别奠定了基础。     

Investigation of Interlaminar Shear Properties of CFRP Composites at Elevated Temperatures Using the Lempel-Ziv Complexity of Acoustic Emission Signals

Three-point bending tests on Short Beam Shear (SBS) specimens are performed to investigate the interlaminar shear properties of plain weave fabric CFRP composites. The tests are performed in a controlled environmental chamber at two different elevated temperatures. The interlaminar shear properties of the specimens remain largely unaffected by the testing temperature. However, the SEM micrographs show different damage progressions between the specimens tested at 100 °C and 120 °C. Fibre ruptures and longer delamination between the plies, as a result of a high temperature, are observed in the specimens tested at 120 °C, which are not observed in the specimens tested at 100 °C. In addition, the acoustic emission activities during the tests are investigated by using piezoelectric sensors. The information-theoretic parameter, the Lempel-Ziv (LZ) complexity, is calculated for the recorded acoustic signals. The LZ Complexities are used for identifying the occurrence of the first delamination failure in the specimens. Additionally, the two features of the acoustic signals, LZ complexity and Weighted Peak Frequency (W.P-Freq), are used for distinguishing the different damage sources in the CFRP specimens. The results are well-supported by the time-frequency analysis of the acoustic signals using a Continuous Wavelet Transform (CWT).     

傅里叶变换红外光谱法直接测定并结合主成分分析鉴定白芍及其伪品的研究

目的 采用傅里叶变换红外光谱（FTIR）法并借助OMNI采样器直接测定白芍及其伪品的FTIR.方法 采用FTIR直接测定法获得样品的红外光谱,以样品木质部作为比较标准,分别选取36组具有代表性吸收峰的吸光度数据为基础,以样品为分析对象进行主成分分析.应用主成分析法比较正伪品之间的差异程度.结果 FTIR的主成分分析在反映同属不同种植物化学组成差异程度上具有应用价值. 结论 该方法能直接、快速、准确地测定样品的FTIR图谱.     

Motor Bur Milling State Identification via Fast Fourier Transform Analyzing Sound Signal in Cervical Spine Posterior Decompression Surgery

ObjectivesTo investigate the real‐time sensitive feedback parameter of the motor bur milling state in cervical spine posterior decompression surgery, to possibly improve the safety of cervical spine posterior decompression and robot‐assisted spinal surgeries.MethodsIn this study, the cervical spine of three healthy male and three healthy female pigs were randomly selected. Six porcine cervical spine specimens were fixed to the vibration isolation system. The milling state of the motor bur was defined as the lamina cancellous bone (CA), lamina ventral corticalbone (VCO), and penetrating ventral cortical bone (PVCO). A 5‐mm bur milled the CA and VCO, and a 2‐mm bur milled the VCO and PVCO. A miniature microphone was used to collect the sound signal (SS) of milling lamina which was then extracted using Fast Fourier Transform (FFT). When using 5‐mm and 2‐mm bur to mill, the CA, VCO, and PVCO of each specimen were continuously collected at 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, and 10 kHz frequencies for SS magnitudes. The study randomly selected the SS magnitudes of the CA and VCO continuously for 2 s at 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5 kHz frequencies for statistical analyses. When milling the VCO to the PVCO, we randomly collected the SS magnitudes of the VCO for consecutive 2 s and the SS magnitudes of continuous 2 s in the penetrating state at 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5 kHz frequencies for statistical analyses. The independent sample t‐test was used to compare the SS magnitudes of different milling states extracted from the FFT to determine the motor bur milling state.ResultsThe SS magnitudes of the CA and VCO of all specimens extracted from the FFT at 1, 2, and 3 kHz were statistically different (P < 0.01); three specimens were not statistically different at a specific FFT‐extracted frequency (first specimen at 5 kHz, SS magnitudes of the CA were [25.94 ± 8.74] × 10⁻³, SS magnitudes of the VCO were [28.67 ± 12.94] × 10⁻³, P = 0.440; second specimen at 4 kHz, SS magnitudes of the CA were [23.79 ± 7.94] × 10⁻³, SS magnitudes of the VCO were [24.78 ± 4.32] × 10⁻³, P = 0.629; and third specimen at 5 kHz, SS magnitudes of the CA were [16.76 ± 6.20] × 10⁻³, SS magnitudes of the VCO were [17.69 ± 6.44] × 10⁻³, P = 0.643).The SS magnitudes of the VCO and PVCO of all the specimens extracted from the FFT at each frequency were statistically different (P < 0.001).ConclusionsBased on the FFT extraction, the SS magnitudes of the motor bur milling state between the CA and VCO, the VCO and PVCO were significantly different, confirming that the SS is a potential sensitive feedback parameter for identifying the motor bur milling state. This study could improve the safety of cervical spine posterior decompression surgery, especially of robot‐assisted surgeries.     

医药科技成果转化规范管理的探讨

本文就医药科技成果转化中规范管理的几个问题进行了讨论,医药科技成果转化掌握国家政策是科技成果实现转化的保证,科技成果应是具有一定价值的商品,科技成果形成过程要完善一系列管理办法及提示管理者提高综合业务水平能力和知识产权保护意识,按照合同法签署条款完备的技术合同。     

EEG and behavioural correlates of mild sleep deprivation and vigilance

ObjectiveThe current study investigated the behavioral, cognitive, and electrophysiological impact of mild (only a few hours) and acute (one night) sleep loss via simultaneously recorded behavioural and physiological measures of vigilance.MethodsParticipants (N = 23) came into the lab for two testing days where their brain activity and vigilance were recorded and assessed. The night before the testing session, participants either slept from 12am to 9am (Normally Rested), or from 1am to 6am (Sleep Restriction).ResultsVigilance was reduced and sleepiness was increased in the Sleep Restricted vs. Normally Rested condition, and this was exacerbated over the course of performing the vigilance task. As well, sleep restriction resulted in more intense alpha bursts. Lastly, EEG spectral power differed in Sleep Restricted vs. Normally Rested conditions as sleep onset progressed, particularly for frequencies reflecting arousal (e.g., delta, alpha, beta).ConclusionsThe findings of this study suggest that only one night of mild sleep loss significantly increases sleepiness and, importantly, reduces vigilance. In addition, this sleep loss has a clear impact on the physiology of the brain in ways that reflect reduced arousal.SignificanceUnderstanding the neural correlates and cognitive processes associated with loss of sleep may lead to important advancements in identifying and preventing deleterious or potentially dangerous, sleep-related lapses in vigilance.