Metal hypersensitivity in total hip and knee arthroplasty: Current concepts

Metal hypersensitivity (MHS) is a rare complication of total joint arthroplasty that has been linked to prosthetic device failure when other potential causes have been ruled out. The purpose of this review was to conduct an analysis of existing literature in order to get a better understanding of the pathophysiology, presentation, diagnosis, and management of MHS. It has been described as a type IV hypersensitivity reaction to the metals comprising prosthetic implants, often nickel and cobalt-chromium. Patients suffering from this condition have reported periprosthetic joint pain and swelling as well as cutaneous, eczematous dermatitis. There is no standard for diagnosis MHS, but tests such as patch testing and lymphocyte transformation testing have demonstrated utility, among others. Treatment options that have demonstrated success include administration of steroids and revision surgery, in which the existing metal implant is replaced with one of less allergenic materials. Moreover, the definitive resolution of symptoms has most commonly required revision surgery with the use of different implants. However, more studies are needed in order to understand the complexity of this subject.     

Birmingham hip resurfacing versus cementless total hip arthroplasty in patients 55 years or younger: A minimum five-year follow-up

Objective

The optimal reconstructive method for advanced degenerative hip disease in young adults is a topic of ongoing discussion. The purpose of this study is to report the largest single institution experience from the United States on the outcomes of Birmingham hip resurfacing (BHR) vs. cementless total hip arthroplasty (THA) in patients 55 years or younger at a minimum follow-up of five years. Currently, BHR is the only FDA-approved hip resurfacing implant available in the US.

乌司他丁对老年患者腹腔镜子宫全切手术后早期褪黑素水平和认知功能的影响

目的观察乌司他丁对老年患者腹腔镜子宫全切手术后早期褪黑素水平和认知功能的影响。方法选择择期行腹腔镜子宫全切术患者60例,年龄65~80岁,BMI 18~30kg/m~2,ASAⅠ—Ⅲ级。随机分为乌司他丁组(U组)和对照组(C组),每组30例。U组在常规全麻诱导前用乌司他丁20万U+生理盐水100ml,持续静脉泵注乌司他丁20万U/h直至手术结束。C组给予相应生理盐水静脉输注,两组患者均采用快诱导和全凭静脉麻醉。记录麻醉时间、术中输液量、尿量、出血量、瑞芬太尼及丙泊酚用量;检测术前1d(T_0)、术后第1天(T_1)、术后第3天(T_2)、术后第7天(T_3)血清IL~(-1)β、IL-6、TNF-α浓度、神经元特异性烯醇化酶(neuron specific enolase,NSE)和S100β蛋白含量;血T淋巴细胞(CD3~+、CD4~+、CD8~+)、计算CD4~+/CD8~+比值、血浆褪黑素浓度及采用蒙特利尔认知评估表(MoCA)评分评估患者的认知功能。术前1d和术后第7天测定脑事件相关电位P300潜伏期和振幅。结果与T_0时比较,T_1—T_2时两组IL~(-1)β、IL-6、TNF-α、NSE、S100β蛋白含量明显增高(P0.05),但U组明显低于C组(P0.05);血浆褪黑素浓度、CD3~+、CD4~+细胞含量、CD4~+/CD8~+比值及MoCA评分明显下降(P0.05),但U组明显高于C组(P0.05);与C组比较,术后第7天U组P300潜伏期明显缩短,振幅明显升高,术后认知功能下降发生率明显降低(P0.05)。结论腹腔镜子宫全切术刺激可明显降低血浆褪黑素浓度及术后早期认知功能,乌司他丁干预可减缓这一趋势。     

Radiological follow-up after implanting cervical disc prosthesis in anterior discectomy: a systematic review

Objective

The objective of this study was to review current literature on the comparison of the radiological outcome of cervical arthroplasty with fusion after anterior discectomy for radiculopathy.

术前膝内外翻畸形程度对全膝关节置换术后疗效的影响研究

目的 探讨术前膝内外翻畸形程度对全膝关节置换术（TKA）后疗效的影响。方法 回顾性分析2016年3月至2020年6月因膝关节骨关节炎于武汉大学人民医院行初次全膝关节置换术的患者174例（178膝）。依据术前患肢髋膝踝角度分为A组（膝内翻≤10°）、B组（10°＜膝内翻≤20°）、C组（膝外翻≤10°）、D组（10°＜膝外翻≤20°）。其中,男27例,女147例;年龄65 ～ 88岁,平均（72.8±6.2）岁。记录术前及术后1周术侧HKA角,术前1周及术后末次随访时的HSS、ROM、AKS评分、VAS评分、AOFAS评分。对以上指标进行组间比较及相关性分析。结果 174例患者均获得随访,随访15 ～ 66个月,平均（42.0±16.0）个月。各组术后1周时HKA角均较术前明显改善（P＜0.05）;末次随访时各组患者的HSS评分、ROM评分、AKS功能和活动评分、AOFAS评分均较术前明显提高（P＜0.05）;VAS评分均较术前明显下降（P＜0.05）。不同程度内/外翻的术前各项指标、术后HKA及优良率、AOFAS评分比较,内/外翻程度越严重,结果越差（P＜0.05）;术后HSS评分、ROM、AKS功能及活动评分、VAS评分比较,差异均无统计学意义（P＞0.05）。膝内翻患者的术前HKA角与术前HSS评分、ROM、AKS活动及功能评分、VAS评分、AOFAS评分、术后AOFAS评分正相关（P＜0.05）,与术后HSS评分、ROM、AKS活动及功能评分、VAS评分无相关（P＞0.05）。膝外翻患者的术前HKA角与术前HSS评分、ROM、AKS活动及功能评分、AOFAS评分、术后AOFAS评分负相关（P＜0.05）,与术后HSS评分、ROM、AKS活动及功能评分、VAS评分、术前VAS评分无相关（P＞0.05）。结论 从中期随访来看,患者术前膝内、外翻畸形的严重程度对术后HKA对线优良率、术后踝关节功能、术前膝关节功能有显著影响,而对术后膝关节功能无显著影响。     

33例全髋关节置换术的5-10年随访结果分析

目的 探讨我院行全髋关节置换术的中期随访结果。方法 回顾研究了1995年1月～1999年12月期间行全髋关节置换术的33例（35髋）患者，手术时平均年龄62．6岁（34-85岁），平均随访82个月（66-118个月）。其中股骨头缺血性坏死6例，骨关节炎11例，股骨颈骨折11例，创伤性关节炎3例，强直性脊柱炎2例3髋，髋臼发育不良继发骨关节炎1例。临床疗效使用Harris评分，放射学评价使用Harris及Gruen评估法。结果 临床随访结果：Harris评分由术前的平均48．3分（24．2～59．5分）增至随访时的平均83．7分（41．8-99．7分）。X线随访结果：骨溶解：股骨侧：股骨假体周围出现透亮带9髋（25．7％），其中：区域性透亮带6髋（17．0%），连续性透亮带3髋（8．6％）。髋臼侧：出现透亮带11髋（31．4％），其中：区域性透亮带9髋（25．7％），连续性透亮带2髋（5．7％）。临床松动2髋（5．7％），可能松动4髋（11．4％），需行翻修手术治疗2髋（5．7%）。结论 全髋置换术是治疗严重髋关节病变的有效方法，具有良好的中期随访结果。磨损引起的碎屑是假体周围骨溶解，假体无菌性松动的主要原因，应引起重视。     

顾客让度价值理论在门诊护理工作中的应用

目的 从让度价值角度来认识门诊护理服务，提高门诊护理服务竞争力。方法 明确阐述让度价值理论知识，探讨让度价值理论对门诊护理服务的意义和运用。结论 以顾客让度价值理论认识门诊护理服务，用市场价值观给予新的定位，可以从另一个侧面加深对门诊护理工作的认识，从而以一种全新的管理模式提升门诊护理服务的价值。     

Effects of high-voltage electrical burns and other burns on levels of serum oxidative stress and telomerase in children

Introduction

Electrical burns cause significant morbidity and mortality worldwide. Here we measured changes in levels of serum oxidative stress and telomerase in children suffering from high-voltage electrical burn (HVEB) injuries and other burns and the significance of these parameters in terms of amputation.

高原地区健康男性血脂水平海拔差异性的研究

目的 观察海拔差异对高原第区健康男性血中总胆固醇（TC），甘油三脂（TG），高密度脂蛋白胆固醇（HDL）和低密度脂蛋白胆固醇（LDL）水平的影响。方法 采用酶法对长期生活在西宁（2260m）和刚察县（海拔3300m）的238健康男性分西宁和刚察两组进行了血清TC，TG。HDL和LDL水平检测分析。结果 两组血清TC，TG，HDL和LDL。检测结果发现，西宁组TC和LDL水平明显高于刚察组（P〈0．01），而HDL水平则明显低于刚察组（P〈0．01）。结论 在高原地区健康男性血液中，随着海拔高度的升高，HDL含量明显增加，而TC和LDL水平显著降低．     

A new automated colorimetric method for measuring total oxidant status

OBJECTIVES: To develop a new, colorimetric and automated method for measuring total oxidation status (TOS). DESIGN AND METHODS: The assay is based on the oxidation of ferrous ion to ferric ion in the presence of various oxidant species in acidic medium and the measurement of the ferric ion by xylenol orange. The oxidation reaction of the assay was enhanced and precipitation of proteins was prevented. In addition, autoxidation of ferrous ion present in the reagent was prevented during storage. The method was applied to an automated analyzer, which was calibrated with hydrogen peroxide and the analytical performance characteristics of the assay were determined. RESULTS: There were important correlations with hydrogen peroxide, tert-butyl hydroperoxide and cumene hydroperoxide solutions (r=0.99, P<0.001 for all). In addition, the new assay presented a typical sigmoidal reaction pattern in copper-induced lipoprotein autoxidation. The novel assay is linear up to 200 micromol H2O2 Equiv./L and its precision value is lower than 3%. The lower detection limit is 1.13 micromol H2O2 Equiv./L. The reagents are stable for at least 6 months on the automated analyzer. Serum TOS level was significantly higher in patients with osteoarthritis (21.23+/-3.11 micromol H2O2 Equiv./L) than in healthy subjects (14.19+/-3.16 micromol H2O2 Equiv./L, P<0.001) and the results showed a significant negative correlation with total antioxidant capacity (TAC) (r=-0.66 P<0.01). CONCLUSIONS: This easy, stable, reliable, sensitive, inexpensive and fully automated method that is described can be used to measure total oxidant status.