变革理论在临床护理教育中的应用

临床护生在临床的实习效果，直接影响着临床护理工作质量。通过变革理论在临床护理教育中的应用，改变传统的临床教学方法，将以往培训的单一性、被动性转变为多样性、科学性的培训模式，变革理论在临床护理教学中的运用能有效地指导护生的培训工作，提高护生的临床培训质量，为医院培养出实用型的护理人才取得了较好的效果。     

Transforming the Clinical Experience for Associate Degree Nursing Students

Effective clinical nursing education is critical to prepare nursing students for their practice-based profession. However, there is a lack of consensus in the literature about the preferred model of the clinical experience. In order improve the clinical experience for nursing students, Mount Sinai Queens and LaGuardia Community College collaborated to transform the clinical experience by developing the five roles of the student nurse. These roles included clinician, leader, educator, researcher, and communicator.     

FTIR Evidence for Alcohol Binding and Dehydration in Phospholipid and Ganglioside Micelles

We theorize that intoxicants and modern anesthetics bind at the membrane-water interface and displace (dehydrate) bound water molecules by breaking the hydrogen bonds. We tested this hypothesis by examining the effect of butanol on the binding of water to the polar regions of lipids in reversed micelles. Understanding the mechanisms of intoxication requires studies in physiologically relevant systems such as systems containing sialoglycoconjugates, especially gangliosides, which concentrate in the synapses of neural tissue. Therefore, we compared butanol effects on phospholipid with effects on ganglioside. Hydrogen-bond breaking activity of 1-butanol was studied in reversed micelles made of dipalmitoylphosphotidylcholine (DPPC), ganglioside (GM1 and GT1b) or the lipid mixture in a D2O-CCl4 medium. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) data indicated that 1-butanol binds to DPPC and to gangliosides. Adding GM1 to the DPPC micelles introduces a new binding site for the alcohol. GT1b binds more butanol than GM1, because of more binding sites provided by extra sialic acid moieties. Spectral red shifts indicate that both water and butanol bind to the C = O group of sialic acid. Butanol partially releases the surface-bound water by disrupting hydrogen bonds, as indicated by an appearance of a sharp new free OD stretching band of the released D2O molecules. However, control studies with lipid-free systems in CCl4 revealed that a free OD peak could occur from a deuterium exchange reaction between D2O and 1-butanol(ol-h).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)     

一种使用傅里叶红外光谱仪进行波长测量的新方法

目的开发在药物分析中常用的现有设备的功能,实现一机多用。方法使用Equinox 55傅里叶红外光谱仪,移除自带光源,对某型号多功能红外光谱治疗仪进行红外波段波长测量,用常用的可见光区段光谱照度计对可见光区域光谱进行测量,并对红外光绝对强度的测定进行了讨论。结果该光谱治疗仪工作波长为0.42～2.5μm,所测红外光强度与计量结果基本一致。结论傅里叶红外光谱仪可用于红外光源波长测量。     

An Automatic Bone Disorder Classification Using Hybrid Texture Feature Extraction with Bone Mineral Density

A novel approach has been proposed to classify bone disorders for classifying the radiographic bone image asnormal, Osteopenia and Osteoporosis. The proposed system consists of three major stages to predict the accurate bonedisorder classification. In the first stage, image preprocessing is performed where bilateral filtering is applied to removenoise and to enhance the image quality. Then, the image is fed to Otsu based segmentation approach for segmentingthe abnormal area of the bone image. In the second stage, Discrete Wavelet Transform (DWT) is used to the segmentedimage. Once the image gets segmented then, the Gray-Level Co-occurrence Matrix (GLCM) method is applied to extractthe features in terms of statistical texture-based. Further the image which is applied to Principle Component Analysis(PCA) to reduce size of the feature vector. Besides, Bone Mineral Density (BMD) feature namely calcium volume isestimated from abnormal region in the segmented bone image and it is concatenated with the extracted texture featuresto obtain the final feature vectors. In the final stage, the Multi-class Support Vector Machine (MSVM) takes featurevectors as a inputto classify bone disorders. The simulation result demonstrates that the proposed system achieved theaccuracy of 95.1% and sensitivity of 96.15%.     

三叶木通药材的FTIR光谱研究

目的 研究三叶木通F17R图谱的鉴别方法.方法 利用傅里叶变换红外分析仪,分别测定不同产地的三叶木通生药材的红外吸收图谱.结果 KBr直接压片法测定所得的图谱,在1737～1032 cm-1间不同产地三叶木通的红外吸收峰的峰值、峰位、峰形和峰强等存在一定差异,可作为三叶木通的鉴别依据.结论 本方法 快速、准确,专属性强,重现性好,操作简便,可为三叶木通生药鉴定提供红外光谱的鉴别指标.     

小波变换在心电信号去噪中的应用

本文以小波变换为基础.介绍了小波去噪的方法和步骤.并通过具体的实例分析,说明小波去噪的效果明显优于传统的滤波效果,软阈值去噪的效果明显的优于硬阈值去噪的效果.     

鱼腥草对链脲佐菌素诱导糖尿病大鼠肾脏TGF-β1和HGF的影响

目的：研究鱼腥草对糖尿病大鼠肾脏组织的影响并探讨其作用机制。方法：建立链脲佐菌素诱导的糖尿病大鼠模型，随机分为模型组、鱼腥草组、黄苠组、鱼腥草与黄芪联用组和洛汀新组，另设正常组；备组动物灌胃治疗8周后，检测肾重／体重比值、肾小球面积，测定24h尿D2微球蛋白、尿白蛋白和肌酐清除率，并应用免疫组化检测肾脏组织中转化生长因子-β1（TGF-β1）、肝细胞生长因子（HGF）的蛋白表达．结果：鱼腥草可明显降低糖尿病模型大鼠24h尿β2微球蛋白、尿白蛋白排泄率和肌酐清除率（P〈0．05）；在肾脏，其可抑制肾小球的肥大、减少TGF-β1的表达、增加HGF的表达（P〈0．05），与黄芪组、鱼腥草与黄芪联用组、洛汀新组比较无明显差异（P〉0．05）．结论：与黄芪、洛汀新比较，鱼腥草对糖尿病肾脏组织也有明显的保护作用，其机制可能与其降低肾脏中TGF-β1表达，增加HGF的表达有关．     

刍议市场经济条件下的护理管理

本文从重视护理技术服务的劳务价值、发挥护理管理的经营优势以及讲求社会效益与经济效益统一方面浅述了市场经济条件下护理管理工作的要点。     

Development of a compact, sealless, tripod supported, magnetically driven centrifugal blood pump

In this study, a tripod supported sealless centrifugal blood pump was designed and fabricated for implantable application using a specially designed DC brushless motor. The tripod structure consists of 3 ceramic balls mounted at the bottom surface of the impeller moving in a polyethylene groove incorporated at the bottom pump casing. The follower magnet inside the impeller is coupled to the driver magnet of the motor outside the bottom pump casing, thus allowing the impeller to slide-rotate in the polyethylene groove as the motor turns. The pump driver has a weight of 230 g and a diameter of 60 mm. The acrylic pump housing has a weight of 220 g with the priming volume of 25 ml. At the pump rpm of 1,000 to 2,200, the generated head pressure ranged from 30 to 150 mm Hg with the maximum system efficiency being 12%. When the prototype pump was used in the pulsatile mock loop to assist the ventricle from its apex to the aorta, a strong correlation was obtained between the motor current and bypass flow waveforms. The waveform deformation index (WDI), defined as the ratio of the fundamental to the higher order harmonics of the motor current power spectral density, was computed to possibly detect the suction occurring inside the ventricle due to the prototype centrifugal pump. When the WDI was kept under the value of 0.20 by adjusting the motor rpm, it was successful in suppressing the suction due to the centrifugal pump in the ventricle. The prototype sealless, centrifugal pump together with the control method based on the motor current waveform analysis may offer an intermediate support of the failing left or right ventricle bridging to heart transplantation.