Effects of a multidisciplinary, post-discharge continuance of care intervention on quality of life, discharge satisfaction, and hospital length of stay: a randomized controlled trial.

OBJECTIVE: To determine the impact of a hospital-coordinated discharge care plan, involving a multidisciplinary team of primary health care providers, on hospital length of stay, quality of life, and both patient and general practitioner inclusion in, and satisfaction with, discharge procedures. DESIGN: This investigation comprised a prospective, randomized, controlled, clinical trial. SETTING: This multicentre and cross-jurisdictional study focused on areas of tertiary and primary health care as well as community allied health in Western Australia. PARTICIPANTS: Patients (n = 189) with chronic cardiorespiratory diagnoses were recruited from respiratory, cardiovascular, and general medical wards at two tertiary hospitals. INTERVENTION: Subjects were randomly assigned to one of two groups. Intervention group patients received a discharge care plan in accordance with that outlined in the Australian Enhanced Primary Care Package, completed before discharge and sent to the patient's general practitioner and other community service providers for review. Control patients were discharged under existing hospital processes. Outcome measures. Patients and general practitioners were surveyed pre-discharge and 7 days post-discharge for quality of life and opinion of discharge procedures. Hospital length of stay was also determined. RESULTS: Significant improvements in discharge planning involvement, health service access, confidence with discharge procedures, and opinion of discharge based on previous experience were seen for patients who received the discharge care plan. Further, improved perceptions of mental quality of life were observed within the first week post-discharge for intervention patients. Length of stay showed no difference between groups. Extent and speed of hospital-general practitioner communication were significantly improved via the intervention. CONCLUSIONS: Our results indicate that a multidisciplinary discharge care plan, initiated before separation, improves quality of life, involvement, and satisfaction with discharge care, and hospital-general practitioner integration. As such, it possesses benefits over current Western Australian hospital discharge procedures for the care of chronically ill populations.     

谈中等卫生学校课堂创新教育

探讨中等卫生学校医学人才的培养问题.方法:以现代教学思想为指导,实行启发式教学和研究性学习.结果:在实践中达到了事半功倍的教学效果.结论:教学一定要根据不同的教学对象,充分利用教学资源,以灵活多变的教学方式才能达到预期的教学目的.     

Tubulin immunoreactive neuronal intranuclear inclusions in the human brain

Intranuclear filamentous and crystalline inclusion bodies have been described in the nuclei of a variety of cells in both normal and pathological states. The functional significance of these structures remains to be elucidated. Moreover, although the proteinaceous nature of these inclusions has been inferred in some histochemical studies, the identity of their constituent proteins remains to be determined. In the present study, immunohistochemistry was used to investigate the presence of intranuclear inclusions in neurones of the human brain which are intensely immunoreactive for the neuronal cytoskeletal protein class III beta tubulin. The ability to label these structures immunohistochemically was exploited to investigate the topographic pattern of distribution of these inclusions in the human brain. Intranuclear inclusions were rod-shaped, polygonal, or irregular in shape. They were present in neurones and ependymal cells. Intranuclear inclusion-bearing neurones were distributed in an anatomically heterogeneous pattern in the brain. Areas exhibiting relatively high densities of inclusions included the substantia inominata and anterior olfactory nucleus, dentate gyrus, substantia nigra, inferior olivary nucleus, and dentate nucleus of the cerebellum. In addition, intranuclear inclusions were prevalent in neurones in layers II, V, and VI of the cerebral cortex. They were particularly prevalent in the mesial basal temporal neocortex. The relationship of these structures to the intranuclear rods and sheets of the classical microscopists is uncertain. The demonstration that they are composed, at least in part, of tubulin, a major cytoskeletal protein, provides important clues regarding the mechanisms underlying their formation and provides a springboard for developing hypotheses regarding their functional significance. Furthermore, the ability to demonstrate these inclusions immunohistochemically provides an avenue for further studies directed at elucidating the potential involvement of these inclusions in various pathological settings.     

1980例孕中晚期胎儿彩色多普勒超声检查结果回顾性分析

目的:利用彩色多普勒超声筛查孕中晚期胎儿异常或畸形,降低围产死亡率,提高人口出生质量。方法:对我院2002年1月至2005年3月1980例孕中晚期胎儿彩色多普勒超声检查结果回顾性分析。结果:检出胎儿畸形45例,死胎12例,低置胎盘24例,38周～42周胎位不正51例、脐绕颈316例。其中绝大多数在本院或外院引产证实,少数经过尸解证实。结论:彩色多普勒超声可发现大多数的胎儿形态结构异常,使一些致死性的畸形及早终止妊娠,非致死性的异常或畸形有了选择的空间;在提高人的出生质量上彩色多普勒超声起着不可或缺的作用,而且越来越显现出其独特的功能所在。     

农村中医药人力资源教育意愿调查及社会伦理分析

通过研究样本地区农村中医药人力资源的现状,对中医药人力资源的培训与继续教育意愿进行分析,探讨合理配置农村中医药人力资源的政策和措施,促进农村中医事业的发展,实现卫生公平.     

差示扫描量热法测定7种药物纯度

目的用差示扫描量热(DSC)法测定药物纯度及探讨影响测定结果的因素。方法用DSC法测定吲哚美辛等7种不同类别药物的纯度,并与《中国药典》规定方法结果进行对照。结果DSC法测定药物纯度的准确性好;试药的用量、纯度、升温速度对测定结果产生影响。结论本法测定高纯度药物简便、结果准确。     

肺开放通气治疗重症急性胰腺炎并发急性呼吸窘迫综合征研究

目的探讨肺开放通气治疗重症急性胰腺炎(SAP)并发急性呼吸窘迫综合征(ARDS)疗效及其对血流动力学的影响。方法将20例重症胰腺炎并发急性呼吸窘迫综合证(ARDS)随机分为Ⅰ组:肺开放通气组(肺保护通气联合肺复张术)和Ⅱ组:常规肺保护通气组,比较两组通气前,通气后12 h,24 h,48 h,72 h血气指标,Ⅰ组与Ⅱ组同时间血气指标和Ⅰ组肺开放通气前后心率,平均动脉压。结果两组通气后较通气前PaO2,SaO2,氧合指数(PaO2/FiO2)显著改善,Ⅰ组较Ⅱ组通气后PaO2,SaO2,氧合指数(PaO2/FiO2)增加更显著,Ⅰ组通气前后心率和平均动脉压无显著变化。结论肺开放通气较常规肺保护通气更能提高氧合且对血流动力学无影响。     

不同骨面型成人骨性安氏Ⅲ类牙颌畸形非手术治疗的疗效分析

目的观察不同骨面型骨性安氏Ⅲ类成人患者非手术治疗疗效的异同。方法收集北京大学口腔医学院正畸科1997—2000年就诊的非手术治疗骨性安氏Ⅲ类成人患者21例,根据不同骨面型及拔牙与否分成3组,分别对各组16项测量项目治疗前后测量值进行配对样本t检验。结果骨性Ⅲ类成人患者非手术治疗后骨骼变化有限,咬合关系的改善主要靠牙齿的代偿移动。牙齿的代偿与患者颅面形态和拔牙与否有关。结论不同骨面型或不同类骨性安氏Ⅲ类成人患者非手术治疗的疗效不尽相同。     

皮质醇水平轨迹分析识别脓毒症新亚型

目的 采用纵向血浆皮质醇水平轨迹识别脓毒症患者的新亚型。方法 回顾性选择2019年3月至2021年8月于复旦大学附属中山医院重症医学科住院治疗的成人脓毒症患者96例,在入组后第1～3个晨8时和第1、2个下午4时采集患者血液,分析皮质醇浓度变化轨迹。根据轨迹潜在类别分析结果将患者分组,比较不同组基础情况、疾病严重程度、实验室检查及临床结局(如住院时间、死亡率)等。结果 96例脓毒症患者中位年龄68岁,以男性患者为主(68.8%)。诱发脓毒症的原发病以腹部感染为主(83.3%),而合并症以肿瘤居多(61.5%),特别是肠道肿瘤。根据皮质醇水平轨迹,将患者分为皮质醇水平由较高浓度逐渐回落组(回落组,n=33)和在正常范围且波动较为稳定组(稳定组,n=63)。回落组入组时病情更重,序贯器官衰竭评分（SOFA）分值[8(6, 11)分vs 6(4,8)分]及APACHEⅡ评分[20(15,23)分vs 15(11,18)分]高于稳定组（P<0.01）。回落组28 d死亡率(42.4%vs 17.4%)和90 d死亡率(45.5%vs 22.2%)明显高于稳定组（P<0.05）。结论 ...