从瘀论治功能性肛门直肠痛

功能性肛门直肠痛是一种以肛门直肠疼痛、坠胀、便意明显为主要临床表现的肛门直肠疾病,具有病程长、易反复特点,尤其慢性功能性肛门直肠痛患者生活质量下降明显,常合并失眠、抑郁、焦虑等.目前单纯西药治疗效果不佳.中医有一定疗效,但仍有部分患者疗效不佳.本文提出"气滞血瘀"是功能性肛门直肠痛核心病机,"从瘀论治"是其基本治法,并...     

Endothelium-independent relaxation and contraction of rat aorta induced by ethyl acetate extract from leaves of Morus alba (L.)

Aim of the study

Based on screening for vasoactive traditional Chinese medicinal herbs, the present study was performed to investigate the vasoactive effects of an ethyl acetate extract from leaves of Morus alba (L.) (ELM) on rat thoracic aorta and the mechanisms underlying these effects.

Materials and methods

Isolated rat thoracic rings were mounted in an organ bath system and the effects of ELM on their responses were evaluated.

Results

ELM (0.125–32.000 g/l) induced a concentration-dependent relaxation (P < 0.01 vs. control) both in endothelium-intact and -denuded aortas precontracted by high K⁺ (6 × 10⁻² M) or 10⁻⁶ M phenylephrine (PE). In endothelium-denuded aortas, ELM at the EC₅₀ concentration reduced Ca²⁺-induced contraction (P < 0.01 vs. control) after PE or KCl had generated a stable contraction in Ca²⁺-free solution. And after incubation with verapamil, ELM induced contraction in endothelium-denuded aortas precontracted by PE (P < 0.01 vs. control); this was abolished by ruthenium red (P < 0.01 vs. ELM-treated endothelium-denuded group; P > 0.05 vs. control), but not by heparin (P > 0.01 vs. ELM-treated endothelium-denuded group; P < 0.01 vs. control).

Conclusions

The results showed that ELM had dual vasoactive effects, and the relaxation was greater than the contraction. The relaxation was mediated by inhibition of voltage- and receptor-dependent Ca²⁺ channels in vascular smooth muscle cells, while the contraction occurred via activation of ryanodine receptors in the sarcoplasmic reticulum.     

Habitual Total Drinking Fluid Intake Did Not Affect Plasma Hydration Biomarkers among Young Male Athletes in Beijing,China: A Cross-Sectional Study

The purposes of this study were to explore the drinking patterns, and urinary and plasma hydration biomarkers of young adults with different levels of habitual total drinking fluid intake. A cross-sectional study was conducted among 111 young male athletes in Beijing, China. Total drinking fluids and water from food were assessed by a 7-day, 24-h fluid intake questionnaire and the duplicate portion method, respectively. The osmolality and electrolyte concentrations of the 24-h urine and fasting blood samples were tested. Differences in groups LD₁ (low drinker), LD₂, HD₁, and HD₂ (high drinker), divided according to the quartiles of total drinking fluids, were compared using one-way ANOVA, Kruskal–Wallis H-tests, and chi-squared tests. A total of 109 subjects completed the study. The HD₂ group had greater amounts of TWI (total water intake) and higher and lower contributions of total drinking fluids and water from food to TWI, respectively, than the LD₁, LD₂, and HD₁ groups (p < 0.05), but the amounts of water from food did not differ significantly among the four groups (all p > 0.05). Participants in the HD₂ group had higher amounts of water than participants in the LD₁, LD₂, and HD₁ groups (p < 0.05); SSBs were the second top contributor of total drinking fluids, ranging from 24.0% to 31.8%. The percentage of subjects in optimal hydration status increased from 11.8% in the LD₁ group to 58.8% in the HD₂ group (p < 0.05). The HD₂ and HD₁ groups had 212–227 higher volumes of urine than the LD₁ and LD₂ groups (p < 0.05). No significant differences were found in the plasma biomarkers (p > 0.05), with the exception of higher concentrations of K in the HD₁ group than in the LD₁ group (p < 0.05). Subjects with higher amounts of total drinking fluids had better hydration status than those with lower total drinking fluids, but not better drinking patterns. Habitual total drinking fluids did not affect the plasma biomarkers.     

喷淋式饱和结晶器处理渗沥液吹脱氨制备硫酸铵结晶的试验探索

介绍了自制的一体化喷淋式饱和结晶器,通过对试验条件的测试及硫酸铵结晶产品的检验,验证了设备的可靠性及最佳工作条件。通过实验得到工程化运行的相关参数、产品质量及运行中可能出现问题的解决方案。     

Electrochemical Evaluation of Stress Corrosion Cracking Susceptibility of Ti-6Al-3Nb-2Zr-1Mo Alloy Welded Joint in Simulated Deep-Sea Environment

Titanium alloys have high specific strength and excellent corrosion resistance and have been applied in deep-sea engineering fields. However, stress corrosion cracking may become one of the biggest threats to the service safety of a high-strength titanium alloy, as well as its weldment. In this work, stress corrosion cracking of a gas-tungsten-arc-welded Ti-6Al-3Nb-2Zr-1Mo (Ti6321) alloy influenced by the applied potentials in simulated deep-sea and shallow-sea environments was investigated by combining slow strain rate testing with electrochemical measurements. The results showed that the service environment and applied potential have a substantial effect on the stress corrosion cracking behavior of the Ti6321 welded joint. The Ti6321 welded joint exhibited higher stress corrosion susceptibility in a simulated deep-sea environment and at a strong polarization level owing to the diminishing protection of the passive film under passivation inhibition and the enhancement of the hydrogen effect. The fracture of a Ti6321 welded joint in the weld material could be attributed to the softening effect of the thick secondary α within the coarse-grained martensite. The electrochemical evaluation model of stress corrosion cracking susceptibility of a Ti6321 welded joint in a simulated marine environment was established by adding the criterion in the passivation region based on the literature model, and four potential regions corresponding to different stress corrosion cracking mechanisms were classified and discussed. Our study provides useful guidance for the deep-sea engineering applications of Ti6321 alloys and a rapid assessment method of stress corrosion risk.     

小鼠胰岛与血管关系的研究

本文在观察小鼠胰腺HE、免疫组织化学、硝酸银-醛复红-铅苏木素染色切片标本中,发现小鼠胰岛与胰岛外血管的关系极其密切。     

Jewel of the seabed: sea cucumbers as nutritional and drug candidates

Marine sources have been attracting the attention of scientists and manufacturers worldwide hoping to find new alternatives for biological active substances. Promising new research indicates that sea cucumber, which is slug-like in appearance and has been a staple in Japan, China and other parts of East Asia since ancient times, is beginning to gain popularity as a dietary supplement in western countries. The roles of sea cucumber extracts in various physiological functions have spurred researchers to investigate the ability of sea cucumber to be an alternative in neutraceutical and medical applications. This article provides a brief introduction to sea cucumber and reviews its numerous bioactive compounds, such as triterpene glycosides, glycosaminoglycans, gangliosides, collagen, branched-chain fatty acid and lectins, which serve as potential sources of neutraceutical, pharmaceutical and cosmetic agents, thus providing a new platform in biochemical research.     

I can't sleep at night with discharging this lady: The personal impact of ending therapy on speech-language pathologists

The ending of therapy is a crucial time for speech-language pathologists and can impact on their sense of achievement and satisfaction. Drawing on literature from psychotherapy, social work and rehabilitation as well as from the area of aphasia therapy, this paper explores how speech-language pathologists juggle the tensions of coping with real versus ideal endings, of managing the building of close therapeutic relationships which then have to be broken, and of balancing a respect for client autonomy while retaining control over caseloads and fair allocation of resources. I suggest that the way in which therapy finishes reflects a merger of how clinicians manage these tensions. Clinicians may benefit from a greater recognition of what they do and feel at discharge, not only to further reflective practice, but also to encourage more sensitive involvement with both clients and students.     

从脾肾论治脂溢性脱发

脂溢性脱发好发部位多为头顶、前额两侧等处.此病多发于青壮年男性,近年来发现女性患者人数有增加的趋势.中医认为,脂溢性脱发,其病位在发与肾,而与脾关系密切,当针对其湿热内盛,邪气循经上传,侵蚀发根毛囊以及阻遏肾中精血滋养发根毛囊的病机特点,采用清热利湿、活血通络、补肾填精等治法,内外合治,方能收到较好的治疗效果.