结核免疫水平监测方法的对比研究

目的　进一步证实 Ｐ Ｐ Ｄ 实验在监测结核免疫力中的应用价值。方法　用卡介苗接种８７９名儿童,１２ 周后进行 Ｐ Ｐ Ｄ 试验并查验卡痕反应,计算评价筛选试验的指标。结果　卡痕试验的敏感度、特异度、正确指数均低,而误诊率、漏诊率均高。结论　 Ｐ Ｐ Ｄ 实验是目前尚未开展人体内测定结核免疫力前唯一有效的监测结核免疫力的方法。     

MDA in plasma as a biomarker of exposure to pyrolysed MDI-based polyurethane: correlations with estimated cumulative dose and genotype for N-acetylation

The object of this study was to investigate whether exposure of pipe-layers to thermal degradation products of diphenylmethane diisocyanate (MDI) could be assessed by analysing 4,4-methylenedianiline (MDA) in hydrolysed plasma and urine, and whether the genotype for N-acetylation affected these biomarker levels. Blood and urine samples were drawn from 30-pipe-layers who had been welding polyurethane (PUR) insulated pipes during the preceding 3 months. MDA in hydrolysed plasma and urine was determined with a gas chromatography-mass spectrometry technique, and genotype for N-acetylation was analysed with a polymerase chain reaction technique. MDA in plasma was detected in 18 of the 30 pipe-layers. Their plasma concentrations of MDA varied from 0.05 to 8.48 g/1. There was a significant negative correlation between time since last welding of PUR-insulated pipes and P-MDA (r _s = 0.50, P = 0.005). There was also a significant positive correlation between the estimated number of welded PUR-insulated pipes during the preceding 3 months and P-MDA (r _s = 0.68, P = < 0.001). No significant association between genotype of N-acetylation and P-MDA was observed in a multiple regression analysis when adjustment was made for the estimated cumulative exposure to thermal degradation products of MDI. MDA in urine was detected in only four of the 30 pipe-layers. These four subjects had been welding PUR pipes on the same day as the sampling, or on the day before. The present results indicate the spot plasma samples analysed for MDA may give a rather good estimate of exposure to MDI during the preceding months. P-MDA, but not U-MDA, therefore seems to be a useful biomarker of long-term exposure to MDI. The individual N-acetylation capacity did not affect the plasma levels of MDA.     

旋转床模拟推拉动作对脑循环功能的影响

目的 探讨推拉动作对脑血管循环功能的影响及推拉效应的＋ＧＺ下降机制。方法１０名被试者在旋转床上经受“直立位－倒立位－直立位”Ｒ 模拟推拉动作,采用网谱勒（ＴＣＤ）技术监测分析旋转床模拟推拉脑血流速度及脉动参数的变化。结果 倒立位时出现收缩期流速增加、舒张期流速降低、脉动参数ＰＩ与ＲＩ升高的阻力增高型频谱,随后直立位时,这些变化更加明显且恢复较慢。在实验过程中平均血流速度没有显著变化。结论在推拉动作     

火电厂自然降尘对几种人体正常菌株生长的影响

目的研究火电厂自然沉降粉尘对3株人体正常菌的生长作用机制。方法分析所选火电厂粉尘的物相、主要化学成分及粒度分布,测定粉尘与各菌株相互作用后,菌落数、培养基pH值、葡萄糖(GLU)、电解质等相对试验对照样的变化,同时进行扫描电镜(SEM)分析,观察粉尘颗粒与各细菌的界面接触情况。结果3株人体正常菌与火电厂粉尘作用后,Ca2 、Mg2 浓度最大与细菌对照组(0.58mmol/L和0.38mmol/L)相比分别增加了0.69mmol/L(P<0.05)和0.16mmol/L(P<0.05),菌落数与细菌对照组(17×1011CFU/L)相比分别增加了1×1011CFU/L和12×1011CFU/L(P<0.05),而GLU的消耗量、pH值以及其他电解质等变化不明显。结论适量浓度的所选火电厂粉尘对人体正常菌株的生长影响不明显,但火电厂粉尘对人体体表正常菌(表皮葡萄球菌)的生长影响更为显著,更易造成其平衡失调。     

论病案室病案管理模式的若干问题

病案管理是医院科学管理的重要组成部分,也是医院现代化管理的重要环节。随着社会的进步和《医疗事故处理条例》的出台,病案管理的模式也随即发生了深刻变化,依法管理病案、依法利用病案,对病案管理提出了更新更高的标准。在新形势下,提高病案管理质量,必须打破传统病案管理方法滞后局面,建立反映病案管理质量的指标体系,实行病案管理全员全过程质量控制,对病案采取封闭式管理和开放型服务的管理模式,要应用新理论、新技术、新方法管理和使用病案,促进病案管理工作的不断发展。     

应用DITI对中医经络学再认识

目的:应用Digital Infrared Thermal Imaging(简称DITI)红外热像技术探讨针灸一经络原理。方法:选择40名健康志愿者,随机分组为内关穴组、公孙穴组、非内关穴组、非公孙穴组四组,分别在相同条件下相应穴位及非穴位针刺;选用目前国际上比较先进的DITI红外热像仪,在针刺前、针刺即刻,持续行针10 min,留针20～30 min后分别测定脘腹部温度变化,针刺前后各组温差(△T)数据统计处理。结果:内关及公孙穴组针刺前后脘腹部温度差(△T)有统计学意义(P<0．05);而另两组非穴位对照组则没有统计学意异。结论:中医经络腧穴学中八脉交会穴理论中内关、公孙两穴对脘腹部能量有协同调节作用。     

室内空气中苯的热解吸气相色谱测定法

目的建立了用热解吸气相色谱法测定室内空气中苯的方法。方法用活性炭管采集空气,将吸附管放入热解吸仪中加热,通氮气解吸出苯,用气相色谱仪FID检测器分析。结果采样量为20 L时,检出浓度为0.5μg/m3,样品回收率为94.6%~96.0%,相对标准偏差为1.83%~5.33%。并与国标方法进行了对比实验,经检验差异无显著性。结论该法操作简便,准确灵敏,适用于室内和工作场所空气中苯的测定。     

Beneficial effects of clopidogrel on glycemic indices and oxidative stress in patients with type 2 diabetes

Objective of present study is to evaluate the possible role of clopidogrel in improving glycemic indices and oxidative stress in patients with type 2 diabetes.This study was performed on 42 uncontrolled type 2 diabetic patients at the specialized center for Endocrinology and Diabetes, Al-Rasafa Directorate of Health, Baghdad. All of the patients were treated with (glibenclamide 5 mg at morning) and randomized into two groups: the first group includes 22 patients treated with clopidogrel tablets (75 mg/day) for 2 months; the second group includes 20 patients treated with a placebo formula (sodium bicarbonate 200 mg/day) for the same period. Treatment with clopidogrel produced significant improvement (P < 0.05) in fasting serum glucose (FSG), fasting serum insulin level, quantitative insulin sensitivity check index (QUICKI); and oxidative stress markers: serum malondialdehyde (MDA) and serum reduced glutathione (GSH) compared to their baseline levels. There was significant elevation (P < 0.05) in both FSG and fasting serum insulin and the MDA level with significant reduction (P < 0.05) in QUICKI of placebo group compared to their baseline levels. However, clopidogrel produced significant elevation (P < 0.05) in AST and ALT levels but placebo formula caused no significant alteration (P > 0.05) in the serum levels of these two enzymes.In conclusion the treatment with clopidogrel improved glycemic indices and reduced oxidative stress in patients with type 2 diabetes.     

芎芍胶囊对心肌梗死大鼠缺血心肌血管新生的影响

目的:观察芎芍胶囊对心肌梗死大鼠缺血心肌血管新生的影响.方法:采用开胸结扎冠状动脉左前降支的方法建立心肌梗死模型,清洁级(或SPF级)SD大鼠(雌雄各半)分为模型组、高剂量组、中剂量组、低剂量组,每组8只,分别用生理盐水、芎芍胶囊高、中、低剂量进行灌胃给药,连续给药6周后采集血,分离样本,并按规定保存,用免疫组化评分法...     

Association Between a Body Shape Index and Subclinical Carotid Atherosclerosis in Population Free of Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Diseases

Aim: We used a dataset from a cross-sectional survey conducted in China to determine which of the anthropometric indices of obesity are important in terms of carotid atherosclerosis free of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases. Methods: A total of 5,245 participants who were volunteering for carotid ultrasound unit in this cross-sectional survey were included in the present analysis. All subjects were free of angina, myocardial infarction, heart failure and stroke, and cancer. A low-risk subgroup was defined as people free of hypertension, diabetes, and hyperlipidemia. All analyses based on logistic regression were gender-specific. Results: The present study consisted of 2,501 males and 2,744 females, with 776 (31.03%) diagnosed as carotid artery plaque in males and 550 (20.04%) in females. Univariable analyses in unadjusted logistic model showed significant associations between disease presence and all central obesity indices. After adjusting for more variables, only a body shape index (ABSI) was associated with the presence of disease in both males and females. Moreover, stepwise regression approaches revealed that ABSI was always an independent determinant of the presence of subclinical carotid plaque. Multiple regression shows a linear and significant increase in the prevalence of atherosclerosis in males and females as ABSI decile levels increased. Similar results were obtained when the association between ABSI and carotid plaque was studied in this low-risk subgroup. Conclusions: ABSI, as a novel anthropometric indicator compared with traditional indices, was found to have a closer relationship with subclinical carotid atherosclerosis, even in populations free of hypertension, diabetes, and hyperlipidemia.