新形势下中学与大学学生党建衔接工作的思考

在青年学生中吸收优秀分子已成为高校党组织发展工作的重要组成部分,最近几年来,高中党建工作也不断发展。了解青年学生党建现状,更好地利用中学党建工作成果,提出了做好衔接工作的现实意义及对策措施。     

Attitudes to social issues in medicine: a comparison of first-year medical students with first-year students in non-medical faculties

The emphasis on academic achievement in medical student selection has given rise to the fear that students entering medicine may comprise a homogeneous group with tendencies towards academic and scientific pursuits rather than humanistic and person-oriented health care. The Attitudes to Social Issues in Medicine (ATSIM) scale was administered to first-year Australian medical students and first-year students in other faculties including students with significantly lower academic performance measured by high school examination scores. The medical student group was found to be less conservative towards general social issues than students enrolled in commerce and science faculties and scored equally with arts students. Greater conservatism was, however, apparent in those areas which most closely affect the doctor's role. Medical students were less positive than other student groups in their attitudes towards increased government control of the medical profession, the contribution of allied health professionals and the importance of social aspects of illness. On attitudes to issues such as prevention and doctor-patient relationships which do not challenge the knowledge base or traditional role and status of the medical profession, however, medical students demonstrate equal or greater concern compared with other student groups.     

Attitudes toward psychiatry among Irish final year medical students

This study investigated the attitudes of medical students towards psychiatry, both as a subject on the medical curriculum and as a career choice. Three separate questionnaires previously validated on medical student populations were administered prior to and immediately following an 8-week clinical training programme. The results indicate that the perception of psychiatry was positive prior to clerkship and became even more so on completion of training. On completion of the clerkship, there was a rise in the proportion of students who indicated that they might choose a career in psychiatry. Attitudes toward psychiatry correlated positively with the psychiatry examination results. Those that intended to specialise in psychiatry achieved significantly higher examination scores in the psychiatry examination.     

我国农村订单定向医学生培养的研究热点与趋势分析

背景 农村订单定向医学生（简称定向医学生）的免费培养工作是缓解农村地区基层医生匮乏、提升基层医疗卫生队伍整体素质和水平的重要举措。目的 探索我国定向医学生培养的研究热点、研究动态和未来趋势,为后续研究提供参考。方法 于2022-02-15,在中国知网、万方数据知识服务平台、维普网中检索2010-01-01至2021-12-31发表的关于定向医学生培养相关论文,统计其发文量,运用Cite Space软件对样本文献作者、研究机构、关键词进行知识图谱的可视化分析。结果 共纳入598篇文献,关于定向医学生培养研究的文献量呈上升趋势,2018年达到历年顶峰（n=81）。该领域存在5个大的作者群,发文量排在前3位的机构为赣南医学院[113篇（18.9%）]、广西医科大学[40篇（6.7%）]及新乡医学院[28篇（4.7%）]。关键词词频排在前3位的分别是“订单定向”（70次）、“定向生”（57次）、“人才培养”（44次）。关键词聚类图谱得到“#0学习动力”“#1教学模式”“#2定向培养”“#3影响因素”“#4全科医学”“#5基层”“#6医学院”“#7医学生”8个聚类主题。最强突现词显示,排在前3位...     

306名大学生错失恐惧与社交媒体倦怠的关系:睡眠质量和负性情绪的链式中介作用

目的 探讨大学生睡眠质量、负性情绪在错失恐惧与社交媒体倦怠间的中介作用。 方法 采用错失恐惧量表、社交媒体倦怠量表、匹兹堡睡眠质量指数量表、抑郁-焦虑-压力量表简体中文版对306名大学生进行调查。 结果 错失恐惧、社交媒体倦怠、睡眠质量和负性情绪之间呈两两正相关;错失恐惧能正向预测社交媒体倦怠;睡眠质量和负性情绪在错失恐惧和社交媒体倦怠之间起单独中介作用,且睡眠质量和负性情绪在错失恐惧与社交媒体倦怠之间起链式中介作用,负性情绪各维度效应皆成立。 结论 睡眠质量和负性情绪能够为错失恐惧对社交媒体倦怠的影响提供一个解释机制,大学生的错失恐惧既可以直接影响其社交媒体倦怠水平,也可以通过睡眠质量、负性情绪的独立中介效应以及睡眠质量-负性情绪的链式中介效应间接影响。     

医学生人格特征形成的相关性研究

目的分析影响医学生人格特征形成的相关因素，为发展大学生的人格特征探寻其理论依据。方法用EPQ量表对601名医学生进行团体测验，其数据在WJZ心理测验软件上预处理后转入电子表格，用SPSS11．0软件进行统计学分析。结果EPQ量表中E、N、P、L的均值、标准差与常模比较，其差异有统计学意义；E，P，L3个维度间有不同程度的相关性：当以EPQ为因变量，15个影响因素为自变量进行逐步回归分析时，进入回归方程的主要是人际关系、家庭、学校教养(育)方式、经济状况、身心伤害否及自我形象、才能、专业的满意度。结论医学生的人格特征还处于发展阶段，其形戍过程与上述因素密切相关。     

Psychometric properties of the SUNYA revision of the psychosomatic symptom checklist

The Psychosomatic Symptom Checklist (PSC), a questionnaire assessing psychosomatic symptoms, was administered to two separate samples of college students. For Sample 1 (N=698),the questionnaire was readministered to three separate subsets at intervals of either 1 week (N=143),4 weeks (N=74),or 8 weeks (N=48).Each subset of subjects recompleted the PSC on only one of the three retest intervals. Based on the initial administration an analysis of the normative data revealed a mean total score of 23.7, suggesting a relatively low degree of psychosomatic symptoms in this group. Although total scores decreased slightly over time, test-retest correlations remained high (r>0.80, P<0.0001).Individual item correlations varied and also decreased across time; however, the majority of correlations was greater than r=0.50 throughout. Sample 2 (N=249)completed the PSC, Beck Depression Inventory (BDI), State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI-X), and Rathus Assertiveness Scale (RAS), and intercorrelations were computed between these measures. This analysis revealed little overlap between the psychosomatic complaints assessed by the PSC and other commonly used measures of psychological distress. Finally, a factor analysis revealed one major factor on which all but 2 of the 17 questionnaire items loaded significantly. These results suggest that the PSC is sensitive to psychosomatic distress and remains reliable over time.This reaserch was supported in part by Grants NS-15235 and NS-16891 from NINCDS.     

1910名初中新生慢性鼻-鼻窦炎与鼻中隔偏曲的相关性分析

目的　了解初中新生慢性鼻-鼻窦炎发病与鼻中隔偏曲的相关性。 方法　分层随机抽取郑州市1910名12~15岁初中新生，采取问卷调查及专科体检的形式，根据量表、体检结果，了解鼻中隔偏曲和慢性鼻-鼻窦炎患病情况，分析两者相关性。 结果　抽样初中新生慢性鼻-鼻窦炎的患病率为6.2%（119/1910）；慢性鼻-鼻窦炎患病群体与非患病群体中，轻、中度鼻中隔偏曲的发生率分别为27.7%（33/119）和31.2%（559/1791），两者差异无统计学意义（χ2=0.632，P>0.05）；重度鼻中隔偏曲的发生率分别为13.4%（16/119）和8.0%（144/1791），两者差异有统计学意义（χ2=4.248，P<0.05）。 结论　初中新生慢性鼻-鼻窦炎发病与重度鼻中隔偏曲具有相关性。     

Gross anatomy: An outdated subject or an essential part of a modern medical curriculum? Results of a questionnaire circulated to final-year medical students

Final-year undergraduate medical students were given a questionnaire on the gross anatomy curriculum they had experienced in their first year at medical school 5 years earlier. They were asked to evaluate the relevance of the dissection course, lectures and seminars in gross anatomy for clinical courses, clerkships, and everyday practical work on the ward. About two-thirds of the students found the time spent on 10 different regions in anatomy to be adequate, and a considerable number of students would have liked even more details. The vast majority expressed a wish to repeat topographical anatomy during their clinical teaching. Furthermore, ～75% of the students showed interest in short, specialized dissection courses during the clinical curriculum. Medical students just before graduation ranked gross anatomy with the dissection course and integrated clinical topics as a keystone for their clinical courses. The results of such surveys should be taken into consideration when discussing modification to teaching gross anatomy or arguing about a balanced dissection course. © 1993 Wiley-Liss, Inc.     

大学生时间管理倾向与自我和谐的关系

目的: 探讨大学生时间管理倾向与自我和谐的关系.方法: 运用青少年时间管理倾向量表和自我和谐量表对334名大学生进行施测,对大学生时间管理倾向与自我和谐各因素进行相关分析和多元逐步回归分析.结果: 334名大学生自我与经验的不和谐得分为51.9±8.6,自我灵活性得分24.6±6.3,自我刻板性得分25.0±4.1;自我与经验的不和谐与除时间价值感外的时间管理倾向(r=-0.31--0.39)、自我刻板性与时间管理倾向(r=-0.11--O.26)呈负相关;自我灵活性与时间管理倾向呈正相关(r=0.28-O.41).进一步回归分析表明,时间效能感是自我与经验的不和谐和自我刻板性的有效预测变量(R2=0.152,β=-0.390;R2:O.107,β=-0.259);时间效能感和时间价值感是自我灵活性的有效预测变量(R2=0.229,β:0.288、0.286).结论: 大学生时间管理倾向与自我和谐有一定程度的相关.