子宫颈癌△Np63蛋白表达的临床病理学意义

目的探讨△Np63蛋白表达在子宫颈癌不同组织学类型中的临床病理学意义。方法43例子宫颈上皮内瘤变(cervi-calintraepithelialneoplasia,CIN)(包括15例CIN1,6例CIN2和22例CIN3),21例角化型和33例大细胞非角化型宫颈鳞状细胞癌(鳞癌)、40例腺癌、4例神经内分泌癌、4例腺鳞癌、2例移行细胞癌、2例玻璃样细胞癌和1例腺瘤样基底细胞癌的标本选自韩国高丽大学安岩附属医院和延边妇幼保健医院病理科,应用免疫组化染色方法检测△Np63蛋白在上述病变组织中的表达情况。结果△Np63蛋白在所有子宫颈鳞癌标本中呈阳性表达,而在所有腺癌则为阴性。随着CIN病变级别的增加,△Np63蛋白表达的分布范围也逐渐增多,而且在不同组织学类型的子宫颈癌中,合并鳞状细胞分化(associatedwithsquamousdifferentiationofuterinecervix)的病变区△Np63表达增强,但在腺性分化和神经内分泌分化的区域△Np63则不表达。结论△Np63蛋白检测对区分子宫颈癌组织学类型的具有重要意义,且对子宫颈腺癌的鉴别诊断是一个非常有用的指标。     

Ki-67、p63、bcl-2蛋白在葡萄胎妊娠与水肿性流产中的诊断价值

目的:研究Bcl-2、p63和Ki-67蛋白在鉴别完全性葡萄胎(CHM)、部分性葡萄胎(PHM)、水肿性流产(HA)中的应用价值。方法:收集山东大学齐鲁医院病理科2012年1月至2018年6月的妊娠早期葡萄胎(HM)与水肿性流产样本共139例。对以上病例样本重新阅片,同时结合p57免疫组化染色,筛选出CHM 55例,PHM 29例,HA 40例。对筛选出的样本行Bcl-2、p63、Ki-67免疫组化染色。结果:Ki-67用于鉴别HA与PHM的敏感度、特异性、阳性预测值(PPV)、阴性预测值(NPV)分别为82.5%、72.4%、80.5%和75.0%;p63用于鉴别HA与PHM的敏感度、特异性、PPV、NPV分别为95.0%、79.3%、86.4%和92.0%;p63联合Ki-67用于鉴别HA与PHM的敏感度、特异性、PPV、NPV分别为95.0%、79.3%、86.4%和92.0%。p63联合Ki-67用于鉴别HA与PHM的受试者工作特征(ROC)曲线下面积(0.934)显著高于p63(0.898),差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:Ki-67与p63用于鉴别PHM与HA具有一定的应用价值,联合使用Ki-67与p63鉴别PHM与HA比单独使用两者的准确性更高。     

Unraveling the biological mechanisms in Alzheimer's disease--lessons from genomics

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most common form of dementia and the most common neurodegenerative disease, with a complex genetic background. Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have yielded important new insights into genetic mechanisms of AD pathology. Current results unequivocally confirm apolipoprotein E (APOE) as a major genetic risk factor for development of late onset AD. Additional associations of more than twenty genes have also been identified and replicated in subsequent genetic studies. Despite the exciting new GWAS data which have emerged in the last few years, it has become clear that common variants within the genome cannot fully explain the underlying genetic risk for AD. Novel approaches such as genome-wide analysis of copy number variations (CNV) or low-frequency rare functional gene variants may provide additional insight into genetic basis of AD. In this review we summarize the findings of eighteen GWAS studies in AD performed to date, with an emphasis on potential future developments in the quest for genetic risk factors of AD.     

Bcl2及Bak1重组表达腺病毒对MG63细胞的影响

目的研究Bcl2、Bak1重组表达腺病毒载体单独或共转染对MG63细胞活性及结缔组织生长因子(connective tissue growth factor,CTGF)、Runx2、骨桥蛋白(osteopontin,OPN)、肿瘤坏死因子-α(tumor necrosis factor-α,TNF-α)的影响。方法收集对数期MG63细胞,分为4组:A组:空载腺病毒干预组;B组:Bcl2重组表达腺病毒转染组;C组:Bak1重组表达腺病毒转染组;D组:Bcl2、Bak1重组表达腺病毒共转染组。A组给予空载腺病毒转染,B、C组分别给予Bcl2重组表达腺病毒、Bak1重组表达腺病毒转染,D组给予Bcl2、Bak1重组表达腺病毒共转染,MTT法检测细胞活性,碱性磷酸酶(alkaline phosphates,ALP)活性检测试剂盒检测ALP活性,流式细胞仪检测钙离子浓度,Western Blot检测CTGF、Runx2、OPN、TNF-α的表达。结果与A组相比,B组细胞活性、ALP活性升高,钙离子浓度降低,CTGF、OPN、Runx2蛋白相对表达量均升高,TNF-α表达量则降低,差异有统计学意义(P0.05);C组细胞活性、ALP活性降低,钙离子浓度升高,各蛋白相对表达趋势与B组相反,差异有统计学意义(P0.05);D组细胞活性、ALP活性、钙离子浓度升高,CTGF、Runx2相对表达量升高,OPN、TNF-α相对表达量降低,但差异均无统计学意义(P0.05)。(2)B组、C组、D组各检测指标组间比较,差异均有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论 Bcl2重组表达腺病毒载体转染MG63细胞可增强细胞活性及钙化能力,促进骨形成。     

用荧光强度反映Cbfa1活性成骨细胞模型的构建

目的构建稳定表达由6OSE2启动子驱动的增强型绿色荧光蛋白(EGFP)的MG63细胞株,并筛选出能反映Cbfa1活性的细胞株。方法合成6OSE2启动子的序列,并将其构建到T载体中;然后通过双酶切得到启动子片段;与去除CMV启动子的报告基因载体pEGFP-N1的酶切片段连接,构建真核表达载体;并转染到MG63细胞系,经G418筛选得到了稳定转染6OSE2-EGFP基因的MG63细胞株。用不同浓度的IGF-I和VD3处理,通过EGFP荧光强度分析,ALP活性测定,筛选出能够响应IGF-I和VD3的细胞株。结果构建了pUC-6OSE2扩增载体和p6OSE2-EGFP真核表达载体,通过稳定转染以及IGF-I、VD3筛选获得一株荧光强度随IGF-I和VD3处理而增强的细胞株-OSE-MG63。结论构建了能反应Cbfa1活性的成骨细胞模型,为进一步研究微重力对Cbfa1的转录活性及信号传导途径的影响奠定了基础。     

血小板激活因子拮抗剂SRI63-441对缺血再灌注损伤大鼠心肌的保护作用

目的 :研究血小板激活因子拮抗剂SRI6 3 - 44 1对大鼠缺血再灌注损伤心肌的保护作用。方法 :将实验大鼠分成 3组 ,对照组未行缺血及药物治疗 ,再灌注组及SRI6 3- 44 1治疗组结扎大鼠左冠状动脉前降支 (LAD)缺血 30min后 ,行再灌注 10h ,其中治疗组结扎前 1min给予SRI6 3 - 44 1(1mg/kg) ,观察大鼠再灌注心律失常 ,再灌注区心肌组织中丙二醛浓度、超氧化物歧化酶活性的变化。结果 :SRI6 3- 44 1能明显降低再灌注时室性心律失常的严重程度 ,使缺血 30min再灌注 10h大鼠的心肌梗塞面积从 (2 1 6± 3 1) %降至 (12 7± 2 5 ) % ,心肌组织中脂质过氧化最终产物丙二醛 (MDA)含量下降 ,超氧化物歧化酶 (SOD)活性升高。结论 :SRI6 3 - 44 1用于大鼠心肌缺血再灌注可减少心肌损伤 ,揭示PAF为心肌再灌注损伤的重要介质 ,而PAF拮抗剂有可能用于心肌缺血再灌注损伤的治疗。     

血小板激活因子拮抗剂SRI63-441对缺血再灌注损伤大鼠心肌的保护作用

目的 研究血小板激活因子拮抗剂SRI63-441对大鼠缺血再灌注损伤心肌的保护作用。方法 将实验大鼠分成3组,对照组未行缺血及药物治疗,再灌注组及SRI63—441治疗组结扎大鼠左冠状动脉前降支(LAD)缺血30分钟后,行再灌注10小时,其中治疗组结扎前1分钟给予SRI63—441(1mg/kg),观察大鼠再灌注心律失常,再灌注区心肌组织中丙二醛浓度、超氧化物歧化酶活性的变化。结果 SRI63—441能明显降低再灌注时室性心律失常的严重程度,使缺血30分钟再灌注10小时大鼠的心肌梗塞面积从21.6±3.1％降至12.7±2.5％,心肌组织中脂质过氧化最终产物丙二醛(MDA)含量下降,超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性升高。结论SRI63—441用于大鼠心肌缺血再灌注可减少心肌损伤,提示PAF为心肌再灌注损伤的重要介质,而PAF拮抗剂有可能用于心肌缺血再灌注损伤的治疗。     

P63 Expression Can Be Used in Differential Diagnosis of Salivary Gland Acinic Cell and Mucoepidermoid Carcinomas

Differentiation of salivary gland acinic cell carcinoma from mucoepidermoid carcinoma can be diagnostically challenging as both may have prominent mucin production. P63 is a p53 homologue required for limb and epidermal morphogenesis. It is expressed in basal and myoepithelial cells of normal salivary gland tissues. In this immunohistochemical study, we examined the expression of p63 in salivary gland acinic cell and mucoepidermoid carcinomas (MEC) and its use in differentiating these two entities. A search was performed and appropriate cases were selected from Lifespan Hospital System archives as well as the consult archives of one author (DRG). 31 salivary gland acinic cell carcinomas (ACC) and 24 MEC were examined for p63 expression by immunohistochemistry. The nuclear immunoreactivity was examined by both authors and was graded semi-quantitatively with negative being less than 10 % of cells staining. Positive staining was graded as follows: 10–25 % of tumor cells staining was weakly positive, 26–75 % of tumor cells staining was moderately positive, and 76–100 % of tumor cells staining was strongly positive. Negative nuclear staining of the tumor cells was seen in 30/31 (96 %) of salivary gland ACC while 1/31 (3 %) showed diffuse nuclear staining of the tumor cells. This latter case was later reclassified as mammary analogue secretory carcinoma following confirmatory molecular testing for the ETV6-NTRK3 fusion gene. Strong positive nuclear staining of the tumor cells was seen in 24 (100 %) of salivary gland MEC cases. P63 is an immunohistochemical stain that can potentially aid in differentiating unusual ACC with prominent mucin production from MEC of the salivary gland. According to this study, acinic cell carcinoma is always negative for p63 immunoreactivity while mucoepidermoid carcinoma is always positive.