肝硬化病人血清甲状腺激素水平的改变

观察肝硬化病人血清甲状腺激素的改变。方法用放射免疫分析法检测３０例肝硬化病人和１０例健康人的血清甲状腺激素水平,用Ｃｈｉｌｄ－Ｐｕｇｈ积分评价病人的肝功能。结论肝硬化常伴有低甲状腺激素水平,且随着肝功能损害的加重而逐渐降低。     

大肠癌病人外周血、肿瘤及癌旁粘膜中胃泌素、生长抑素水平的变化及其意义

对４８例大肠癌病人外周血、肿瘤及癌旁粘膜匀浆中胃泌素、生长抑素（ＳＳ）水平行ＲＩＡ测定。结果表明：癌患者平均血清胃泌素（ＳＧ）水平显著高于对照组（Ｐ＜０．０５），肿瘤切除后明显下降（Ｐ＜０．０５）；分组比较表明ＤｕｋｅｓＣ期和直肠癌病人平均ＳＧ水平显著高于对照组（Ｐ＜０．０５）；肿瘤及癌旁粘膜中胃泌素水平很低，无法测出。癌患者平均血浆ＳＳ（ＰＳＳ）水平显著高于对照组（Ｐ＜０．０５）；分组比较表明ＤｕｋｅｓＢ期和粘液腺癌病人平均ＰＳＳ水平显著高于对照组（Ｐ＜０．０５）；癌远旁粘膜（距肿瘤５～１０ｃｍ）平均ＳＳ水平高于癌组织，低于癌近旁（距肿瘤＜２ｃｍ）粘膜，三者间相差均非常显著（Ｐ＜０．０１）。ＳＧ与癌近旁ＳＳ水平间、ＰＳＳ与肿瘤ＳＳ水平间均呈非常显著之正相关（Ｐ＜０．０１）。     

酸枣仁对内毒素发热小鼠SOD降低的保护作用

利用内毒素静脉注射小鼠诱导发热造成SOD下降的动物模型,用RIA法测定全血及肝组织SOD含量。结果表明,模型组SOD含量较正常组明显降低(P<0.05),酸枣仁组SOD含量高于模型组,提示酸枣仁对内毒素所致发热小鼠SOD降低具有保护作用。     

慢性肾衰患者血液透析前后血浆心钠素和环核苷酸水平的变化

心钠素和环核苷酸水平的变化对于肾脏的基础和临床研究具有十分重要的意义。为了进一步观察心钠素和环核苷酸水平在肾功能不全发病中的作用,本文对34例CRF病人血液透析前后血浆ANF、cAMP、cGMP水平进行分析。结果显示,CRF患者透析前血浆ANF、cAMP、cGMP含量均显著高于健康人(p<0.001),cAMP/cGMP比值则显著低于健康人(p<0.01)。而经过血透后ANF、cAMP,cGMP含量又明显下降(p<0.001),提示CRF的发病机理与ANF、cAMP、cGMP水平的改变有密切的关系。同时初步分析了这些变化的原因及意义。因此,我们认为测量血浆ANF、cAMP、cGMP水平的变化,对CRF患者的诊治有一定的指导意义。     

胶体金免疫层析法测定尿HCG的评价

目的对胶体金免疫层析测定试条检测随机尿HC-G的结果进行分析与评价。方法采用胶体金免疫层析测定法和放射免疫分析法对120份育龄妇女随机尿HCG进行测定。结果胶体金免疫层析试条对随机尿HCG的检测范围为120.0～427570mIU/ml,灵敏度为120.0mIU/ml,当尿HCG浓度大于427,570mIU/ml时,该试条出现带现象,与尿中LH无交叉反应。结论胶体金免疫层析试条具有操作简单、快速等优点,与放射免疫法相比,存在灵敏度低和带现象问题,在日常应用中应加以注意。     

Ghrelin levels in young children with Prader-Willi syndrome

OBJECTIVE: To explore the hypothesis that high ghrelin levels contribute to obesity in Prader-Willi syndrome (PWS), we assessed whether the increased levels observed in older persons with PWS exist in very young children, before the onset of hyperphagia. STUDY DESIGN: We measured ghrelin levels in nine children with PWS (17-60 months of age) and eight healthy control subjects of equivalent body mass index (BMI), age, and sex. RESULTS: PWS and control groups had equivalent BMI (16.8 +/- 1.4 vs 16.1 +/- 0.9 kg/m(2), respectively; P = .24), age (37.8 +/- 15.4 vs 50.3 +/- 17.7 months; P = .14), and sex. PWS and control groups also had equivalent fasting levels of total ghrelin (787 +/- 242 vs 716 +/- 135 pg/mL, respectively; P = .24), bioactive ghrelin (102 +/- 35 vs 91 +/- 23 pg/mL; P = .45), insulin, and glucose. Ghrelin correlated negatively with BMI among controls (r = -0.760, P = .029) but not PWS (r = 0.015, P = .97). CONCLUSIONS: Children <5 years of age with PWS, who had not yet developed hyperphagia or excessive obesity, had normal ghrelin levels, in contrast with the hyperghrelinemia of older, hyperphagic people with PWS. It is possible that ghrelin levels increase suddenly before hyperphagia develops.     

Microsoft Excel在RIA室内质量控制中的数据自动处理和质控图自动绘制设计及应用

用Microsoft Excel对RIA室内质量控制(IQC)中的多参数(高、中、低)质控血清数据进行全自动处理和全自动绘制室内质控图。在Microsoft Excel中:AVERAGE和STDEV分别自动计算出质控血清的x、s和CV%;应用PEARSON计算出各质控血清间相关系数(r);在图表自定义系列中引入原数据自动绘制质控图;应用逻辑判定给出质控判定,导出各质控参数的质控状态、出控时间和出控数据。4年来对RIA各项目的多参数室内质控图自动绘制、质控数据自动统计计算和质量控制判定准确无误,具有速度快、易操作,实现了RIA的IQC微机自动化管理,且适用于其他各种体外标记免疫分析的IQC。     

The exciting story of cardiac biomarkers: from retrospective detection to gold diagnostic standard for acute myocardial infarction and more

This paper reviews the history of the contribution of the laboratory medicine to clinical cardiology and discusses the most important steps in this field. Until 20 years ago, the clinical laboratory only placed at the cardiologist's disposal a few assays for the retrospective detection of cardiac tissue necrosis, such as enzymatic methods for creatine kinase and lactate dehydrogenase activities. However, in the latter part of the 20th century, highly sensitive and specific assays, such as cardiac troponins, as well as assays for markers of myocardial function, such as cardiac natriuretic peptides, rapidly changed the scenario of clinical management of patients with cardiac diseases, assigning to the laboratory a pivotal role in the overall diagnostic flow. This is witnessed by the recent incorporation of these markers into international guidelines and in the redefinition of myocardial infarction. For the foreseeable future, new serum markers of myocardial ischemic, i.e. reversible, injury or related to coronary plaque instability and disruption are expected.     

IL-8在不同肿瘤患者血清中的表达

目的：探讨白细胞介素8（IL-8）在不同肿瘤患者血清中的表达特征及临床意义。方法：采用放射免疫分析对201例肺癌等不同肿瘤患者进行血清IL-8检测,研究细胞因子在肿瘤进展中的作用机制。结果：与38例正常人（0.346±0.105ng/ml）比较,肺癌、乳腺癌等不同肿瘤组IL-8水平均明显增高。尤以结直肠癌组（1.332±0.798ng/ml）、肺癌组（1.105±0.710ng/ml）和肝癌组（1.013±1.052ng/ml）增高最为显著（P〈0.01;P〈0.05）,各肿瘤组IL-8增高的阳性率均〉50%。结论：IL-8作为自分泌生长因子、血管发生因子和促进胶原酶Ⅳ的活性以及影响细胞的黏附移动促进肿瘤的发生、生长和转移。     

血清骨钙素在不同年龄段的水平变化及临床意义

目的：探讨不同年龄段血清骨钙素水平的变化。方法：采用放射免疫分析法(RIA)对316例健康人血清骨钙素(BGP)水平进行测定。结果：少年组与青年组、中年组、老年组比较差异非常显著(P＜0．001),青年组与中年组比较差异有显著性(P＜0．05),青年组与老年组比较有明显差异(P＜0．001),中年组与老年组比较有明显差异(P＜0．001)。少年组、中年组男女之间比较无明显差异,青年组男女之间比较差异有显著性(P＜0．05),老年组男、女比较有明显差异(P＜0．001)。结论：血清骨钙素水平随年龄变化而变化。