In vitro T-lymphocyte function in head and neck cancer patients

T-lymphocyte cell function was studied in vitro in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) from 61 male patients with head and neck squamous cell carcinomas compared to 46 control patients. Patients older than 80 years or with reduced tumor-related performance status as measured by Karnofsky score less than 75 were excluded. In contrast to previous similar studies, control subjects ensured a minimum stress load by sampling all patients on the day of either diagnostic or therapeutic surgery. PBMC were separated by density-gradient centrifugation and subsequently cultured with autologous sera in vitro. The mitogen concanavalin A (Con A), which stimulates all T-cell clones, was employed. Findings showed that increased Con A stimulation and PBMC proliferation occurred with PBMC from cancer patients compared to that from control patients. In contrast, no differences could be detected with respect to the stimulated supernatant level of interleukin-2, interleukin-4 or interferon-γ between the groups. These results suggest that T-lymphocytes from PBMC are generally affected by neoplastic disease through either a supporting cell or serum factor.     

Radioenhancement by cisplatin with accelerated fractionated radiotherapy in a human tumour xenograft

The aim of the present study was to investigate whether cisplatin would enhance the radioresponse of a human tumour xenograft when given in different schedules combined with accelerated fractionated radiation therapy. A human squamous carcinoma of the hypopharynx, FaDu, was grown in the thigh of athymic nude mice. Tumours were exposed to twice-daily 2-Gy fractions, applied 6 h apart over 2 weeks, 5 days a week, alone or combined with cisplatin given at maximally tolerated doses in three different schedules: (1) i.p. as a single bolus (SB) or (2) i.p. as a daily bolus at 30 min before the first daily radiation fraction or (3) s.c. as a continuous infusion through a mini-osmotic pump over 13 days, commencing 24 h prior to the first daily radiation fraction. The end point for the study was tumour growth delay (TGD), calculated as the difference between the delay in regrowth to 200% of the initial tumour size in treated versus control mice. SB cisplatin plus radiation showed only an additive effect on TGD, whereas daily-bolus and continuous-infusion cisplatin demonstrated a greater than additive effect when combined with accelerated fractionated radiation in this human tumour model. Cisplatin appears to be especially beneficial as a radiation enhancer when given throughout the course of radiation. Received: 15 December 1996 / Accepted: 25 March 1997     

用聚合酶链反应技术制备地高辛素标记核酸探针检测国人喉癌人类乳头瘤病毒DNA

应用聚合酶链反应（PCR）技术制备非放射性探针标记物——地高辛素标记人类乳头瘤病毒（HPV）共有引物探针，对146例喉不同病变的新鲜组织标本（喉癌68例，喉其它病变48例，正常喉组织30例）进行HPV6，11，16，18，31，33，35，42，58共9型HPVSDNAS感染的检测。结果表明，喉癌组HPV感染阳性率45．6％（31／68），喉癌颈转移淋巴结组阳性率21．0％（3／15），喉癌前病变阳性率11．8％（2／17），声带息肉组阳性率6．3％（1／16），15例癌旁及15例癌周正常喉组织均为HPVDNA阴性。文中还对HPV在喉癌中的致病作用及应用PCR技术制备地高李标记HPV共有引物探针的敏感性及特异性进行了讨论。     

Induction of Squamous Cell Carcinomas in the Salivary Glands of Rats by Potassium Iodide

In a 2-year carcinogenicity study of potassium iodide (KI) in F344/DuCrj rats, squamous cell carcinomas (SCCs) were observed in the salivary glands of 4/40 males and 3/40 females receiving 1000 ppm KI in the drinking water. Ductular proliferation with lobular atrophy was observed at high incidence in the submandibular glands of the high-dose animals, and squamous metaplasia was frequently evident within the proliferative ductules and the larger interlobular ducts. A transition from metaplasia to SCC was apparent. The results suggest that squamous metaplasia in proliferative ductules, occurring secondarily to lobular impairment induced by KI, may develop into SCCs via a non-genotoxic, proliferation-dependent mechanism.     

无法切除的复发头颈部鳞癌的姑息放疗

为评价头颈部鳞癌术后复发患者行姑息放疗的疗效及其影响因素，对１９８８年７月至１９９６年２月在我科接受姑息放疗的１０６例患者的资料行回顾性分析。结果：放疗后ＣＲ２２．６％（２４／１０６），ＰＲ３８．７％（４１／１０６），ＮＲ３８．７％（４１／１０６）；总有效率为６１．３％（６５／１０６）；放疗后挽救性手术成功率为４／９；疗后６３．２％（６７／１０６）的患者Ｋａｒｎｏｆｓｋｙ得分上升，症状减轻，生存质量提高；１、２、３年生存率分别为５４．７％（５８／１０６）、２１．７％（２３／１０６）和５．７％（６／１０６）；远处转移率２９．２％（３１／１０６），放疗并发症１０．４％（１１／１０６）。结论：姑息放疗是晚期头颈部鳞癌术后复发患者一种较好的治疗选择；为了提高疗效，放射剂量应尽可能高于５０Ｇｙ，采用超分割连续放疗技术和避免分段。     

肾盂鳞状细胞癌5例报告

目的探讨肾盂鳞状细胞癌的术前诊断及治疗方法.方法回顾性分析5例肾盂鳞状细胞癌的临床资料,所有病例均行IVU及B超检查,2例CT检查,3例尿脱落细胞学检查.5例均手术治疗.结果4例术前得以确诊,1例误诊.4例术后1年内死亡.结论肾盂鳞状细胞癌常合并结石,早期诊断困难.治疗首选根治性肾切除术,但恶性程度高,预后差.     

人正常宫颈鳞状上皮基因表达模式的研究

目的　研究人正常宫颈鳞状上皮基因表达模式。　方法　应用基因表达系统性分析方法 (serial analysis of gene expression,SAGE)建立正常宫颈鳞状上皮基因表达的 SAGE文库。　结果　经 SAGE分析获得 2 0 880个特异标签 ,从中得到 2 935个特异基因信息 ,93.6 %基因呈低表达 ,其余 6 .4 %基为呈中、高表达。　结论　宫颈的鳞状上皮细胞中有众多的基因表达 ,其中绝大多数基因呈低表达 ,只有为数很少的基因呈高表达 ,对今后宫颈癌发病机制的研究具有重要意义。     

Difference of Gene Expression Profiles between Barrett’s Esophagus and Cardia Intestinal Metaplasia by Gene Chip

Theincidenceofadenocarcinomaintheesoph agusandgastroesophagealjunction(GEJ)isin creasingforthetwodecadesinNorthAmericaandEurope[1].Barrett'sesophagus(BE)isthoughttobeapremalignantconditionforesophagealadeno carcinomaandmostofadenocarcinomasatGEJ[2].Recentlythepresenceofcardiaintestinalmetapla sia(CIM)insomenormalappearingGEJhasbeendescribed[3].TherelationofthisconditiontoBEhasnotyetbeeninvestigated.Inthisexperiment,wehadperformedoura nalysisonthree4096chipsinordertoacquirethedifference…     

宫颈鳞癌淋巴结转移特点、相关因素及预后分析

目的:阐明宫颈癌诸多临床病理生理因素与淋巴结转移的相关性,揭示宫颈癌淋巴结转移的规律及其对预后的影响,并针对具有不同淋巴结转移特点的宫颈癌患者制定个体化治疗方案。方法:回顾性分析中山大学肿瘤防治中心1993年12月~1996年12月收治的Ιa-Ⅱb期、以手术治疗为主的99例宫颈鳞癌患者的淋巴结转移特点、临床病理生理因素、预后及其相互关系。结果:①99例宫颈癌患者总体5年生存率60.6%,其中无淋巴结转移者5年生存率70.0%,有淋巴结转移者5年生存率36.7%。②较晚的临床分期,原发病灶大于或等于4 cm,病理分化程度较低者,有较高的淋巴结转移率,反之淋巴结转移率低。③宫颈癌单侧及单站淋巴结转移者预后好于双侧及多站淋巴结转移者;有髂总淋巴结转移者预后极差,单侧仅有闭孔淋巴结转移者5年生存率67.0%,与无淋巴结转移者相近(71.0%)。④宫颈癌闭孔淋巴结转移率最高,其它部位淋巴结转移者多合并有闭孔淋巴结转移。结论:①淋巴结转移是影响宫颈癌预后的重要因素。②临床分期、原发灶大小与宫颈癌淋巴结转移呈正相关,分化程度与淋巴结转移呈负相关。③闭孔淋巴结可能是宫颈癌的前哨淋巴结。④髂总淋巴结转移者,治疗应更积极、个体化,单侧闭孔淋巴结转移者,预后较好,或可免行术后补充治疗,而代之以密切随访。