The association of nurses' assessment and certainty to pain management and outcomes for nursing home residents in Jordan

Despite advances in dementia care, pain in people with dementia is still undertreated due to poor assessment, poor treatment, and factors relating to nurses' critical thinking and decision-making skills. The purpose of the study is to examine temporally based relationships between change in behavior, the nurses' level of certainty regarding pain, assessment scope, and outcomes of pain. The findings of the study were consistent with the Response to Certainty of Pain model. This study found high percentage of variances accounted for by nurses' level of certainty due to potential unexpected confounding variables. This study may provide a new understanding of the relationship between nurses' certainty, assessment scope, and patient outcomes for people with dementia. Improved understanding of this relationship and how it relates to the problem of unrelieved pain in people with dementia is crucial.     

Critical reflections on school-based occupational therapy

This article describes the process of facilitating change to practice that is more client-centered and occupation-based in a diverse suburban public school district in the USA from 2001 to 2006. The author sets the context, describes the process that included the use of the School AMPS, and considers factors that facilitated and constrained change.     

初中生学校适应量表的编制和信效度检验

目的:编制适合测量我国初中生学校适应的量表。方法:本研究在查阅文献和开放式问卷的基础上,通过项目分析、鉴别度、探索性因素分析、验证性因素分析确定了初中生学校适应正式量表的题目,并对该量表进行了信度和效度检验。结果:探索性因素分析表明,初中生学校适应量表包括7个因子:学习适应、学校态度、情绪适应、集体活动适应、师生关系亲密性、师生关系冲突性和同伴关系,这7个因子可解释总变异的46.750%。验证性因素分析表明,所提取的7个因子与构想模型拟合较好(χ~2/df=3.038,REMA=0.046,TLI=0.850,CFI=0.855,NFI=0.798,GFI=0.768),该量表具有较好的结构效度。初中生学校适应量表全部题目以及各因子的内部一致性信度Cronbach’sα系数分别为0.958、0.898、0.947、0.912、0.881、0.934、0.906、0.886。该量表全部题目的再测信度为0.752,并且该量表各维度以及全部题目的再测信度也达到了显著性水平(P0.01)。结论:初中生学校适应量表具有较好的信度和效度,适合评定我国初中生的学校适应状况。