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51.
The change in motor unit firing rates at de‐recruitment relative to recruitment is correlated with type I myosin heavy chain isoform content of the vastus lateralis in vivo 下载免费PDF全文
52.
53.
The paper studies a surface electromyogram (SEMG) decomposition technique suitable for identification of complete motor unit
(MU) firing patterns and their motor unit action potentials (MUAPs) during low-level isometric voluntary muscle contractions.
The algorithm was based on a correlation matrix of measurements, assumed unsynchronised (uncorrelated) MU firings, exhibited
a very low computational complexity and resolved the superimposition of MUAPs. A separation index was defined that identified
the time instants of an MU's activation and was eventually used for reconstruction of a complete MU innervation pulse train.
In contrast with other decomposition techniques, the proposed approach worked well also when the number of active MUs was
slightly underestimated, if the MU firing patterns partly overlapped and if the measurements were noisy. The results on synthetic
SEMG show 100% accuracy in the detection of innervation pulses down to a signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) of 10 dB, and 93±4.6%
(mean± standard deviation) accuracy with 0 dB additive noise. In the case of real SEMG, recorded with an array of 61 electrodes
from biceps brachii of five subjects at 10% maximum voluntary contraction, seven active MUs with a mean firing rate of 14.1
Hz were identified on average. 相似文献
54.
An adaptive algorithm is described that groups motor unit action potentials (MUAPs), detected in a composite EMG signal during
signal decomposition, and creates partial motor unit action potential trains (MUAPTs). Data-driven MUAP shape and motor unit
firing-pattern based criteria are used to form the clusters. An algorithm for estimating MUAPT temporal parameter, which provides
accurate estimates even for partially defined trains, is used to obtain firing-pattern information. No a priori knowledge
is required regarding the number of clusters or the distribution of their template shapes. The clustering algorithm when applied
to real concentric-needle detected MUAP data provides accurate and useful clustering results. Compared to a classical leader-based
algorithm, it provides more robust performance, is better able to estimate the true number of motor units represented in a
set of detected MUAPs, and obtains more complete and accurate MUAPTs. 相似文献
55.
目的:观察肌萎缩侧索硬化(ALS)患者重复神经电刺激(RNS)时复合肌肉动作电位(CMAP)波幅衰减和递增的特点及意义。方法:对确诊的42例ALS患者与42例重症肌无力(MG)患者的尺神经3Hz(低频)与15Hz(高频)RNs的结果进行比较。结果:42例ALS患者中,低频RNS有明确衰减者30例,无明确衰减或递增者12例;高频RNS有明确衰减者4例,明确递增者22例,无明确衰减或递增者16例。以上结果均与以作对照的MG组比较,差异均有统计学意义(P〈0.05)。结论:ALS患者存在神经肌肉传递障碍,RNS衰减或递增可能与突触前机制有关,或许与突触前、后均受损害有关,RNS结果异常是病情活跃的标志,确切意义有待进一步探讨。 相似文献
56.
Gilio F Iacovelli E Conte A Frasca V Gabriele M Giacomelli E Bettolo CM Scaldaferri N Trebbastoni A Prencipe M Inghilleri M 《Neuroscience letters》2008,437(2):125-129
Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (5 Hz-rTMS, 10 stimuli, 120% resting motor threshold intensity, RMT) produces in healthy subjects a progressive facilitation of motor-evoked potential (MEP) amplitude probably through a short-term enhancement of cortical excitatory interneurones. We had the opportunity to investigate the effect of 5 Hz-rTMS delivered over the right and left primary motor cortex (M1) in a patient with limb-kinetic apraxia of the left hand and fingers and reduced cerebral perfusion in the fronto-parietal cortex of the right hemisphere documented by single-photon emission computed tomography scans. Changes in the MEP size during the trains and the RMT were measured and compared between the hemispheres. 5 Hz-rTMS was also delivered in a group of healthy subjects over both hemispheres in order to compare changes in the MEP size from the right and left M1. In the patient, 5 Hz-rTMS delivered over the left hemisphere elicited normal MEPs that progressively increased in size during the trains whereas 5 Hz-rTMS delivered over the right affected hemisphere failed to facilitate the MEP size. RMT was similar in both hemispheres. In healthy subjects, 5 Hz-rTMS delivered over either hemisphere elicited a similar, significant MEP size facilitation. Despite the limitations of a single case, our findings suggest an altered response to 5 Hz-rTMS over the M1 of the affected hemisphere. This asymmetric response correlated with the altered perfusion in the right hemisphere and the patient's lateralized clinical manifestations of apraxia. 相似文献
57.
Lee KH Lee YK Kwon DN Chiu S Chew V Rah H Kujawski G Melhem R Hsu K Chung C Greenhalgh DG Cho K 《Experimental and molecular pathology》2011,90(3):300-311
Approximately 2% of the human genome is reported to be occupied by genes. Various forms of repetitive elements (REs), both characterized and uncharacterized, are presumed to make up the vast majority of the rest of the genomes of human and other species. In conjunction with a comprehensive annotation of genes, information regarding components of genome biology, such as gene polymorphisms, non-coding RNAs, and certain REs, is found in human genome databases. However, the genome-wide profile of unique RE arrangements formed by different groups of REs has not been fully characterized yet. In this study, the entire human genome was subjected to an unbiased RE survey to establish a whole-genome profile of REs and their arrangements. Due to the limitation in query size within the bl2seq alignment program (National Center for Biotechnology Information [NCBI]) utilized for the RE survey, the entire NCBI reference human genome was fragmented into 6206 units of 0.5 M nucleotides. A number of RE arrangements with varying complexities and patterns were identified throughout the genome. Each chromosome had unique profiles of RE arrangements and density, and high levels of RE density were measured near the centromere regions. Subsequently, 175 complex RE arrangements, which were selected throughout the genome, were subjected to a comparison analysis using five different human genome sequences. Interestingly, three of the five human genome databases shared the exactly same arrangement patterns and sequences for all 175 RE arrangement regions (a total of 12,765,625 nucleotides). The findings from this study demonstrate that a substantial fraction of REs in the human genome are clustered into various forms of ordered structures. Further investigations are needed to examine whether some of these ordered RE arrangements contribute to the human pathobiology as a functional genome unit. 相似文献
58.
Berardelli A Inghilleri M Gilio F Romeo S Pedace F Currà A Manfredi M 《Experimental brain research. Experimentelle Hirnforschung. Expérimentation cérébrale》1999,125(1):82-86
The effects of repetitive transcranial stimulation (rTMS) on brain activity remain unknown. In healthy subjects, we studied
the effects of rTMS on the duration of the cortical silent period (SP). Repetitive stimuli were delivered with a Cadwell High
Speed Magnetic Stimulator and a figure-of-eight coil placed over the hand motor area. rTMS was delivered in trains of 11 or
20 stimuli at frequencies of 3 and 5 Hz and at stimulation intensities of 110 and 120% of motor threshold. The SP was recorded
from the forearm muscles during a voluntary contraction (20% of maximum effort). rTMS delivered at a frequency of 3 and 5 Hz
and intensities of 110 and 120% motor threshold prolonged the duration of the SP, without modifying either the size or the
latency of the muscle-evoked potentials (MEP). A conditioning train of 11 stimuli at 3 Hz had no effect on the duration of
the SP evoked by a single magnetic shock delivered 600 ms after the train. These findings show that rTMS increases the duration
of the cortical SP, but does so only during the train of stimuli. rTMS probably changes the duration of the SP by facilitating
cortical inhibitory interneurons.
Received: 4 December 1997 / Accepted: 11 August 1998 相似文献
59.
Xia R Bush BM 《Experimental brain research. Experimentelle Hirnforschung. Expérimentation cérébrale》2007,177(4):573-578
The objective of this study was to examine phase- and task-dependent modulation of stretch reflexes during repetitive finger
movements in writer’s cramp, and compare them with normal controls from our previous study. A subject with writer’s cramp
conducted two rhythmic tasks, index finger abduction (RFA) and a pen-squeezing (RPS) task akin to handwriting. Stretch reflexes
were evoked by mechanical perturbations at random phases of each task. Surface electromyograms (EMG) were recorded from two
hand muscles, first dorsal interosseous (FDI) and flexor digitorum superficialis (FDS). The reflex response and background
EMG activity of each muscle were modulated in a phase-dependent manner in both tasks. However, they varied largely in phase
during the RFA task, but in approximately inverse phase-relationship during RPS. Reflex sensitivity, as represented by the
slope of the linear regression between response and background, was much lower for both muscles in the ‘writing’ task (RPS)
than in the RFA task with its positively correlated responses. These phase- and task-related modulation patterns differed
dramatically from those observed in our control subjects, where reflex responses were modulated largely in phase with background
activity and reflex sensitivity was much higher, particularly in FDI during RFA and FDS during RPS. The altered reflex modulation
patterns in writer’s cramp may reflect deficiencies of integration of proprioceptive afferent inputs and reduced inhibition
at cortical and spinal levels during writing performance. Results from this case study support clinically identified task-specific
feature of focal hand dystonia. 相似文献
60.