氧化亚氮联合利多卡因行无痛人工流产术280例临床分析

目的: 探讨吸入 50%氧化亚氮 (N2O) 与 50%氧气 (O2 ) 的混合气体联合宫颈注射 2%利多卡因进行无痛人工流产术 (人流术) 的有效性和安全性。方法: 将人流术 580例分为A、B两组。其中A组 280例吸入 50%氧化亚氮 (N2O)与 50%氧气的混合气体联合宫颈注射 2%利多卡因进行无痛人流术, 称为联合组; B组 300例, 不用任何药物, 为对照组, 分析比较两组手术中镇痛效果, 宫口松弛情况, 手术出血量, 人流综合反应。结果: 联合组镇痛完全, 有效率达 97 5%。宫口完全松弛率 97 9%。两组比较有显著性差异 (P<0 05)。结论: 吸入氧化亚氮联合宫颈注射利多卡因进行无痛人流术, 镇痛效果确定, 人流时受术者意识处于朦胧状态, 安静, 无痛苦, 不良反应少, 苏醒快等。     

Ethanol and nicotine consumption and preference in transgenic mice overexpressing the bovine growth hormone gene

Transgenic mice overexpressing the phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase/bovine growth hormone (PEPCK/ bGH) hybrid gene and normal (nontransgenic) littermate controls (10 males + 10 females/group) were given access to tapwater and an ascending series of concentrations of ethanol (1.0–22.0%), then a similar ascending series of concentrations of nicotine (1.0–40.0 μg/ml), in a two-bottle choice test. Male transgenic mice consumed more and exhibited greater preferences for ethanol and nicotine than control males; transgenic females consumed less and showed lower preferences for ethanol, but not nicotine, than control females. These results suggest that chronic exposure to high levels of bGH may modulate the rewarding effects of ethanol and nicotine in mice in a gender-specific fashion.     

肿胀法外超声吸脂术的组织学研究

目的 观察外超声能量作用于活体组织后的组织学变化，以探索其作用机制。方法 对3只家猪腹部两侧进行外超声与非超声比较，作用不同时间后在光镜和电镜下观察其皮肤组织全层的变化。结果 在外超声作用18min内，随着作用时间的延长，猪的皮下脂肪组织和生物大分子结构的破坏程度不断加重，脂肪组织中产生的空泡不断增大而皮肤组织及血管无明显变化。结论 外超声吸脂术可通过稳定的空泡效应选择性地使脂肪细胞结构发生不可逆的坏死性改变，这一改变与作用时间成正比。     

32例腹部开放性损伤的救治体会

目的:探讨开放性腹部损伤的治疗方法。方法:回顾性分析1991年-1994年32例开放性腹部损伤患者的临床资料。结果:开腹探查26例,单纯缝合6例,阴性探查3例,二次手术2例,术后切口感染2例,感染性休克死亡1例,治愈31例,病死率为3.12%。结论:开放性腹部外伤,首先要根据临床表现及辅助检查判定内脏是否损伤,手术时机的掌握是治疗的关键。     

Pathological effects on mice by gambierol, possibly one of the ciguatera toxins

Gambierol was isolated from Gambierdiscus toxicus, which causes ciguatera fish poisoning. The acute toxicological effects induced in mice by synthesized gambierol were studied. The lethal doses were about 80 μg/kg by i.p. and i.v., and 150 μg/kg by p.o. The main injury by this toxin was observed in the lung, and secondary in the heart, resulting in systemic congestion. Another toxic effect was seen in the stomach, inducing hypersecretion and ulceration. With survival from the severe stage during the initial 3 h, recovery was favorable, especially after 4 days. Additional effects were not evident during 1-week post-administration observation.     

高原环境对部队适应人群内分泌系统的急性效应

本文对初入海拔5170米高原5日内未发生急性高山病的46名新战士进行了17项内分泌指标的检测,发现高原环境对适应人群内分泌系统的急性效应主要有:下丘脑一垂体应激反应增强;甲状腺功能增强;皮质醇分泌增多,醛固酮分泌减少,肾素活性降低,血管紧张素Ⅱ增多;性腺功能无明显变化。     

Sex cord-stromal tumors of the ovary

The developmental relationship between granulosa and stromal cells in the fetal ovary was reviewed. The proliferation and expression of basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) and luteinizing hormone receptor (LHR) of both the granulosa and theca cells was examined in the adult ovary. Ovarian granulosa cell tumors were then studied under light and electron microscopy and for immunohistochemical expression of bFGF and LHR. In the follicular development of the adult ovary, bFGF expression in the granulosa cells was correlated with theca cell proliferation. In ovarian granulosa cell tumors, estrogen-producing tumors showed a stratified or microfollicular pattern being accompanied by theca cells which had ultrastructural features of steroid-production, and these tumor cells exhibited immunoreactivity for bFGF. In contrast, tumors with no apparent hormone-production showed a solid or gyriform pattern without admixture of theca cells, and were negative for bFGF. LHR was expressed in both types of tumor. Accordingly, bFGF may play an important role in association with the theca cell component in granulosa cell tumors.     

神经导航在颅内肿瘤手术中的应用

目的探讨神经导航在神经外科显微手术中的应用。方法对101例颅内肿瘤患者均采用神经导航辅助的显微神经外科治疗。结果101例病变显微镜下全切89例(88．1%),次全切9例(8．9%),大部分切除3例(3．0%)；注册误差1．2～3．2mm,平均为(2．3±0．48)mm。术后症状改变或无变化92例(91．1%),9例(8．9%)出现不同程度的功能障碍,未出现术中及术后死亡。结论神经导航提供了实时、准确、可靠的定位,有助于提高手术疗效,降低术后神经功能损伤,缩短手术时间,使手术更微侵袭化。     

Not an equal opportunity disease – a sex and gender-based review of colorectal cancer in men and women: Part II

This paper reviews the literature on colorectal cancer from a sex and gender-based perspective. Colorectal cancer is a major cause of death in the developed world, with rates increasing in developing countries. Although described by some writers as an ‘equal opportunity’ disease, it presents more risk to men than women. Both biological, or sex-linked factors, and gender-linked factors play a part in the aetiology of the disease, while gender differences in the use of screening and treatment also help shape the mortality gap between women and men for this condition. Without an appreciation of the part played by sex and gender in the risk of colorectal cancer, and without a gender-sensitive approach to screening in particular, it is possible that the mortality gap between men and women for this condition will widen in the future.