3D打印技术在脊柱侧凸矫形中的应用效果分析

目的探讨3D打印技术在脊柱侧凸矫形中的应用效果。方法 76例脊柱侧凸患者随机分为两组各38例。两组均实施后路小切口微创分期术,对照组行常规CT或X线辅助手术治疗,观察组行术前3D打印技术辅助手术治疗。比较两组的手术效果以及并发症。结果观察组的置钉准确率高于对照组,平均置钉时间短于对照组(P <0.05)。术后,观察组的终末融合后侧凸主侧凸冠状位Cobb角低于对照组,初次平均矫正率高于对照组(P <0.05)。两组的并发症发生率无统计学差异(P>0.05)。结论术前应用3D打印技术辅助治疗脊柱侧凸,可有效提升手术效果,更好地恢复脊柱生理弯曲,提高矫形成功率。     

医院三公经费内控管理的思考

“三公经费”是我国事业单位经费中一项主要组成部分,医院作为事业单位,“三公经费”的管理也尤为重要。目前,我国医院的“三公管理”尚且存在一些问题有待解决,该文先就目前三公经费现状与不足三公经费问题成因分析进行简单概述,再对加强医院三公经费管理的对策进行进一步分析。     

二维超声诊断胎儿脐带绕颈136例分析

目的 了解胎儿脐带绕颈时对胎儿安危及窘迫和缺氧的影响程度。方法 采用日本Aloka-630型超声诊断仪,孕妇孕周为28-42周。结果 二维超声诊断胎儿脐带绕颈136例,经分娩证实129例。符合率94.85%。结论 二维超声诊断与分娩后证实比较,超声是诊断脐带绕颈的可靠方法之一。为分娩方式提供依据。     

非水介质中明胶水凝胶电场驱动行为的研究

研究了明胶水凝胶在绝缘硅油中的电场响应行为。结果表明,在硅油中,明胶水凝胶在外加高压直流电场作用下可发生运动,其运动由转动和平动两部分组成。存在一个运动所需的最小阈值电场,只有外加电场在此阈值以上时,才可观察到水凝胶明显的运动。水凝胶的运动速度随外加电场的增大而增大,其运动可通过外加电场的大小来调控。由硅油很稳定且在电场中会电解,因此避免了传统电场驱动水凝胶在水介质中响应时不可避免的电解缺点,为建立一种新的电响应凝毅然驱动方式提供了可能。     

螺旋CT三维成像对颌面部骨折的诊断价值

目的　探讨螺旋 CT三维成像对于颌面部骨折的诊断价值。方法　对 2 5例颌面部外伤患者进行螺旋 CT薄层扫描和三维重建成像。结果　螺旋 CT三维成像能够立体地显示骨折的位置、形态、范围和类型。结论螺旋 CT三维成像对于显示颌面部骨折的空间关系具有重要的诊断价值     

大鼠磨牙三维有限元模型的建立

目的 :建立大鼠磨牙的三维有限元模型 ,探讨牙及牙周组织的应力分布状况。方法 :采用Sprague Dawley大鼠 2 0只 ,建立大鼠磨牙正畸移动的动物模型 ,制作大鼠上颌第一磨牙牙周连续切片 ;采用计算机技术 ,重建牙及牙周组织三维形态、结构 ,并建立其三维有限元模型。结果 :组织切片的应力分布显示牙周膜是一种存在于两种硬组织之间的软组织 ,有其特有的应力分布状态。结论 :本研究建立的正畸大鼠磨牙三维有限元模型是观察正畸牙移动过程中分析应力的一种简便、准确、可靠的模型及方法。     

Feasibility of a self‐assembling peptide hydrogel scaffold for meniscal defect: An in vivo study in a rabbit model

The inner avascular zone of the meniscus has limited healing capacity as the area is poorly vascularized. Although peptide hydrogels have been reported to regenerate bone and cartilage, their effect on meniscus regeneration remains unknown. We tested whether the self‐assembling peptide hydrogel scaffold KI24RGDS stays in the meniscal lesion and facilitates meniscal repair and regeneration in an induced rabbit meniscal defect model. Full‐thickness (2.0 mm diameter) cylindrical defects were introduced into the inner avascular zones of the anterior portions of the medial menisci of rabbit knees (n = 40). Right knee defects were left empty (control group) while the left knee defects were transplanted with peptide hydrogel (KI24RGDS group). Macroscopic meniscus scores were significantly higher in the KI24RGDS group than in the control group at 2, 4, and 8 weeks after surgery. Histological examinations including quantitative and qualitative scores indicated that compared with the control group, the reparative tissue in the meniscus was significantly enhanced in the KI24RGDS group at 2, 4, 8, and 12 weeks after surgery. Immunohistochemical staining showed that the reparative tissue induced by KI24RGDS at 12 weeks postimplantation was positive for Type I and II collagen. KI24RGDS is highly biocompatible and biodegradable, with strong stiffness, and a three dimensional structure mimicking native extracellular matrix and RGDS sequences that enhance cell adhesion and proliferation. This in vivo study demonstrated that KI24RGDS remained in the meniscal lesion and facilitated the repair and regeneration in a rabbit meniscal defect model.     

Pediatric cranial osteoblastoma: Technical note of surgical treatment and review of the literature

Osteoblastoma of the skull is a rare entity, and they account only for 2-4% of all the cases of osteoblastoma. We perform a comprehensive review of the pertinent literature on the subject and we report a case of a 3-year-old girl presenting with a 6-month history of a supraorbital mass and exophthalmos due to an osteoblastoma of the frontal and ethmoid bones involving the orbit and anterior skull base. A 3D printed model of the patient's skull was used for the preoperative planning and reconstruction strategy. Total en-bloc resection of the tumor followed by immediate reconstruction was achieved. No recurrence was detected 3 years after the surgery. Gross total resection is strongly advised with skull osteoblastoma, especially in young age, because of the risk of the recurrence and malignant transformation. 3D printing is proven to be a valuable tool to enhance surgical performance by avoiding complications while achieving total resection with accurate reconstruction. Long-term follow-up is important to detect recurrences and improve the management of these young patients.     

《伤寒论》六经辨证在IgA肾病诊治中的指导价值

《伤寒论》六经辨证是在《黄帝内经》六经理论及脏象、经络两学说的基础上发展、完善而得来的,是中医的鼻祖。本文的主要目的是探讨《伤寒论》六经辨证在IgA肾病诊治中应用价值。IgA肾病又称为原发性肾小球疾病,在我国常见,其整个发病过程可视为从三阳经(太阳、阳明、少阳)转变为三阴经(太阴、少阴及厥阴)。IgA肾病在各经为病,脉症特点并不相同,因此IgA肾病采用六经辨证为指导,判断病情,能够有效防治IgA肾病,对临床具有重要的意义及价值。