住院儿童跌落伤季节规律研究

目的 了解武汉市儿童医院因跌落住院治疗儿童的基本特征及住院人次数的季节变化规律，以利于医院合理配置资源，提高对跌落伤患者的救治能力；有助于有关部门制定相应的干预措施，减少儿童跌落伤发生。方法 对住院患者基本情况进行描述性分析，用X11季节调整法对住院人次数进行时间序列分析。结果 12年间跌落伤病例数逐年增加的；性别比为2．06：1，0～6岁儿童人次数最多，占66．9；儿童住院时间季节因子在5-10月为高峰，12月、1月和2月为低谷。结论：X11过程适用于儿童跌落伤住院季节规律分析，12年来，儿童跌落伤住院的季节因子不是固定不变的，而是有一个缓慢演变的过程。     

Enhancement of persistent Na+ current by sea anemone toxin (ATX II) exerts dual action on hippocampal excitability

We used anemone toxin II (ATX II) to study how a selective enhancement of persistent Na+ current (INaP) would affect the excitability of CA1 pyramidal neurons in the hippocampal slice. In whole-cell recordings from CA1 cell somata, local application of ATX II (10 microM) into the stratum pyramidale invariably depolarized the neurons and produced sustained burst discharges with depolarizing plateau potentials of variable amplitude and length. However, the strong excitatory action of ATX II, observed on the single cell level, was not mirrored in field potential recordings from the same hippocampal subfield. The amplitude of the electrically evoked population spike declined, reflecting the decreased availability of fast Na+ channels, and the intracellulary recorded burst discharges were not detected by the field electrode. The lacking synchronization of cellular bursting activity was seen during both local and bath application of ATX II, suggesting that the toxin, in addition to promoting burst discharges of individual neurons, simultaneously dampens network excitability. In fact, ATX II reduced afferent fibre volleys (reflecting axonal excitability) and field excitatory postsynaptic potentials (EPSPs) in a similar fashion. As the expression of different Na+ channel subtypes appears to be compartmentalized within hippocampal neurons, we propose that point mutations leading to pathologically enhanced INaP might exert quite opposite effects, depending on the type and location of the Na+ channel affected. Whereas alterations of somatodendritic Na+ channels would give rise to bursting activity, alterations of axonal Na+ channels would primarily decrease network excitability.     

Are We Lost in the Labyrinth of the Sinoatrial Node Pacemaker Mechanism?

Despite extensive electrophysiologic studies performed to date, the ionic mechanisms of sinoatrial node pacemaker activity are unclear. This article highlights three recent topics associated with this issue: (1) sustained inward current (Ist)); (2) the role of Ca2+ release from the sarcoplasmic reticulum; and (3) the role of L-type Ca2+ current (I(Ca,L)). New observations on these topics seem to make the scenario of the pacemaker mechanism increasingly complex. However, such complexity and diversity of ionic events and their orchestration may be important for the sinoatrial node to perform its robust pacemaking activity under a variety of pathophysiologic circumstances.     

产朊假丝酵母尿酸酶纳米脂质体的研制及其理化性质

 目的 研制产朊假丝酵母尿酸酶纳米脂质体（nanoliposomes containing uricase from candida utilis, UCCNLs）并对其理化性质和体外活性进行评价。 方法 采用逆向蒸发法制备UCCNLs,以包封率、最小多分散指数、粒径等为评价指标优化制备工艺。考察体外降尿酸活性。考察4,25 ℃纳米粒的稳定性。结果 醚水比为3∶1,脂醇比为1∶1,投药量为2 mg时,UCCNLs的平均包封率为64.24%,平均粒径为206.73 nm,多分散系数为0.247,Zeta电位为-37.33 mV。将尿酸从0.595 mol·L-1降至正常水平UCCNLs所需时间约为游离酶的一半。UCCNLs在4 ℃时具有良好的稳定性。结论 采用逆向蒸发法可制备UCCNLs,工艺简便,包封率高,稳定性较好,体外降尿酸效果好。     

The stinging Apidae and Vespidae (Hymenoptera: Apocrita) in Iranian islands,Qeshm, Abu–Musa,Great Tunb and Lesser Tunb on the Persian Gulf

ObjectiveTo study the stinging flying Hymenoptera (Apidae and Vespidae) fauna in four Iranian Islands, Qeshm, Greater Tunb, Lesser Tunb and Abu-Musa on the Persian Gulf.MethodsThe flies were captured by used of Malaise trap, fly trap, bottle trap and insect net-hashing from March 2011 to July 2012.ResultsIn this study, 11 species of stinging Hymenoptera were reported for the first time in Persian Gulf region.ConclusionsSome of this species such as Vespa orientalis and Polistes olivaceus are more common in the Persian Gulf islands and can cause clinical problem to islands resident and travelers.     

Food away from home and body mass outcomes: Taking heterogeneity into account enhances quality of results

ObjectivesThe aim of this study was to explore the heterogeneous association of consumption of food away from home (FAFH) with individual body mass outcomes including body mass index and waist circumference over the entire conditional distribution of each outcome.MethodsInformation on 16 403 adults obtained from nationally representative data on nutrition and behavior in Korea was used. A quantile regression model captured the variability of the association of FAFH with body mass outcomes across the entire conditional distribution of each outcome measure. Heavy FAFH consumption was defined as obtaining ≥1400 kcal from FAFH on a single day.ResultsHeavy FAFH consumption, specifically at full-service restaurants, was significantly associated with higher body mass index (+0.46 kg/m² at the 50th quantile, 0.55 at the 75th, 0.66 at the 90th, and 0.44 at the 95th) and waist circumference (+0.96 cm at the 25th quantile, 1.06 cm at the 50th, 1.35 cm at the 75th, and 0.96 cm at the 90th quantiles) with overall larger associations at higher quantiles. Findings of the study indicate that conventional regression methods may mask important heterogeneity in the association between heavy FAFH consumption and body mass outcomes.ConclusionFurther public health efforts are needed to improve the nutritional quality of affordable FAFH choices and nutrition education and to establish a healthy food consumption environment.     

西垂茉莉的生药学研究

目的:研究楚雄臭菜的生药学特征。方法:对楚雄臭菜茎、叶的横切面和叶粉末进行生药学显微鉴定。结果:通过研究揭示了楚雄臭菜茎、叶的横切面显微构造和叶粉末显微特征。结论:经过对楚雄臭菜的性状和显微特征的研究,为楚雄臭菜的开发利用提供一定参考。     

有机胺制碱工艺的实验室研究

通过实验室大量试验,系统研究了有机胺溶剂萃取法生产纯碱的适宜工艺条件:有机相溶剂的叔胺体积分率0.35～0.50,转速600r/min,相比2:1,氯化钠浓度300g/L,温度15～25℃。盐酸胺盐再生采用了化学法。证实了有机胺制碱法的可行性,提出了有机胺制碱的工艺过程。     

Outcomes of Donation After Circulatory Death Heart Transplantation in Australia

Background

Transplantation of hearts retrieved from donation after circulatory death (DCD) donors is an evolving clinical practice.