2014 年改变乳腺癌临床实践的研究进展

2014年,乳腺癌的治疗取得巨大进步,局部和全身复发率都显著降低了,这得益于高质量的多学科协作团队,以及多年来一些重要的改变临床实践的研究结果。Cossetti等[1]2014年在JCO上发表的一篇文章,是对英属哥伦比亚地区的人群学研究,探讨1986-1992年和2004-2008年间不同亚型乳腺癌复发风险的差异。数据显示,无论任何亚型,乳腺     

针灸治疗几类重大脑病的临床研究进展

目的：探讨针灸治疗自闭症谱系障碍、抑郁症和老年痴呆症三大脑病的临床研究进展。方法：以回顾性临床文献研究的方式,检索中文期刊数据库（中国知网、维普、万方）及PubMed数据库近年公开发表的针灸治疗三大脑病的临床研究文献,结合疾病的病因病机和治则进行分析和整理。结果：研究者对针灸治疗三大脑病进行了广泛研究,临床研究报道很多,为这一治疗的实用性和科学性奠定了一定基础。结论：针灸治疗脑病的临床疗效确切,希望相应的针灸临床实践指南尽快出台,使以后的临床研究更趋规范化。     

Src激酶家族与紫杉醇耐药相关性的研究进展

Src激酶家族(SFK)在许多恶性肿瘤中均有高表达,对于肿瘤细胞的恶性行为具有广泛的调节作用。紫杉醇是临床上广泛应用的化疗药物,但由于耐药性的出现使其疗效逐渐下降。本文就SFK的结构与调节方式、紫杉醇耐药产生的分子机制以及SFK调节紫杉醇耐药的研究进展进行综述,以期为基于紫杉醇的肿瘤治疗方案提供新的治疗参考依据。     

21物理方法预防深静脉血栓形成的效果研究

目的 探讨物理方法预防深静脉血栓的临床效果。 方法 抽取120例深静脉血栓（10分≤评分≤15分）患者,随机分成实验组60例、对照组60例。实验组采用物理和基础方法预防,对照组仅采用基础方法预防。观察两组预防深静脉血栓的有效率。 结果 实验组有效率为93．33%,对照组有效率为78．33%。两组比较差异有统计学意义（P＜0．05）。 结论 采用物理方法预防深静脉血栓效果明显优于单纯应用基础方法。     

抗结核药物的研究进展

随着结核病耐药频率不断升高,结核病治疗面临严峻的挑战,因此,研发新型抗结核药物显得尤为重要。在过去十年中,抗结核药物的研发取得了重要进展。本文将对近年来被批准用于临床和正在进行临床试验的新化学实体按靶点进行分类,并综述其作用机制、体内外药理活性、药代动力学性质以及临床研究结果。对抗结核药物的研发进行了展望,以期对结核病药物研发提供参考。     

幻肢痛的研究进展

随着交通事故、恶性疾病、自然灾害的不断增多,行截肢术的患者也越来越多.有资料显示,目前幻肢痛患者人数在不断增加,但发生机制还未完全阐明,治疗方法虽然不断更新但仍无重大突破.现就幻肢痛的研究进展作一综述.     

间充质干细胞诱导分化椎间盘细胞的研究进展

目的综述关于间充质干细胞(mesenchymal stem cells,MSCs)诱导分化椎间盘细胞的实验研究进展。方法广泛查阅国内外近期相关文献,对基础理论及实验研究进行总结及分析。结果国内外相关实验研究表明,MSCs具有诱导分化为椎间盘细胞表型的潜能。结论MSCs诱导分化椎间盘细胞有美好前景。     

Methodological issues in music interventions in oncology settings: A systematic literature review

This paper is part of a systematic literature review and presents methodological issues within studies, investigating therapeutic applications of music in cancer patients. This review focuses on published international research from the USA, Canada, Australia and European countries using four electronic databases: PSYCHINFO, WEB OF SCIENCE, MEDLINE and SCIENCEDIRECT. Thirty-two papers were identified and each paper was coded in terms of sample type, basic research question, research design and methodological details, results and implications for future research. This paper addresses questions related to study design and methodology. It explores and discusses the relative advantages and disadvantages of various approaches.     

欧洲癌症研究与治疗组织风险评分表在非肌层浸润性膀胱尿路上皮癌中的临床应用初探

Objective To evaluate the feasibility of European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer (EORTC) risk tables in non-muscle invasive bladder cancer in Chinese patients.Methods A retrospective analysis was performed on the data from 185 patients with non-muscle invaaive urothelial bladder cancer from January 2003 to February 2009. Among the 185 patients, 128 patients were stage Ta compared with 57 patients who were stage T1. There were 87, 53 and 45 patients with grade G1, G2 and G3 respectively. Transurethral resection of the bladder tumor was performed on all the patients and all the patients received routine post-operative intravesical instillation. A telephone interview follow-up was conducted on all the patients, and the average follow-up period was 36 months. EORTC risk tables were used to calculate risk scores for recurrence and progression for each patient. The recurrence and progression rates of different risk groups were recorded and compared with the estimated rates by EORTC risk table. Statistical analysis was used for comparison. ResultsTotal 1-year recurrence rate and progression rate for these patients were 25.9% and 3.8% respectively. According to calculated values of the patients, the 1-year recurrence rates of Group 0, Group 1-4, Group 5-9, Group 10-17 were 10.4%(5/48), 21. 5%(14/65), 35. 2% (19/54), 55.6%(10/18), respectively. The 1-year progression rates of Group 0, Group 2-6, Group 7-13, Group 14-23 were 0% (0/43), 1.5% (1/67), 6. 7% (4/60), 13. 3% (2/15). There was no significant difference between the real rates and estimated rates of the EORTC risk tables (P＞0. 05). However,the 1-year recurrence and progression rates between the low risk group, the medium risk group and the high risk group showed significant differences respectively (P ＜ 0. 05 ). Conclusions The EORTC risk tables are feasible to evaluate the recurrence and progression risk of non-muscle invasive bladder cancer in the present cohort. Nevertheless, the long term value and feasibility need more research to confirm.