大肠杆菌O157∶H7呼吸系统调控蛋白FNR对三型分泌系统调控的研究

目的 了解大肠杆菌O157∶H7 FNR(fumarate nitrate reduction,富马酸硝酸盐还原)对三型分泌系统(type Ⅲ secretion system,T3SS)表达的影响.方法 本研究采用λRed重组技术,利用PCR产物,通过Bet(a ssDNA annealing protein,ssDNA退火蛋白)和Exo(a5'→3'dsDNA exonuclease,5 '→3' dsDNA外切酶)蛋白促进同位交换的方法,成功构建了fnr突变株.结果 虽然细胞黏附结果显示,与野生株相比,缺失株的黏附力并没有明显下降.但是T3SS的蛋白图谱显示fnr突变株中蛋白分泌量有明显下降.结论 推测可能是fnr基因敲除后导致高浓度的ClpXP(caseinolytic protease X&P,酪蛋白水解酶X&P)引起GrlA(global regulator of LEE activator)蛋白的降解,从而导致LEE(locus of enterocyte effacement)表达的下降,造成T3SS蛋白分泌量的下降.     

突发性群体暴力事件后一线救援医护人员心理健康状况调查

目的 探讨突发性群体暴力事件后一线救援医护人员的心理健康状况,为制定有针对性的心理干预措施提供依据.方法 将突发性群体暴力事件后某部队医院55名一线救援医务人员设为研究组,随机抽取同期普通病房医护人员82名设为对照组,采用事件冲击量表、睡眠量表及症状自评量表对两组进行测评分析.结果 两组事件冲击量表及睡眠量表评分均显著高于正常人群,研究组事件冲击量表总分及各因子分、睡眠量表总分均显著高于对照组(P＜0.05或0.01).研究组症状自评量表总分及焦虑、偏执因子分显著高于对照组(P＜0.05或0.01),总分、总均分、阳性项目数及除强迫症状因子外的8个因子分显著高于中国常模(P＜0.01),总均分、阳性项目数及躯体化、焦虑、敌对、恐怖因子分显著高于军人常模(P＜0.01);对照组症状自评量表总分、总均分、阳性项目数及除强迫症状、偏执因子外的其他因子分均显著高于中国常模(P＜0.05或0.01),阳性项目数及强迫症状、焦虑、敌对、恐怖、偏执因子分与军人常模比较差异有显著性(P＜0.05或0.01).结论 突发性群体暴力事件后一线救援医护人员普遍存在不同程度的心理问题,及时开展有针对性的心理健康教育对提高其心理健康水平具有重要意义.     

Interinstitutional variability and effect of tissue fixative on the interpretation of a Barrett cytokeratin 7/20 immunoreactivity pattern in Barrett esophagus

A unique pattern of cytokeratin (CK) 7/20 immunostaining (diffuse staining with CK7 and surface and superficial crypt staining with CK20) has been reported to be useful in differentiating Barrett esophagus (BE) from intestinal metaplasia of the stomach. However, there are conflicting results regarding the prevalence of a BE CK7/20 staining pattern in BE between different studies. Therefore, this study was performed to determine the degree of variability in interpretation of a BE CK7/20 pattern and to determine the reasons for variability when present. Esophageal and gastric mucosal biopsies from 67 patients with BE and antral intestinal metaplasia at 2 institutions were immunostained for CK7/20. All cases were evaluated for the presence of a BE CK7/20 pattern by 2 gastrointestinal pathologists from each institution, and the degree of agreement between institutions was determined. To determine the effect of tissue fixation and staining methods on the pattern of CK7/20 staining, unstained slides were exchanged between institutions, stained separately by each institution, and reexamined by all pathologists. There was excellent agreement on the presence of a BE CK7/20 staining pattern between pathologists at the same institution but only moderate agreement between pathologists at different institutions (71% overall, kappa = 0.58). Among BE cases, a BE CK7/20 staining pattern was identified in 50 (96%) of 52 cases by Cleveland Clinic Foundation pathologists but only 35 (67%) of 52 cases by Brigham and Women's Hospital pathologists. The major source of disagreement related to the interpretation of weak or variable CK7 staining of deep intestinalized mucosa in BE biopsies that were fixed in Hollande, but not those that were fixed in formalin. After the creation of a new set of criteria for a positive BE CK7/20 staining pattern, which took into account the effects of Hollande's fixative, the degree of agreement between pathologists at each of the 2 institutions was excellent (100%, kappa value = 1.0). Therefore, the CK7/20 staining pattern is influenced by the type of fixative used. Only a moderate level of interobserver agreement among pathologists regarding a BE CK7/20 pattern can be achieved if one is not aware of these effects. Nevertheless, specific criteria for interpretation of CK7/20 staining can be successfully applied between institutions and need to be developed before use of this technique in clinical practice.     

线粒体靶向抗氧化剂SS31对大鼠蛛网膜下腔出血后 早期脑损伤的保护作用

目的：探讨SS31对蛛网膜下腔出血(subarachnoid hemorrhage,SAH)后早期脑损伤(early brain injury,EBI)的 保护作用。方法：将96只大鼠随机分为假手术组(Sham)、SAH组、SAH+vehicle组(SAH+V)、SAH+SS31组。建立大鼠 视交叉池SAH模型,术后2 h经腹腔注射SS31(5 mg/kg)或等体积的溶剂。在SAH后24 h,分析不同组间大鼠神经功能评 分、脑水肿、伊文思蓝的渗出、细胞凋亡、丙二醛(malondialdehyde,MDA)、超氧化物歧化酶(superoxide dismutase, SOD)、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(glutathione peroxidase,GPx)、细胞色素(cytochrome c,Cyt C)及Bax表达水平的差异。 结果：与SAH+V组比较,SS31治疗能显著降低SAH 后大鼠脑组织中MDA 水平,提高GPx和SOD 活性,上调线粒体Cyt C表达水平,降低Bax表达水平,脑水肿和伊文思蓝的渗出减轻,改善大鼠神经功能缺损,减少神经元凋亡。结论： SS31可减轻SAH后EBI,其机制可能与抗氧化应激和抑制神经元凋亡有关。     

金属钛种植体表面蛋白吸附动力学研究

本章应用简单的称重法对等温吸附曲线和吸附动力学曲线进行了粗略的测定，并应用先进的XPS技术对蛋白质在不同pH值下的解吸特性进行研究。发现材料表面的蛋白吸附量随蛋白溶液的浓度的增加和时间的延长而增加，而且在浸泡最初的吸附量增加最快，尤其在前20分钟，吸附几乎就达到了平衡．还发现钛种植体表面的吸附的能力比317L不锈钢的吸附能力强，几乎同时进入吸附的平衡阶段。在体液pH值状态下，钛表面的蛋白吸附量最高，随着pH值向两侧移动，钛表面的蛋白吸附量在下降，而当pH值为25和12时，表面蛋白吸附量降至最小值，pH值继续升高或降低反而表面蛋白的残余量有所升高。     

Non- Hodgkin lymphoma of the lips: A rare entity

AimTo investigate clinico-pathological features of lymphoma of the lips, and review the literature.Materials and MethodsRetrospective analysis and review of English literature, 1996-2016.ResultsAnalysis included 23 cases, 7 new cases and 16 from literature, 12 M: 11 F, age 7–82 years. Four occurred in children, mean age 10.1; 19 in adults, mean 61.1 years.The lower lip was involved in the majority of cases (16, 69.56%). 14 (60.87%) were isolated to the lips, 8 (34.78%) were multifocal. Nine (39.13%) occurred in association with Sjogren's syndrome, of which one also had Hashimoto thyroiditis. IgG4-related disease and HIV were reported in one case each. The lip salivary glands were involved in most cases (19, 82.6%); 3 (13.6%) showed only cutaneous involvement.The typical presentation was single or multiple nodules (15, 65.21%), with surface ulceration in only two (8.69%). Constituent symptoms were absent in all cases, paresthesia was reported in one (4.34%). The majority (18, 78.26%) was extranodal marginal zone B-cell lymphoma - mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue lymphoma (EMZB-MALT), and one case each was mantle cell, NK-T cell, CD30 positive and plasmablastic lymphoma.ConclusionThe lips seem to have a unique pattern of non-Hodgkin lymphoma dominated by EMZB-MALT lymphoma, rarely other types. In more than half, neither Sjogren's syndrome nor other chronic inflammation was identified. Lesions tend to present as asymptomatic slowly progressing, non-ulcerated submucosal masses. Lymphoma should be considered even in the absence of constituent symptoms, as most cases showed none. Although the number of reported cases is rather small, disease course is usually prolonged and prognosis seems to be good.     

大鼠生后发育期间胰岛D细胞的胰岛淀粉样多肽和生长抑素的表达

目的观察大鼠生后发育期间胰岛淀粉样多肽（ｉｓｌｅｔａｍｙｌｏｉｄｐｏｌｙｐｅｐｔｉｄｅ,ＩＡＰＰ）与生长抑素（ｓｏ－ｍａｔｏｓｔａｔｉｎ,ＳＳ）在胰岛Ｄ细胞的表达。方法免疫组织化学ＰＡＰ邻片单染法。结果从生后１ｄ至成年大鼠胰岛内均有部分ＩＡＰＰ－ＩＲ细胞和ＳＳ－ＩＲ细胞形态相似、定位一致;外分泌部腺泡间散在分布的部分ＩＡＰＰ－ＩＲ细胞也呈ＳＳ免疫反应性。结论大鼠生后发育过程中胰岛部分Ｄ细胞同时表达ＩＡＰＰ和ＳＳ,即两者共存于胰岛Ｄ细胞内     

试论中药现代化与饮片剂型的改革

就我国传统中药饮片在生产,流通、使用环节上存在的问题,结合国际天在药物市场发展态势,以及我国加入ＷＴＯ后“洋中药”对国内中药市场带来的影响与压力的分析,认为中药剂型改革改革加快步伐,以适应现代社会医疗保健的需求,实施发展传统精制饮片和中药饮片浓缩颗粒新剂“两条腿走路”的方针,不仅对我国中医学术和事业的发展至关重要,也是中药国际化先行,乃至于带动中医药学术和技术方法国际社会所接受和认同的重要的举措。