Assessment of Diffuse Thyroid Disease by Strain Ratio in Ultrasound Elastography

The goal of this study was to explore the value of strain ratio from real-time elastography in the semi-quantitative assessment of diffuse thyroid disease. Fifty-one patients with primary hyperthyroidism, 70 with Hashimoto's thyroiditis, 8 with subacute thyroiditis and 43 with normal healthy thyroids were recruited to measure the strain ratio (SR) of thyroid tissue and sternocleidomastoid muscle (on the same side of the thyroid). SR values of all groups were subjected to statistical analysis. The SRs (mean ± standard deviation) of patients with hyperthyroidism, Hashimoto's thyroiditis and subacute thyroiditis were 2.30 ± 1.08, 7.04 ± 7.74 and 24.09 ± 13.56, respectively. The SR of the control group was 1.76 ± 0.54. SR values ranked in ascending order were control group < hyperthyroidism group < Hashimoto's thyroiditis group < subacute thyroiditis group. There were statistically significant (p < 0.05) differences in thyroid hardness between groups with different diffuse thyroid diseases. SR values of the hyperthyroidism and control groups did not statistically differ (p > 0.05). It is feasible to assess diffuse thyroid disease with strain ratios obtained with ultrasound elastography.     

三维超声心动图评价心脏再同步化治疗术后即刻左心室同步性改变

目的 探讨实时三维超声心动图(RT-3DE)评估心脏再同步化治疗(CRT)后即刻左心室同步性改变的价值.方法 选择慢性心力衰竭拟行CRT患者62例,采用RT 3DE评价CRT术前以及术后即刻左心室16节段收缩末期容积达峰时间标准差(Tmsv16-SD),计算术前以及术后6个月左心室舒张末期容积变化率(△LVEDV)、左心室收缩末期容积变化率(△LVESV)以及左心室射血分数变化率(△LVEF),筛选预测CRT反应的最佳Tmsv16-SD截断值.结果 △Tmsv16 SD与△LVEDV (r=0.563,P＜0.001)、△LVESV (r=0.612,P＜0.001)以及△LVEF (r=0.442,P＜0.001)呈线性正相关;以△Tmsv16-SD=5.4％为截断值,预测CRT反应的ROC曲线下面积为0.857 (95％ CI:0.760～0.953),灵敏度为85.0％、特异度为86.4％.结论 慢性心力衰竭CRT术后即刻左心室同步性改善可以显著改善CRT疗效,△Tmsv1 6-SD可能是预测CRT反应的新的有效指标.     

RNA interference inhibits herpes simplex virus type 1 isolated from saliva samples and mucocutaneous lesions

The aim of this study was to evaluate the use of RNA interference to inhibit herpes simplex virus type-1 replication in vitro. For herpes simplex virus type-1 gene silencing, three different small interfering RNAs (siRNAs) targeting the herpes simplex virus type-1 UL39 gene (sequence si-UL 39-1, si-UL 39-2, and si-UL 39-3) were used, which encode the large subunit of ribonucleotide reductase, an essential enzyme for DNA synthesis. Herpes simplex virus type-1 was isolated from saliva samples and mucocutaneous lesions from infected patients. All mucocutaneous lesions’ samples were positive for herpes simplex virus type-1 by real-time PCR and by virus isolation; all herpes simplex virus type-1 from saliva samples were positive by real-time PCR and 50% were positive by virus isolation. The levels of herpes simplex virus type-1 DNA remaining after siRNA treatment were assessed by real-time PCR, whose results demonstrated that the effect of siRNAs on gene expression depends on siRNA concentration. The three siRNA sequences used were able to inhibit viral replication, assessed by real-time PCR and plaque assays and among them, the sequence si-UL 39-1 was the most effective. This sequence inhibited 99% of herpes simplex virus type-1 replication. The results demonstrate that silencing herpes simplex virus type-1 UL39 expression by siRNAs effectively inhibits herpes simplex virus type-1 replication, suggesting that siRNA based antiviral strategy may be a potential therapeutic alternative.     

Expression of OCT4 in human esophageal squamous cell carcinoma is significantly associated with poorer prognosis

AIM: To explore the expression pattern of OCT4 in human esophageal squamous cell carcinoma and its significance in diagnosis and prognosis.METHODS: Using real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR), Western blotting, immunocytochemistry and immunohistochemistry, the expression of OCT4 in three esophageal squamous cancer cell lines, KYSE70, KYSE140 and KYSE450, was characterized. OCT4 expression was investigated in a series of 153 esophageal squamous cell carcinoma samples using immunohistochemistry and explored its association with clinicopathological features.RESULTS: Immunohistochemically, OCT4 positive immunostaining was observed in cancer cell nuclei. OCT4 was variably expressed in three esophageal squamous cancer cell lines. Among 153 specimens, 105 (68.7%) were negative or weakly positive for OCT4 staining; 21 (13.7%) were moderately positive and 27 (17.6%) were strongly positive. Higher expression level of OCT4 was significantly associated with higher histological grade (P < 0.001) and poor clinic outcome (P < 0.001).CONCLUSION: The expression of OCT4 enables the tumor to have a higher degree of stemness, which in turn results in a poorer clinical outcome for patients with esophageal squamous cell carcinoma.     

实时定量PCR法分析2型糖尿病患者肠道乳酸杆菌菌种数量的改变

目的:明确2型糖尿病患者与正常对照人群比较是否存在总乳酸杆菌及其具体菌种嗜酸乳杆菌、保加利亚乳杆菌、干酪乳杆菌、植物乳杆菌、鼠李糖乳杆菌数目的差异,以及探索乳酸杆菌与血糖、血脂等代谢指标是否相关.方法:选取2型糖尿病患者50人、正常对照者30人作为研究对象,两组性别、年龄、BMI相匹配.检测糖尿病患者空腹血糖、餐后2h血糖、血脂、C反应蛋白等指标,并收集糖尿病患者及对照者粪便提取细菌总DNA,通过实时荧光定量PCR方法测定目标细菌的拷贝数.结果:2型糖尿病组肠道乳酸杆菌(P<0.001)及嗜酸乳杆菌(P<0.001)、保加利亚乳杆菌(P<0.001)、干酪乳杆菌(P=0.008)、鼠李糖乳杆菌(P<0.001)显著高于对照组,且乳酸杆菌与低密度脂蛋白胆固醇显著负相关(P=0.04).结论:2型糖尿病患者肠道总乳酸杆菌及其某些具体菌种数量增多,乳酸杆菌数量的改变对血脂也存在影响.通过饮食调节肠道乳酸杆菌含量可能有助于改善糖尿病、高脂血症等代谢性疾病.     

实时超声监测药物诱导排卵的临床应用

药物诱导排卵和自然排卵周期中卵泡生长发育的超声表现相似，但仍在某些重要差异。本文应用超声对４１例药物诱导排卵的妇女进行了动态监测，认为超声不但能准确地判断卵泡的生长发育，且能指导针对性地定ｈｃＧ的给药，促进成熟和排卵，减少和避免因药物诱导排卵而造成的并发症，尤其是ＯＨＳＳ的发生。     

实时组织弹性成像肝纤维化指数在慢性乙型肝炎患者中的应用价值

目的 评估实时组织弹性成像在慢性乙型肝炎患者中的应用价值.方法 选取2013年5月至2015年4月122例健康志愿者、107例慢性乙型肝炎患者、92例肝硬化患者进行实时组织弹性成像检查,采用组织弥散定量分析软件,得到多个定量弹性参数.采用单因素方差分析各弹性参数的组间差异,Spearman等级相关分析弹性参数与疾病严重程度的关系,构建受试者工作特征曲线,评估诊断效能.结果 健康对照组、慢性肝炎组、肝硬化组三组间比较,应变均值(MEAN)、标准差(SD)、蓝色区域面积比(AREA%)、复杂度(COMP)、峰度(KURT)、偏度(SKEW)、对比度(CONT)、均等性(ENT)、杂乱度(IDM)、相关性(CORR)、肝纤维化指数(LF index)等多个弹性参数差异均具有显著统计学意义(P<0.01);其中LF index、AREA%、COMP、SD与病情程度呈高度相关(|r|≥0.7);LF index诊断慢性肝炎及肝硬化的受试者工作特征曲线下面积分别为0.874(0.836~0.913)和0.922(0.887~0.949).结论 实时组织弹性成像在慢性乙型肝炎患者中具有较好的应用价值.     

线粒体转录复合物各因子质粒标准品的构建

目的:构建大鼠线粒体转录因子TFAM(A)、线粒体转录因子TFB1M(B1)、线粒体转录TFB2M(B2)及线粒体RNA聚合酶(POLRMT)的质粒标准品,为检测内耳细胞线粒体TFAM、TFB1M、TFB2M、POLRMT的mRNA表达水平做基础。方法:设计特异性引物和探针,提取大鼠内耳组织总mRNA逆转录成c DNA,PCR扩增、纯化目的片段,将纯化产物与p Zero Back/blunt载体重组,提取重组质粒,经测序鉴定后,用实时荧光绝对定量PCR建立标准曲线。结果:测序结果与各目的序列一致,获得良好的标准曲线(R2>0.99)。结论:成功构建了各目的基因的质粒标准品。     

实时组织超声弹性成像对肝硬化的应用价值研究

目的探讨实时组织超声弹性成像(Real-time tissue elastog-raphy,RTE)技术和常规超声检查(Routine ultrasonic inspection,RUI)对肝硬化的应用价值。方法选取2014年4月~2016年2月在本院进行入院治疗的肝硬化患者92例作为研究对象,根据其病情严重程度分为早期代偿期肝硬化组71例以及失代偿期肝硬化组21例。以肝组织取活检病理临床诊断结果作为金标准,应用SPSS 21.0统计学软件计算并采用Z检验比较常规超声积分和实时RTE技术诊断代偿期肝硬化、失代偿期肝硬化的ROC曲线下面积。结果将92例确诊的肝硬化患者作为肝硬化组,数据分析结果表明RTE技术诊断肝硬化的ROC曲线下面积(0.971)、敏感度(95.42%)、特异度(93.38%)均显著大于RUI积分诊断(依次为0.846、72.46%、86.61%),具有显著性差异(Z/χ2值依次为2.844、3.127、2.547,P0.05);RTE技术诊断早期代偿期肝硬化的ROC曲线下面积(0.956)、敏感度(94.58%)、特异度(93.07%)均显著大于RUI积分诊断(依次为0.738、51.65%、87.46%),具有显著性差异(Z/χ2值依次为3.639、5.174、2.429,P0.05);RTE技术诊断失代偿期肝硬化的ROC曲线下面积、敏感度、特异度与RUI积分诊断比较均不具有显著性差异。结论与RUI相比较,RTE技术诊断早期代偿期肝硬化具有显著优势,但对失代偿期肝硬化患者进行诊断时效果无明显差异。